Graduate Thesis Or Dissertation
 

Modification of phyllosphere environments to enhance establishment of Gliocladium roseum, an antagonist of Botrytis cinerea

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  • Radial colony growth of three isolates of Gliocladium roseum and three isolates of Bottytis cinerea were measured on 1/4 strength potato dextrose agar amended with concentrations of NaHCO₃ ranging from 0-2% (w/v). Compared to the control, reductions in colony diameter of the B. cinerea isolates ranged from 60-79% and 73-89% on media amended with 0.125 and 0.25% NaHCO3, respectively. Colony diameter for two isolates of G. roseum were significantly enhanced (P< 0.05) at 0.125% NaHCO3, but reduced 0-9%, 31-49% and 53-68% on media amended with 0.25, 1 and 2% NaHCO₃ respectively. From these results, we concluded that concentrations of NaHCO3 in the range of 0.125-2% could differentially inhibit growth of B. cinerea, over that of the antagonist, G. roseum. Young leaves and blossoms were inoculated with mixed suspensions of B. cinerea and G. roseum with or without 0.125% NaHCO3. Incidence of infection of leaves of B. cinerea was significantly reduced (P< 0.05) by a G. roseum concentration of >1x10⁴ conidia/ml. The addition of NaHCO₃ to conidial suspensions provided an additional significant decrease (P < 0.05) in the proportion of leaf pieces that B. cinerea infected. In a second experiment on leaves, NaHCO₃ (0.125%) added to inoculum suspensions reduced the incidence of B. cinerea such that adding G. roseum to the inoculum suspensions had no additional effect. On detached blossoms both the incidence and sporulation of B. cinerea was significantly reduced (P < 0.05) for all concentrations of G. roseum >1 x10⁴ conidia/ml. The addition of NaHCO₃ to conidial suspensions did not significantly reduce (P < 0.05) the incidence or sporulation of B. cinerea on blossoms in the first experiment; however, in a second experiment the addition of this chemical provided an additional reduction (P< 0.05) in both the incidence and the sporulation of B. cinerea on blossoms. In a field experiment, G. roseum alone did not reduce the incidence of gray mold fruit rot. The combination of G. roseum and NaHCO₃, however, significantly reduced (P < 0.1) gray mold fruit rot on one of four harvest dates. Results of this study demonstrated some potential for integration of G. roseum and NaHCO3 for the control of gray mold on strawberry.
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