Paclitaxel is a very important anticancer drug commonly called Taxol®.
We know from previous work (Hoffman, et al., 1998) that Taxol exists in filbert, Corylus avellana L. material. Quantification of Taxol in filbert plant material is painstaking and hitherto was accomplished by rapidly processing single batches in a complicated procedure...
Experiments were conducted to determine the influence of cultural management practices on weed growth in nursery containers. Experiments 1 and 2 evaluated the effects of dolomitic lime rate and application method on substrate pH, creeping woodsorrel (Oxalis corniculata L.) establishment in containers, and growth of azalea (Rhododendron ‘Rosebud’) and pieris...
The effect of incorporated sawdust, sawdust mulch and nitrogen (N) fertilizer rate on soil nutrients and other properties, N uptake, and plant growth in a young blueberry planting on a silt loam soil type was studied in 2004 and 2005. ‘Elliott’ highbush blueberry plants were established on raised beds that...
Research was conducted in the field and greenhouse to determine if a
kaolinite-based particle film, Surround®, would reduce colonization and early season
feeding damage in cucurbits by the Western Striped Cucumber Beetle, Acalymma
trivitattum (Mannerheim). Greenhouse studies were designed to determine effect of
particle film on cucumber dry weight production...
Two studies used DNA markers to assess their usefulness in germplasm identification and evaluation of genetic stability in four cryopreserved Rubus accessions that were stored for over 10 years in liquid nitrogen. In the first study, 12 robust Simple Sequence Repeat (SSR) markers were developed from two microsatellite-enriched libraries of...
It is estimated that 50-75% of Oregon vineyards cultivate at least every other alley in order to 1) reduce water stress 2) increase vineyard canopy temperatures and 3) increase nutrient availability. Because many vineyards are situated on steep hillsides, frequent tillage could result in increased soil erosion, decreased soil quality...
In Pisum, the Np gene conditions two mitotic responses - to bruchid weevil oviposition on the pod and to reduced UV light. Oviposition by the weevil results in tumorous or neoplastic growth under the egg. Biochemically active compounds, called bruchins, were isolated from two bruchid insects (Doss et al, 2000)....
In recent years, there has been renewed interest in black raspberry (Rubus occidentalis L.) breeding. This has been spurred by an increase in black raspberry consumption due to studies that have shown them to be particularly high in anthocyanin content indicating high levels of antioxidants. Present cultivars are ill adapted...
The hundred-year history of the hazelnut industry in the Pacific Northwest is threatened by eastern filbert blight (EFB) caused by the fungus Anisogramma anomala (Peck) E. Müller. Marker-assisted selection (MAS) has been extensively used for ‘Gasaway’ resistance in the hazelnut breeding program at Oregon State University. Concern over breakdown of...
White mold, caused by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (Lib.) de Bary, results in severe losses in the production of common bean, Phaseolus vulgaris, especially snap bean varieties. Advanced backcross QTL analysis was used to identify quantitative trait loci for resistance to white mold in an interspecific cross of P. vulgaris and P....
The effect of primocane management on flowering and fruiting patterns was studied in primocane-fruiting blackberry (Rubus subgenus Rubus, Watson) cultivars 'Prime-Jan'® and 'Prime-Jim'® over two years. Primocanes that were "soft-tipped" (upper 2-5 cm removed) at 1.0 m were compared to un-tipped canes. In both years, soft-tipped primocanes developed 2-3 fold...
Seed germination sensu stricto is defined as the physiological events before the radicle tip ruptures the covering tissues. The ability of the radicle to elongate (or germination potential) is observed in developing embryos prior to completion of seed maturation. When embryos at early developmental stages, such as globular, heart, torpedo...
Root rot of sweet corn in western Oregon and Washington is a significant disease that
can reduce yield of intolerant cultivars of processed sweet corn by fifty percent. Root rot
is caused by a complex of soilborne organisms, including Drechslera sp., Phoma
terrestris, and Pythium arrhenomanes. Processors have adopted tolerant...
Five-year- old 'Ananasnaya' hardy kiwifruit [Actinidia arguta (Sieb. & Zucc.) Miq.] vines in a commercial vineyard were subjected to flower/fruit thinning in 1999. Treatments of thinning flowers before bloom (BB; June 2 to 5) or fruit after set (AFS; - July 1 to 7) at three different seventies (15%, 30%...
Two studies were initiated in June of 1981 in order to gain greater understanding of the growth and fruiting habits of field grown strawberries in Oregon's Willamette Valley.
Yield component analysis of 'Benton', Oregon's leading cultivar and an advanced breeding selection, 'OR-US 4356' was conducted during the first (1981) and...
This paper records a series of experiments conducted furing a one-year period to determine the effects of boron upon the growth and fruiting of Marshall and Corvallis strawberries, two of the leading commercial varieties in Oregon. The problem was approached in four ways: (1) applications of dry borax and borax...
Blackberry varieties were evaluated with modified atmosphere packaging, using films Cryovac D-940 and D-955 in 0° and 5°C storage. Moisture loss was kept extremely
low (less than 3%) in packaged fruits, but mold infection was excessively high because of high humidity accumulated inside the container. Blackberries selectively harvested
into 3...
To determine the effects of rate of nitrogen application and storage time on fruit quality of highbush blueberries (Vaccinium corymbosum, L.), five rates of ammonium sulfate fertilizer were soil-applied in 1984 and 1985 to cvs. Bluecrop and Jersey. Fruit was harvested up to three times during the 1985 season and...
Grape phylloxera, Daktulosp/iaira vitfoliae (Fitch) development was studied under field and laboratory conditions. The aphid-like insect feeds on Vitis vinfera L. roots producing swellings that decay and lead to vine decline. The only long-term economic solution for control of grape phylloxera (GP) is to plant vines grafted onto a resistant...
Vegetable production with a living mulch may reduce soil erosion and compaction, increase organic matter levels, and decrease the requirement for chemical inputs. Competition between the vegetable and mulch, however, has limited the development of successful living mulch systems to realize these benefits. In a field study, interference between pak...
Hop powdery mildew, caused by Podosphaera macularis Braun & Takamatsu (formerly Sphaerotheca macularis (Wallr. :Fr.) Lind, syn. S. humuli (DC.)Burrill) was not observed in Pacific Northwest hop yards until 1997, when it was discovered in Washington. Within one year, it had spread to Oregon and Idaho. This emerging disease caused...
North American cultivation of Ribes L. may expand as small fruit growers seek species to diversify horticultural crops. The Ribes industry was suppressed for decades out of fear that cultivated black currants and gooseberries would intensify the fungal disease white pine blister rust (WPBR) on five-needle pine (Pinus L. section...
Legume cover crops can serve as important sources of nitrogen (N) in sustainable agriculture and can be economically beneficial when fertilizer inputs are reduced without a yield reduction. Synchronizing N mineralization from organic materials with the needs of the subsequent crop is a challenge for organic growers.
Predicting plant available...
An alternative to traditional roofing, extensive green roofs are contained ecosystems consisting of a drainage layer, a thin media profile which is planted with hardy plant species. Extensive green roof plants must maintain multiple functions while growing in a highly aggregate media at a depth of equal to or less...
The effects of ¹⁵N-labeled fertilizer applied to mature summer-bearing red raspberry (Rubus idaeus L.) plants were measured over two years. Four nitrogen (N) treatments were applied singularly at 0, 40, or 80 kg·ha⁻¹ of N in early spring (budbreak), or split with 40 kg·ha⁻¹ of N (unlabeled) applied at budbreak...
Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (Lib.) de Bary is a necrotrophic pathogen capable of causing white mold, a severe disease in common bean. White mold is of particular concern to the Oregon snap bean processing industry, where processors allow less than
3% incidence in harvested shipments. Breeding for white mold resistance in beans...
The advanced backcross-quatitative trait loci (AB-QTL) breeding method was employed on snap bean (OR 91G x PI433251B) and dry bean (M0162 x PI433251B) interspecific populations to transfer resistance QTL from resistant donor parent Phaseolus coccineus into P. vulgaris. For OR 91G x PI433251B, analyses produced nine linkage groups corresponding to...
A 0.4 ha planting of blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum L.) was established in Oct. 2006 to evaluate the effects of cultivar (Duke and Liberty), planting method (flat versus raised beds), weed management (sawdust mulch and hand-weed control; compost plus sawdust mulch with acetic acid, flaming, and hand-weeding used as needed; and...
Native plants provide many ecosystem services while also having great beauty and are a valuable component of the landscape. As use of these plants in habitat restoration, agricultural insectary plantings, and home landscapes increases so does demand for information on the basic biology of a group of species that have...
Weed management in sustainable farming systems often requires the integration of several different pest management techniques. Cultural, biological, and chemical pest control efforts can be utilized to contribute to the common goal of reducing weeds in vegetable row crop systems. This research addresses how common disturbances such as tillage and...
The bacterium Pseudomonas syringae affects different crops worldwide. In the
Willamette Valley of Oregon, P. syringae causes bacterial canker in sweet cherry,
severely limiting its production. High grafting of susceptible sweet cherry cultivars to
resistant rootstocks is practiced in the Willamette Valley to reduce incidence of this
disease. The research...
Five vineyard floor management treatments were evaluated in a young vineyard in western Oregon to better understand the effects on vine growth and nutrition, soil moisture dynamics, and weed control during 2009 and 2010. Treatments included two mulched treatments where mowed alleyway residue was transferred in-row at rates of 1x...
Morphology of Actinidia arguta (Sieb. et Zucc) Miq. 'Ananasnaya' vines was studied at two sites in Oregon in 1998 and one site in 1999. Three-year-old vines at site 1 and 8-year-old vines at site 2 were observed. Five types of fruiting wood were studied: spur; one-year-old from the cordon, from...
A series of field experiments conducted at the Lewis-Brown horticulture farm at Oregon
State University evaluated the performance of four preemergence herbicides in simulated
ornamental shrub beds. Two natural products, corn gluten meal (CGM) and
meadowfoam seedmeal (MFS), were used along with two synthetic products, prodiamine
purchased under the trade...
Water use restrictions are continuing to have an impact on the way turf is managed today and will be managed in the future. The objective of this research was to evaluate the irrigation requirements of ten newly established cool-season turfgrass species maintained under two different mowing height and nitrogen fertility...
A cultivar comparison study was conducted to identify similarities
and differences in cane characteristics between 2 primocane fruiting
red raspberry cultivars and to determine if the differences and
similarities can help determine cultural practices that may improve
productivity. The comparison of the cultivars 'Amity1 and 'August
Red' showed a difference...