Graduate Thesis Or Dissertation
 

Wood treatment by double-diffusion using copper sulfate and sodium fluoride

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  • In investigating wood treatment as a possible processing option for Alaska forest products manufacturers, the double-diffusion method using sodium fluoride followed by a copper sulfate appeared to be the most advantageous approach. Yet, little information was available as to the chemical retention after treating and its resistance to leaching. Green Sitka spruce (Picea sitchensis) heartwood samples were treated using the double-diffusion method with a 2.2% sodium fluoride solution followed by a 6.2% copper sulfate solution. Samples were analyzed for chemical retention after treating, after a 30-day diffusion period, and after leaching in water for two weeks. There was a slight trend for solution uptake to increase with initial wood moisture content and decrease with wood density. There was selective fluoride absorption from the solution into the wood, but there was no evidence of selective copper absorption. Some of the sodium fluoride was lost from the wood during treatment in the copper sulfate solution. Therefore, fluoride retention should not be assessed without sequential copper sulfate treatment. Copper sulfate solution uptake was confounded by the loss of sodium fluoride and therefore, should not be used to assess chemical retention. While not statistically significant, copper retention increased between two and three days of treatment. Copper retention was greater in samples initially treated in sodium fluoride solution. Fluoride was more mobile than copper during the 30-day diffusion period and during leaching. Most of the copper stayed in the outer six-mm of the wood matrix during the 30-day diffusion period. While not statistically different, 15% to 62% of the fluoride and copper initially deposited in the samples was lost during leaching. The potential impacts of these losses on the surrounding environment merit further study.
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