Graduate Thesis Or Dissertation
 

Electromyographic biofeedback for tension control during fine and gross motor skill acquisition

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  • The presence of residual muscular tension has been implicated as a detrimental influence on the performance and learning of motor skills. A method for reducing muscular tension has been provided by the recent advent of biofeedback training. Thirty young adult males were subjected to tests of stabilometer balancing skill and pursuitrotor tracking skill, which represented gross and fine motor activity respectively. Following pre-tests, the subjects were ranked by performance scores and divided into identical triplicates. Two experimental groups and a control group were formed when one subject of each triplicate was assigned to each group. The two experimental groups were trained by electromyographic biofeedback techniques to reduce muscular tension in the frontalis muscles. After a total of three hours of training for the experimental subjects, all subjects were re-evaluated on the same motor skill tasks. One experimental group received electromyographic feedback during the post-tests. Analysis of variance groups by trials, analysis of variance of difference means, and t tests of scores representing performance and tension suggested that: a) electromyographic biofeedback training significantly (1) reduces tension induced by novel motor skill learning and (2) improves motor performance of fine and gross motor skills; b) transfer of tension-control training of a general nature facilitates learning and performance more than direct biofeedback during performance; and c) a higher tension level is necessary for performance of fine motor tasks as tension correlates positively with performance. Residual tension reduction and control were particularly facilitated by electromyograph biofeedback methods, which may have profound implications for the management of stress in a variety of situations.
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