Graduate Thesis Or Dissertation
 

The effects of kernel feeding by brown marmorated stink bug (Halyomorpha halys: Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) on commercial hazelnuts (Corylus avellana L.)

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https://ir.library.oregonstate.edu/concern/graduate_thesis_or_dissertations/cf95jf281

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  • Halyomorpha halys (brown marmorated stink bug, Hemiptera: Pentatomidae), an invasive insect pest, has established populations in the Willamette Valley of Oregon. Halyomorpha halys is a potential pest of many specialty crops in the Willamette Valley, including hazelnuts (Corylus avellana L.). The objectives of this study were to 1) characterize the damage resulting from feeding of H. halys adults on developing hazelnut kernels, 2) determine how the timing of feeding during kernel development influences damage to kernels, and 3) determine if the hazelnut shell thickness had an effect on feeding frequency or resulting damage to the kernels. In field trials conducted in 2012 and 2013, adult male H. halys were allowed to feed on developing nuts for one-week periods from initial nut development until harvest. Developing nuts not exposed to H. halys feeding served as a control treatment. Data were analyzed using an Exact Binomial Test. Damage symptoms corresponded with the hazelnut kernels’ physiological development periods, and were similar to symptoms of stink bug feeding on tree nuts in past studies. Results demonstrated that when stink bugs fed on hazelnuts before kernel expansion, development of the kernels could cease and the result is an empty shell (P<0.001). When the insects fed during kernel expansion, kernels appeared malformed (P<0.001). When stink bugs fed on mature nuts, a greater proportion of kernels exhibiting corky, white, necrotic kernel tissue resulted (P<0.001). Results were consistent in both field seasons. Despite differences in mean shell thickness between cultivars, there were no significant differences in the proportion of damaged kernels exhibiting these symptoms between cultivars in field tests or lab tests. The results of these studies demonstrate that commercial hazelnuts are susceptible to damage caused by the feeding of H. halys throughout the season, regardless of cultivar. Halyomorpha halys could have a serious detrimental effect in commercial hazelnut orchards.
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