Index Catalog // ScholarsArchive@OSU

Comprehensive Analysis of The Brain Metabolome Using Mass Spectrometry in Conjunction with Data Analysis Techniques

Creator:: Khorani, Mona
Abstract:: Metabolomics has recently gained momentum in biomolecule research and complements the genomics and proteomics research space. Metabolomics strives to detect, identify, and quantify all metabolites present in biological samples. In particular, biomolecular analysis using ultra-performance liquid chromatography combined with mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS) has become increasingly important for metabolomic analyses. Similarly,...
Resource Type:: Dissertation

Novel Charge Carriers for Aqueous Electrochemical Energy Storage

Creator:: Sandstrom, Sean K.
Abstract:: The continued long-term use of fossil fuels as a primary energy source has resulted in dramatic increases in greenhouse gas emissions and the associated concerns of climate change and environmental pollution. A key strategy to circumvent these issues is a global shift away from fossil fuels toward renewable energy sources....
Resource Type:: Dissertation

Electrochemical Reactions in Aqueous Batteries with Anionic Charge Carriers

Creator:: Gallagher, Trenton C.
Abstract:: In this dissertation, the primary objective is to discover more sustainable electrode materials and study new reaction mechanisms using aqueous electrolytes. The first study conducted reveals a reversible conversion reaction from copper to Cu2CO3(OH)2. The reaction mechanism uses OH- and CO32- as charge carriers at the cathode. The results open...
Resource Type:: Dissertation

Laser patterned porous-media microfluidic analytical devices : fabrication methods and applications in bioassays

Creator:: Sumantakul, Saichon
Abstract:: The concept of reducing laboratory operations into microfluidic devices has been an attractive area of research for several decades. Due to several advantages of porous-media microfluidic devices including low mass, portability, power-free fluid transport, and the ability to store dried reagents in the porous structures, these devices show great promise...
Resource Type:: Dissertation

New Approaches for Quantifying Target and Estimating Suspect PFAS in Complex Media

Creator:: Cao, Dunping
Abstract:: Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are a group of anthropogenic compounds that are used ubiquitously in different industrial fields. However, concerns regarding the potential health impacts of PFAS, including perfluoroalkyl carboxylic acids (PFCAs) and perfluoroalkyl sulfonates (PFSAs), has raised stakeholder interest regarding continued use of PFAS. Analytical methods for PFAS...
Resource Type:: Dissertation

A Pyrone Diels–Alder Approach to Substituted Indoles and Carbazoles and the Synthesis of New Ropinirole Analogues

Creator:: Points, Gary L., III
Abstract:: Aromatic heterocycles are core structural motifs in natural products, pharmaceuticals and biological polymers. Indoles, in particular, represent a significant subclass of aromatic heterocycles, both in terms of sheer numbers, but also in biological and pharmaceutical relevance. As such, new methodologies for the synthesis of indoles represent an important and continually...
Resource Type:: Dissertation

Computational Investigation into the Mechanisms and Origins of Selectivity in Selected Organic and Organometallic Chemical Processes

Creator:: Harper, Jordan L.
Abstract:: Put generally, the work I have conducted in my time at Oregon State University has been to answer two questions. The first of these is “Why do I get this particular product from this particular chemical reaction?” and the second is “How do the reagents in this chemical reaction lead...
Resource Type:: Dissertation

Total Synthesis of Aspidosperma Alkaloids Leuconoxine, Melodinine E and Mersicarpine and Synthetic Studies directed toward the Iboga Alkaloid Ibogaine: Progress directed toward the dimeric Cephalotaxus Alkaloid Cephalancetine C

Creator:: Kim, GilSoo
Abstract:: The first part of this manuscript is about the total synthesis of the aspidosperma alkaloids leuconoxine, melodinine E and mersicarpine. Our synthetic strategy used a radical translocation-conjugate addition cascade to construct the core of the natural product. Specifically, a vinyl radical was generated from the homolysis of the C–I bond...
Resource Type:: Dissertation

Stereocontrolled Synthesis of Allenes by Eliminative Cross-Coupling of Carbenoids

Creator:: Cao, Yang
Abstract:: The bimolecular reaction of two carbenoid species resulting in the formation of a carbon-carbon double bond (pi-system), referred to herein as carbenoid eliminative cross-coupling (CEXC), involves a series of three fundamental steps: (i) ate-complex formation (transmetalation), (ii) 1,2-metalate rearrangement, and (iii) beta-elimination. All three steps are stereospecific and so the...
Resource Type:: Dissertation

Bridging the Gap Between Equilibrium Properties and Ultrafast Dynamics with Time-Resolved Spectroscopy of Functional Systems

Creator:: Krueger, Taylor D.
Abstract:: Ultrafast spectroscopy has recently gained momentum as a powerful, noninvasive characterization toolset capable of studying a diverse array of samples with applications in chemistry, physics, biology, engineering, and more. Two popular ultrafast spectroscopic techniques include femtosecond transient absorption (fs-TA) and femtosecond stimulated Raman spectroscopy (FSRS). The latter of these techniques...
Resource Type:: Dissertation

Electrochemical Advancement of Solid State Ion Selective Electrodes

Creator:: Bahro, Christopher
Abstract:: The general theme of this dissertation is the development of new analytical sensors to quantitatively study biological and environmental samples in aqueous and non-aqueous environments. A platinum ultramicroelectrode (UME) and a unique carbon-based pH microprobe were used to design a new SECM-based electrochemical bioassay. The Pt UME was used to...
Resource Type:: Dissertation

Application of Density Functional Theory to Exploration of Reactions

Creator:: Feoktistova, Taisiia
Abstract:: My work has focused on using density functional theory to elucidate mechanisms of organocatalytic and transition metal catalyzed reactions by considering competing mechanisms. In each of the three presented studies computational investigation complemented experimental work by predicting stereoselectivity or revealing origins of stereo, regio, or chemoselectivity. A study on the...
Resource Type:: Dissertation

Polyoxoniobates: fundamental solubility trend and their application in solution and on the surface of thin films

Creator:: Rahman, Tasnim
Abstract:: Polyoxometalates (POMs) are anions consisting of three or more early transition metals ™ (Gr V and VI) oxoanions (in their highest oxidation state) linked together by a shared oxygen bond to form a 3D framework. Polyoxometalates (POMs) are a rapidly growing class of metal oxo clusters with a wide range...
Resource Type:: Dissertation

Capturing Molecular Movies of Organic and Organometallic Systems in Solution by Ultrafast Spectroscopy

Creator:: Boulanger, Sean A.
Abstract:: Ultrafast spectroscopy can exploit the structure-function relationship of chemical- and biological-based systems. More specifically, femtosecond stimulated Raman spectroscopy (FSRS) provides ground- and excited-state vibrational information with simultaneously high spectral (spatial) and temporal resolutions. The electronic counterpart, femtosecond transient absorption (fs-TA), complements FSRS data analysis as part of a comprehensive approach...
Resource Type:: Dissertation

Synthesis and Characterization of Novel Metal-Oxo Clusters as the Building Blocks in Nature and Synthesis

Creator:: Amiri, Mehran
Abstract:: Metal-oxo clusters can be described as soluble pieces of metal-oxide frameworks. Metal-oxo clusters are also the building blocks for the Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOFs) and coordination polymers. A better knowledge of metal-oxo clusters helps fundamentally understand geosciences, molecular engineering, catalysis, single-molecule magnetism, and MOFs for synthesis, design, and modification of these...
Resource Type:: Dissertation

Coulomb Explosion in Moderately Intense Nanosecond Laser Fields

Creator:: Yao, Yuzhong
Abstract:: In this dissertation, I present experimental observations of multiply charged atomic ions (MCAI) generated from interactions of atomic/molecular clusters with moderately intense nanosecond laser pulses. This process is also known as Coulomb explosion (CE) and it has been extensively studied in intense laser fields using ultrashort pulses. Several prevailing theories...
Resource Type:: Dissertation

Regioselective Synthesis of Substituted Phenols, Benzenes, Benzofuranones and Benzofurans and Synthesis of Homoharringtonine Analogs

Creator:: Zhang, Xiaojie
Abstract:: Substituted phenols are important substructures for pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, natural products and biological probe molecules. The properties of phenolic molecules are substantially influenced by the substitution patterns of the phenolic ring. The chemical synthesis of phenols with various substitution patterns is an enduring challenge and multiple strategies have emerged. However, some...
Resource Type:: Dissertation

Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS) in Environmental Air-Water Matrices and Light Non-Aqueous Phase Liquids (LNAPL)

Creator:: Schwichtenberg, Trever J.
Abstract:: The presence of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), organic contaminants first synthesized in the 1940s, has been reported worldwide in a variety of environmental matrices and ultimately in biological systems including humans. Ongoing research into PFAS has included identifying novel PFAS, assessing their fate and transport in the environment, and...
Resource Type:: Dissertation

Using Metal-Oxo Clusters to Expand Actinide Chemistry

Creator:: Colliard, Ian
Abstract:: A molecular approach to metal oxides allows to the study to fundamental bonding and formation behavior for such metals. Moreover, the molecular nature of such oxides or metal-oxo clusters allows the possibility of exploitation of the properties of the parent oxides. The tetravalent metals, in specific, (M=Zr, Hf, Ce, Th,...
Resource Type:: Dissertation

Storage Battery Chemistries with Earth Abundant Charge Carriers

Creator:: Hong, Jessica Junghwa
Abstract:: The demand for the development of sustainable energy is an all time high as we burn through limited fossil fuel reserves and as environmental concerns rise every year. Renewable energy sources such as wind and solar power have limitations due to inconsistent power supply that cannot meet the regular needs...
Resource Type:: Dissertation

Electron Diffraction of Neutral and Cationic Clusters Doped into Superfluid Helium Droplets

Creator:: Lei, Lei
Abstract:: In this dissertation, I describe the experimental investigation of electron diffraction of neutral and ionic clusters doped into superfluid helium droplets. The project is aimed at contributing to the development of an overall approach called ‘serial single molecule electron diffraction imaging (ss-EDI), a potential approach to solve macromolecule structures bypassing...
Resource Type:: Dissertation

Pushing the limits of graphite : the potential beyond conventional applications in aqueous dual-ion batteries

Creator:: Kim, Keun-il
Abstract:: The increase in the demand for energy is estimated to be 28 TW by a year of 2050, which is twice of the energy produced in 2010, in response to the unprecedented growth of the global population. Current energy market is heavily relying on the fossil fuel, which brings the...
Resource Type:: Dissertation

Electrolyte Design: Improving Capacity and Structural Stability of Electrodes

Creator:: Xu, Yunkai
Abstract:: The grand plan of carbon neutralization and COP26 in Glasgow require a quick shift of energy sources from conventional fossil fuel to a more renewable substitute such as wind, or solar energy. However, the intermittency of those renewable energy sources does not meet the demand of the energy, which requires...
Resource Type:: Dissertation

Precursor-directed Biosynthesis and Total Synthesis of Aniline-containing Natural Products from the Endophytic Fungus Chalara sp. 6661

Creator:: Khoshbakht, Mahsa
Abstract:: Chalaniline A, an unusual xanthone-like aminofulvene with modest cytotoxicity, and chalaniline B [1-anilino-2,8-dihydroxy-3-(hydroxymethyl)xanthone], an antibacterial aminoxanthone, were previously isolated by Loesgen and coworkers from vorinostat-treated Chalara sp. 6661. Of note, the anilino moiety found within both chalaniline structures originates from biotransformation of the HDAC inhibitor vorinostat (SAHA, suberanilohydroxamic acid) by...
Resource Type:: Dissertation

Hydrophobicity, Anion Exchange, and Phytoaccumulation of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS): Retention and Remediation

Creator:: Parker, Bethany A.
Abstract:: Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are a group of contaminants of great concern due to their toxicity and ubiquity in the environment. Remediation efforts historically have focused on granular activated carbon (GAC) because of its low maintenance and relatively low cost. However, GAC is not PFAS selective and is especially...
Resource Type:: Dissertation

Elucidating the Origins of Trends and Selectivities of Organic Reactions through Computations and Data Analysis Techniques

Creator:: Richardson, H. Camille
Abstract:: In this dissertation, a novel method for analyzing computed transition states (TS) for organic reactions is disclosed. It introduces the use of localization-delocalization matrices as parameters in a linear free energy relationship to determine the transition state interactions responsible for differences in energy between the major and minor TS in...
Resource Type:: Dissertation

Structure-property Relationships of Transition Metal Oxides Containing Precious Metals

Creator:: Hapuraja Pathirannehelage, Vidhara H. P.
Abstract:: This dissertation presents a study of structure-property relationships within 3d/4d metal oxides containing precious metals through detailed structure refinements using high-resolution neutron and X-ray diffraction data along with exploration of the resultant properties. Oxides of 4d or 5d transition metals tend to show new topological phases due to significant spin-orbit...
Resource Type:: Dissertation

Metabolomics in conjunction with computational methods for supporting biomedical research: to improve functional resilience in age-related disorders

Creator:: Vaswani, Ashish
Abstract:: Metabolomics and lipidomics lay the foundation of personalized medicine. The technological advancements in mass spectrometry techniques in combination with computational algorithms and methods have enabled the study of small molecules (metabolites and lipids) for understanding the disease state and biological pathways, the identification of biomarkers and the generation of predictive...
Resource Type:: Dissertation

Formation of hybrid supramolecular assemblies using biological molecules and transition metals

Creator:: Smith, Rachelle M. S.
Abstract:: Naturally occurring assemblies, such as DNA and proteins, utilize intermolecular forces (i.e H-bonding and van der Waals) to assemble. Utilizing these electrostatic interactions has only just started in the past five decades to be a tool used in synthetic chemistry in what is known as supramolecular chemistry. Supramolecular chemistry has...
Resource Type:: Dissertation

Revealing Ultrafast Dynamics and Functional Basis of Potential Biomedical Tools from Calcium Sensing to Optogenetics

Creator:: Tachibana, Sean R.
Abstract:: Photoactivated biomedical tools like fluorescent biosensors and optogenetic proteins have increased in popularity due to the precision targeting and activation used for in vivo applications. In nature, the initially discovered parent proteins exhibit properties such as fluorescence quantum yield (FQY), fluorescence color, and photoswitching dynamics that are unfavorable in mammalian...
Resource Type:: Dissertation

Unique Structural Properties and Motifs of Metal-Oxides from Solids to Clusters

Creator:: Malmberg, Christopher E.
Abstract:: In this dissertation, the structural properties, thermodynamics and defect behavior of amorphous metal oxides and polyoxometalates are studied. Amorphous metal oxides have many applications, most notably as a semiconducting material used as the active matrix of thin film transistors. Alas, the amorphous nature of these materials makes studying them rather...
Resource Type:: Dissertation

Development of Carbenoid Eliminative Cross-coupling for the Stereocontrolled Synthesis of Trisubstituted Alkenyl Moieties Within Styrenes and 1,3-Dienes

Creator:: Tanpure, Subhash D.
Abstract:: Traditional approaches for the direct preparation of alkenes are unable to fully control either the stereochemical configuration of the carbon-carbon double bond or else the regiochemistry of the substituents surrounding it. The recently introduced concept of carbenoid eliminative cross-coupling (CEXC) offers a remedy to these deficiencies by providing for a...
Resource Type:: Dissertation

Total Kinetic Energy Release in the Fast Neutron Induced Fission of 237Np

Creator:: Pica, Ashley
Abstract:: The total kinetic energy (TKE) in the fast neutron induced fission of 237Np was measured for neutron energies from En = 2.6 – 45.7 MeV at the LANSCE- WNR facility. The postTKE release decreases non-linearly with increasing incident neutron energy and can be represented as TKE(MeV) = (169.365 ± 1.551)...
Resource Type:: Dissertation

High-Energy Lithium-Sulfur Batteries and Non-Metallic Ion Aqueous Batteries: Integrating Experiment and Theoretical Modeling

Creator:: Shin, Woochul
Abstract:: Humanities have been craving more freedom and conveniences in whatever form. Carriages evolved to cars and ultimately to aircraft so that one can reach any place in the globe within a day. The mobile phone has enabled people to make a phone call without a need to find a phone...
Resource Type:: Dissertation

Designing Dielectric Materials through Complex Metal Oxides

Creator:: Nikkel, Jason W.
Abstract:: This dissertation demonstrated that the electrical properties of complex oxide-based perovskite materials could be controlled through the careful modification of both material composition and structure. This was first shown through the modification of lead zirconate titanate (Pb(Zr0.52Ti0.48)O3, PZT) solid solutions with bismuth indate (BiInO3, BI) where the relative stability of...
Resource Type:: Dissertation

Analytical Platform to Study Bacterial Metabolism and their Interactions with Biomaterials using SECM

Creator:: Sheet, Partha S.
Abstract:: The microbial communities play a crucial role in maintaining human health and cause diseases through very complex microbial chemical interactions. Therefore, these microbial communities have drawn much attention to the scientific communities. To elucidate these complex microbial communities and the chemical interactions within it, one or more isolated species of...
Resource Type:: Dissertation

Dynamics and Design of Green Fluorescent Protein-Inspired Superphotoacids and Red-Emitting Fluorophores with Transient Absorption and Femtosecond Stimulated Raman Spectroscopy

Creator:: Chen, Cheng
Abstract:: In the past decades, femtosecond stimulated Raman spectroscopy (FSRS) has been gaining tremendous popularity in fundamental sciences stemming from chemistry to biology. It is capable of capturing both equilibrium and non-equilibrium structural information across a broad range of timescales with simultaneously high temporal and spectral resolutions. Femtosecond transient absorption spectroscopy...
Resource Type:: Dissertation

Transition Metal Oxides for Aqueous Electrochemical Energy Storage

Creator:: Jiang, Heng
Abstract:: In the 21st century, environmental deterioration is now an indisputable fact. Reliable and economically viable electricity systems based on renewable sources are urgently needed to replace the environmentally detrimental fossil fuels. The feasibility of incorporating renewable-but-intermittent solar and wind energy heavily depends on the development of cost-effective and safe technologies,...
Resource Type:: Dissertation

Insights and Patterns from Quantitative and Statistical Analyses of Chemical Systems

Creator:: Grove, Markas Albert
Abstract:: The work presented here is the culmination of efforts in describing complex chemical systems with statistical methods, thereby providing relatively simple quantitative models and easily comprehensible qualitative insights. The following investigations have various goals, such as development of new methods, fundamental understanding, molecular control of chemical species, and advancement of...
Resource Type:: Dissertation

Uranyl Peroxide Cluster Formation Pathway and the Role of the Alkali Counterion

Creator:: Arteaga, Ana
Abstract:: Uranyl peroxide clusters are the newest family of polyoxometalates, discovered in 2015. Although this family is new, over 70 topologies have been reported. However, we lack the fundamental understanding of assembly mechanisms, particularly the role of the alkali countercations. Here, we use a wide range of solution and solid-state characterization...
Resource Type:: Dissertation

New Graphite Intercalation Chemistry with Alkaline Earth Metals

Creator:: Xu, Wei
Abstract:: Novel graphite intercalation compounds (GICs) and associated chemistry have been explored, specifically: (1) containing alkyl- substituted imidazolium cations; (2) a series containing alkaline earth metal (Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba) cations with ethylenediamine (en) co-intercalates; (3) showing reversible intragallery M-M bonding and (4) via electrochemical intercalation of Mg cations with potential...
Resource Type:: Dissertation

Solvent Extraction Behavior of Mixed N, O-Donor Ligands for Separation of Trivalent f-Elements

Creator:: Karslyan, Yana
Abstract:: Nowadays selective separation processes are sought after more than ever before. They are indispensable to meet the growing demand for individual rare earth elements, minor actinides partitioned from fission-produced lanthanides, as well as, overall, more concentrated and high-purity products. This research focuses on such separation techniques as solvent extraction which...
Resource Type:: Dissertation

The Local Structure of Functional Electroceramics

Creator:: Culbertson, Charles M.
Abstract:: This work investigates the relationship between the local structure and physical properties of a set of classical (MgTiO3, CaTiO3, SrTiO3, and BaTiO3) and complex ((1-x)Ba(Zr0.2Ti0.8)O3-x(Ba0.7Ca0.3)TiO3[BZT-BCT], Na0.5Bi0.5TiO3 [NBT]) perovskite electroceramics. The materials in this work were synthesized via standard solid state ceramic synthesis, the structure was investigated through a number of...
Resource Type:: Dissertation

Gene Expression, Structure Elucidation, and Bioactivity of Aspergillus Natural Products

Creator:: Neuhaus, George F.
Abstract:: The study of natural products (NPs) and their application has shaped humanity. Starting with the idea of using plants as medicine, it has now grown into the science of purifying and identifying organic molecules from nature to study their inherent biological activities. Understanding the molecular structures of NPs is the...
Resource Type:: Dissertation

Designing Functional Materials Based on Pyrochlore Oxides: The Role of Mixed Valence and Complex Stoichiometry

Creator:: Converse, Elizabeth Maria Sobalvarro
Abstract:: Solid state inorganic oxides play an important role in next generation electronics based on their stability, versatility, and enhanced properties over other materials. However, in order to design or tune these materials for a desired functionality it is necessary to fully understand the structure behind the properties exhibited. This dissertation...
Resource Type:: Dissertation

Cation Substitution Effects in Complex Transition Metal Oxides

Creator:: Duell, Brett A.
Abstract:: Understanding structural evolution in solids as composition changes is essential to materials properties prediction. Such structure-properties relationships are the theme of solid state chemistry. Materials scientists and chemists have utilized an abundance of simple crystal structures to enhance understanding of chemical and structural origins of properties in materials for decades....
Resource Type:: Dissertation

Synthesis and Characterization of Alkylammonium Salts of Butyltin-Polyoxotungstates for Thin Film Functionalization

Creator:: Olsen, Morgan R.
Abstract:: Metal-oxo clusters are discrete, soluble pieces of bulk metal oxide. Cluster size, monodispersity, and chemical properties allow for potential use as solution-based precursors for functional metal oxide films. Classical monoalkyltin-oxo clusters are either charge neutral or stabilized by anions. The structure of Cs₄.₅H₂.₅[(BuSn)₃(α-SiW₉O₃₇)]*2H₂O enables its use in established ion exchange...
Resource Type:: Dissertation

Chemistry of High-Resolution Organotin Patterning Materials

Creator:: Kenane, Nizan
Abstract:: Organotin clusters have attracted notable attention for use as inorganic photoresists. This dissertation discerns dimeric and dodecameric organotin clusters, [(n-C₄H₉Sn)(OH)(H₂O)Cl₂]₂ (Sn₂) and [(n-C₄H₉Sn)₁₂O₁₄ (OH)₆ ]+ (Sn₁₂), both of which are stable hydrolysis and condensation products of n-C₄H₉SnCl₃. This work identifies Sn₂ as a superior precursor choice for solution deposition of...
Resource Type:: Dissertation

Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFASs): Consumer Products, Protocols, and Percutaneous Absorption

Creator:: Rewerts, Justin N.
Abstract:: Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are a group of anthropogenic compounds gaining notoriety as contaminants of emerging concern. With the frequent detection of PFAS in the environment, drinking water, and consumer products, awareness and concern from the public regarding PFAS is increasing. The two most notorious PFAS are perfluorooctanoate (PFOA)...
Resource Type:: Dissertation

Synthesis and Solution Characterization of Metal-Oxo Photoresist Precursors

Creator:: Hutchison, Danielle C.
Abstract:: Metal-oxo clusters can be described as soluble pieces of metal-oxide frameworks. Currently, metal-oxo clusters are being considered as solution-based precursors for extreme ultraviolet (EUV, 13.5 nm) photoresist materials, which are a crucial component in the fabrication of microelectronic devices. Two different photoresist precursor systems have been investigated – alkyltin clusters...
Resource Type:: Dissertation

Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Atmospheric Fine Particulate Matter: Beyond the Priority Pollutant List

Creator:: Kramer, Amber L.
Abstract:: Atmospheric fine particulate matter (PM2.5) has been linked to the death of 7 million people per year around the planet. The organic portion of PM2.5 is responsible for increases in oxidative stress, inflammation, mutation and carcinogenesis. Anthropogenic activity releases more organic material into the atmosphere, and has increased the amount...
Resource Type:: Dissertation

Drug Discovery from Diverse Bacteria – Bioactivity-guided Isolation of Known and New Metabolites

Creator:: Zhu, Chenxi
Abstract:: Exploring bioactive natural products has contributed largely to clinically approved drugs we have been using over the last 100 years. Especially among the anti-infective drugs, around 70% of currently used antibiotics were discovered or derived from microbial secondary metabolites, among them compounds like vancomycin, chloramphenicol, and erythromycin. Facing the unavoidable...
Resource Type:: Dissertation

Structural Elucidation of Metal-Oxo Systems by X-Ray Scattering Methods

Creator:: Kozma, Karoly
Abstract:: Metal-oxo clusters are discrete molecular metal-oxides. Most metals form numerous cluster compounds that can be ligated, unligated, charged or neutral, controlling their solubility in water and/or organic solvents. They are important species to study reaction pathways from the monomeric building units to the bulk metal oxides, and have many application...
Resource Type:: Dissertation

Electrochemical Micro-sensors for Probing Bacterial Metabolic Behavior with Scanning Electrochemical Microscopy

Creator:: Jayathilake, Nadeeshani M.
Abstract:: Dental plaque is one of the well-characterized biofilms in the human body. Oral bacterial species play vital roles in maintaining healthy bacterial homeostasis as well as causing oral infections. Many of the oral diseases are caused by opportunistic pathogens, and therefore, the bacterial metabolic activities become important in dictating their...
Resource Type:: Dissertation

Part I: Total Syntheses of Mandelalide A and Isomandelalide A. Part II: Role of π-Stacking on Sharpless Dihydroxylation of cis-Enynes: Synthetic Studies Toward All Carbon Macrocyclic Mandelalide B

Creator:: Ghosh, Ankan
Abstract:: Part I of this dissertation includes the chronological synthetic background of mandelalide A as well as the synthesis of the C1-C14 glycosylated southern subunit of mandelalide. A key aspect of the synthesis includes a novel silver-catalyzed cyclization (AgCC) of a propargylic benzoate to construct the substituted cis-pyran ring system present...
Resource Type:: Dissertation

New Treatments for HIV and Cancer: Uncovering Bioactive Compounds from Small Molecule Sources

Creator:: Overacker, Ross D.
Abstract:: Small molecule drugs have been instrumental in our fight against diseases, beginning when some of the earliest ancient cultures used plant remedies to treat illnesses. More recently, the skill of isolating and characterizing the active ingredients within bioactive plants and microbial extracts has led to the isolation and design of...
Resource Type:: Dissertation

Total Synthesis of Cephalotaxus Alkaloids and Synthetic Studies toward Bazzanin K

Creator:: Ju, Xuan
Abstract:: Dearomatization reactions exist broadly in biosynthesis and chemical synthesis. The highly functionalized atoms of arenes can be masked by it aromaticity, and upon dearomatization, those reactive atoms can be readily applied to bond formation and further manipulation. The total synthesis of (–)-cephalotaxine and (–)- homoharringtonine is described via an oxidative...
Resource Type:: Dissertation

Part I: Synthetic Studies Toward Mandelalide A and Madeirolide A; Part II: Synthesis of Mandelalide/Madeirolide Hybrid Structures

Creator:: Li, Jinming
Abstract:: Mandelalide A has attracted considerable interest from the synthetic community due to its intriguing structure and important cytotoxic activity. Madeirolide A, a structurally related macrolide, shows promising antifungal activity but no appreciable anticancer activity. This dissertation describes synthetic studies toward mandelalide A, madeirolide A and their hybrid structures. Part I...
Resource Type:: Dissertation

Gold Nanostars: Spectroscopic and Physical Properties

Creator:: Zhou, Lixia
Abstract:: Tethering fluorophores on metal nanoparticles for metal enhanced fluorescence (MEF) has attracted a lot of attention from scientists interested in fluorescence based approaches. MEF has many benefits in fluorescence related techniques, because the analytical signal increases and enables potentially lower detection limits or better sensitivity. Many types of nanoparticles have...
Resource Type:: Dissertation

Comprehensive, Low-Cost Wicking Microfluidic Analytical Devices for Clinical Diagnostics and Environmental Analysis

Creator:: Bandara, Gayan C.
Abstract:: Analytical techniques are utilized in a wide variety of applications. Traditionally, analytical measurements are achieved by trained personnel in a laboratory setting using expensive scientific instruments, which limits their applicability in resource-limited areas and point-of-care applications. Therefore, the concept of enabling these laboratory-based qualitative and quantitative assays in microfluidic device...
Resource Type:: Dissertation

Strategic Application of Computations to Diverse Chemical Systems

Creator:: Brueckner, Alexander C.
Abstract:: My work has focused on streamlining the study of organic compound structure, properties, and reactions by 1) understanding and using available computational software, 2) developing software packages to facilitate data manipulation as well as augment public programs, and 3) applying public and in-house developed software to further the understanding of...
Resource Type:: Dissertation

Expediting the Generation and Analysis of Amorphous Oxide Computational Models: Modeling Complex Systems Swiftly

Creator:: Buchanan, Jacob C.
Abstract:: In this dissertation, the process of computational modeling of amorphous oxide materials is studied. Amorphous oxides have random atomic arrangements with no long-range structural order which makes it difficult to study structure-property relationships. Despite the difficulties, amorphous oxides have great uses as semiconductors and dielectrics in thin-film transistors. The ability...
Resource Type:: Dissertation

Properties of Large Superfluid Helium Droplets

Creator:: Alghamdi, Maha
Abstract:: In this dissertation, I describe the experimental investigation of large superfluid helium droplets. The goal and direction of this thesis is to facilitate the use of these droplets as part of our project ss-EDI. The overall scheme of ss-EDI is to dope proteins inside helium droplets and collect a diffraction...
Resource Type:: Dissertation

Enigmatic Quantum Materials: Novel Spin-Orbit Coupled 4d/5d Metal Oxides and Intermetallics

Creator:: Wallace, Maxwell K.
Resource Type:: Dissertation

Part I: Synthetic Studies toward C10-functionalized Lycopodium Alkaloids. Part II: Exploration of the Pummerer Cyclization and Its Application to the Total Syntheses of the Abietane Diterpenoids

Creator:: Li, Xin
Abstract:: This dissertation is separated into two parts according to the two major distinct research projects. In Part I, the full account of synthetic studies toward C10-functionalized lycopodium alkaloids is described. In Part II, the detailed discussion on the exploration of the Pummerer cyclization methodology and its application to the total...
Resource Type:: Dissertation

Studies of Structurally Complex Thin Film Oxides for Electronic Materials

Creator:: Fast, Dylan Braucht
Abstract:: In this dissertation, the structure and electronic properties of multiple metal oxide thin films are characterized and presented. Prompt inorganic condensation (PIC) of metal-oxo and –hydroxo clusters was evaluated as a technique for making metal oxide clusters in two separate studies. The first focuses on the synthesis of lithium niobate...
Resource Type:: Dissertation

Substitutional Effects on the Electromechanical Properties of Lead-free, Piezoelectric (Na₀.₅Bi₀.₅)TiO₃-BaTiO₃ (NBT-BT)

Creator:: McQuade, Ryan R.
Abstract:: This work investigates the effect of cation substitution on the properties of the lead-free, solid solution (Na₀.₅Bi₀.₅)TiO₃-BaTiO₃ (NBT-BT). Substitution into NBT-BT increases disorder and increases the relaxor ferroelectric properties. These relaxor ferroelectric materials show large piezoelectric strains that can be utilized in actuator applications. Ceramic samples were prepared using standard...
Resource Type:: Dissertation

Unlocking Water's Potential for Energy Storage: Abundant Materials for a Ubiquitous Problem

Creator:: Leonard, Daniel P.
Abstract:: Water is an absolute necessity for life as we know it. It provides a useful medium in which chemical reactions take place that allowed for the development of single cellular organisms. When combined with the evolutionary accident that was pho- tosynthesis, water became not only a useful medium chemical reactions,...
Resource Type:: Dissertation

Exploratory Studies Within the Exotic Lyonsite Structure

Creator:: Tang, Joseph N.
Abstract:: Structure-property relationships have always underpinned the field of solid state chemistry; dependable structural descriptions are integral to understanding and controlling the physical properties of inorganic compounds old and new. While a handful of crystal structures are celebrated for their versatility, flexibility, and functionality, the existence of more exotic structures is...
Resource Type:: Dissertation

Advanced Mass Spectrometry Techniques for Characterizations of Proteome and Lipidome Profiles of Osteosarcoma Cells

Creator:: Song, Zifeng
Abstract:: Mass Spectrometry has emerged as an analytical core technique in omics sciences, in particularly mass spectrometry has advanced the fields of proteomics, metabolomics and lipidomics in recent years. Mass spectrometric techniques have enabled the characterization and determination of abundance levels of a wide range of biomolecules at molecular and system-wide...
Resource Type:: Dissertation

Innovative Bioanalytical Tools & Methods for Combinatorial Non-Coding RNA Analysis

Creator:: Zhang, Lulu
Abstract:: Recently researchers have discovered that groups of small non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) play regulatory roles in gene expression and participate in various biological processes. For example, pathogenesis of many diseases, cell cycle regulation, and signaling pathways. Intracellular and live cell imaging of small ncRNA groups will reveal their relative expression levels...
Resource Type:: Dissertation

Synthetic Studies towards Highly Oxygenated Furanyl Diterpenoids

Creator:: Goswami, Subir
Abstract:: The furanyl diterpenoid family of natural products has drawn the attention of both synthetic organic chemists and pharmacologists due to their complex structural architectures and diverse biological activity. Among them, wortmannin has been most extensively studied for biological activities. All these furanyl diterpenoids consist of a highly strained naptha[1,8-bc]furan core,...
Resource Type:: Dissertation

Strategies for the Synthesis of Nitrogeous Compounds : Aminal Radical Reaction and Pyridinium Oxide Cycloadditions

Creator:: Lu, Yi
Abstract:: Pharmaceuticals, molecular catalysts, and secondary metabolites often contain nitrogen. The problems faced synthesizing compounds which contain nitrogen was because of the Lewis base reactivity of nitrogen lone pairs, and the acidic protons of some nitrogenous functional groups. We developed two methods for the synthesis of nitrogeous compounds. Additionally, we successfully...
Resource Type:: Dissertation

Fundamental Studies of the Structure-Property Correlations of Na-ion and K-ion Storage in Non-Graphitic Carbon

Creator:: Li, Zhifei
Abstract:: Grid-scale energy storage systems are urgently needed to increase the flexibility and rigidity of the grid for modern society and take full advantage of the renewable green energy resources such as solar energy and wind energy. Na-ion batteries (NIBs) and K-ion batteries (KIBs) have been emerged as one of the...
Resource Type:: Dissertation

Organic Crystalline Solids : Investigating their Capability, Storage Mechanism and Structural Evolution in Dual-Ion Batteries

Creator:: Rodríguez Pérez, Ismael A.
Abstract:: Widespread installation of renewable energy sources, such as wind and solar, has been delayed by the lack of suitable stationary energy storage solutions. Current large-scale technologies, such as pumped hydro and compressed air, are geographically restricted. This is where electrochemical energy storage - batteries or hybrid capacitors can play a...
Resource Type:: Dissertation

Organic/Inorganic Hybrid Materials of Uranyl Peroxide Clusters and Uranium Minerals

Creator:: Neal, Harrison A.
Abstract:: Frontier research of non-aqueous actinide clusters is discussed. Since the inception of the uranyl peroxide clusters over the last decade, they have only been synthesized and characterized as solid crystals and in aqueous solution. This thesis provides thorough characterization of aqueous uranyl clusters and the first demonstration of uranyl cluster...
Resource Type:: Dissertation

Computational Rationalizations of Mechanism and Stereocontrol in Small-Molecule Lewis Base Organocatalysis

Creator:: McCauley-Walden, Daniel W.
Abstract:: My work has focused on investigating synthetic organic reactions using applied computational methods. Non-covalent interactions are critical to catalysis, mechanism, and stereoselectivity, with the most prominent interaction for isothioureas being the S···O contact between the catalyst sulfur atom and the oxygen of the acyl group. A comprehensive joint experimental and...
Resource Type:: Dissertation

Gene Activation Strategies in Filamentous Fungi for Natural Products Discovery

Creator:: Adpressa, Donovon A.
Abstract:: Fungi have long been a prolific source of clinically approved drugs. The antibiotic penicillin, the cholesterol lowering statins, and the immunosuppressant cyclosporine have changed the treatment of human diseases in the last century. Recently, genome analysis of filamentous fungi has revealed that the biosynthetic potential for natural product expression is...
Resource Type:: Dissertation

Survival Mediated Capture and Fusion Cross Sections for Heavy Element Synthesis

Creator:: Yao, Liangyu
Abstract:: The synthesis of superheavy element evaporation residues is described by the product of the capture cross section, fusion probability, and survival probability. Capture cross sections are moderately well known. The fusion probability is the least known with many uncertainties. The formalism for the survival probability is known, but the parameters...
Resource Type:: Dissertation

Structure-Property Relationships of Disordered Electronic Materials : From Crystalline to Amorphous

Creator:: Surta, Todd Wesley, Jr.
Abstract:: Two perovskite materials (Bi0.5(A)0.5)(Sc0.5Nb0.5)O3, where A = K+ and Na+ were synthesized phase pure for the first time. Their structures were determined by indexing synchrotron X-ray diffraction data and subsequent combined Rietveld refinement on neutron and synchrotron X-ray diffraction data revealing significant disorder on the A-sites of these materials. A...
Resource Type:: Dissertation

Development of Carbon-based Ion Selective Microsensors as Scanning Electrochemical Microscopy (SECM) Probes

Creator:: Ummadi, Jyothir Ganeshwar Reddy
Abstract:: The general theme of this dissertation is the application of novel carbon based micro sensors with the scanning electrochemical microscopy (SECM). SECM allows positioning of the probe without touching the substrate while mapping the chemical parameters in 3D space above the substrate. The main focus of the dissertation is the...
Resource Type:: Dissertation

Exploring the Iron Keggin Ion as a Prenucleation Cluster for Iron Oxide Nanoparticles Formation

Creator:: Sadeghihosseinabadi, Omid
Abstract:: Iron oxide materials including ferrihydrite and magnetite play essential roles in contaminant transport, pH control of surface and groundwater, and microbial activity. They have various applications ranging from data storage to cancer therapy. Recent studies showed that the NPs growth does not involve atom by atom nucleation but starts by...
Resource Type:: Dissertation

The Total Kinetic Energy Release in the Fast Neutron-induced Fission of ²³²Th

Creator:: King, Jonathan W.
Abstract:: The post-emission total kinetic energy release (TKE) in the neutron induced fission of ²³²Th was measured (using white spectrum neutrons from LANSCE) for neutron energies from En = 3 to 91 MeV. In this energy range the average post-neutron total kinetic energy release decreases from 162.3 ± 0.3 at En...
Resource Type:: Dissertation

Tuning Functional Properties of Pyrochlore and Related Oxides via Cation and Anion Substitutions

Creator:: Giampaoli, Gabriella C. S.
Abstract:: Inorganic structures play an important role in materials due to their versatility and diversity. A complete understanding of the structure of a material is vital to enhance the creation of new materials that fill voids in research. The rational design of these compounds is driven by the exploitation of structure-property...
Resource Type:: Dissertation

Probing Aqueous Ion-Pairing and Speciation of Group V Polyoxometalates

Creator:: Sures, Dylan J.
Abstract:: Polyoxometalates are discrete anionic oxo clusters of the Group V and VI transition metals that can be conceptualized as molecular metal oxides. Because they are pairable with any alkali cation, a great deal of fundamental chemistry can be gleaned from their study, including solubility trends and insight into cation binding...
Resource Type:: Dissertation

Tracking Photoinduced Primary Events with Femtosecond Stimulated Raman Spectroscopy and Calculations

Creator:: Wang, Yanli
Abstract:: Femtosecond stimulated Raman spectroscopy (FSRS) is a powerful ultrafast technique which can track photoinduced excited state structural events on femtosecond (fs) to picosecond (ps) timescales. In addition to high temporal and spectral resolutions, FSRS provides a broad spectral window from ca. 100—2000 cm-1 for detection, enabling the direct mapping of...
Resource Type:: Dissertation

Development and Application of Mass Spectrometry-driven Methods for the Detection and Characterization of Biomolecular Signatures of Diseases

Creator:: Zandkarimi, Fereshteh
Abstract:: State-of-the-art, high-resolution mass spectrometry techniques for acquisition of metabolomic and lipidomic data coupled with advanced computational methods provide new opportunities for interpreting large and complex datasets and comprehending the underlying biological processes of diseases. Both metabolomics and lipidomics strive to obtain comprehensive analyses of small molecules, i.e., metabolites and lipids,...
Resource Type:: Dissertation

Metal-oxo Clusters as Novel Photolithographic Materials: How Understanding the Chemistry of HafSOx Informs Next-Generation Patterning Systems

Creator:: Amador, Jenn M.
Abstract:: The solution chemistry and kinetic behavior of hafnium peroxy sulfate solutions ("HafSOx") is described in terms of peroxide content and solution speciation. Additionally, thin film behavior, including thermal behavior and solubility, is characterized, and a mechanism of patterning is presented, as well as parameters that should be considered when looking...
Resource Type:: Dissertation

Tracking Excited State Proton Transfer and Inhibition with Ultrafast Raman and Transient Absorption Spectroscopy

Creator:: Oscar, Breland G.
Abstract:: In this dissertation, excited state proton transfer (ESPT) and its inhibition in solution and protein environments are revealed using both femtosecond transient absorption (fs-TA) spectroscopy and femtosecond stimulated Raman spectroscopy (FSRS). Using a tunable Raman pump to enhance transient vibrational features of the photoacidic chromophore HPTS in methanol and methanol...
Resource Type:: Dissertation

New Graphite Intercalation Chemistry with Ethers and Amines

Creator:: Zhang, Hanyang
Abstract:: Novel donor-typed ternary graphite intercalation compounds (GICs) are synthesized and characterized containing (1) pyrrolidinium cations with DMSO co-intercalates; (2) alkali metal cations with crown ether co-intercalates; and (3) alkali metal cations with polyethylene glycol co-intercalates. Structural and compositional data are obtained for the stable products. A new ether-amine co-intercalate exchange...
Resource Type:: Dissertation

Total Synthesis of Tryptamine Alkaloids from the Arundo and Leuconotis Genera

Creator:: Ferreira, Andrew
Abstract:: The first part of this manuscript is about the total synthesis of the Arundo donax bis(indole) natural products. The A. donax alkaloids were prepared using the first example of an ynindole Diels–Alder reaction. Each were then separated, isolated, and determined to have stable enantiomeric conformations at room temperature (Chen, J.;...
Resource Type:: Dissertation

Femtosecond Stimulated Raman Studies of Excited State Structural Events

Creator:: Tang, Longteng
Abstract:: Femtosecond stimulated Raman spectroscopy (FSRS) is an ultrafast vibrational technique which allows rapid collection of Raman spectra with simultaneously high temporal and spectral resolution. With the recent development of FSRS methodology, three FSRS techniques (conventional, tunable, and anti-Stokes) have been implemented in our laboratory to dissect the excited state structural...
Resource Type:: Dissertation

Pactamycin Inspired Drug Discovery: A Synthetic and Chemoenzymatic Approach

Creator:: Brumsted, Corey J.
Abstract:: Pactamycin, first reported in 1962, is a potent antitumor antibiotic produced by the soil bacterium Streptomyces pactum. Structurally, it contains a cyclopentitol core unit, a 3-aminoacetophenone (3AAP), a 6-methylsalicylic acid (6-MSA), and a N,N-dimethyl urea. The aminocyclopentitol ring is derived from glucose, possibly via N-acetyl glucosamine (GlcNAc), the 3-aminoacetophenone (3AAP)...
Resource Type:: Dissertation

Prediction and Measurement of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) Transformation Products in the Environment.

Creator:: Titaley, Ivan A.
Abstract:: Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are a group of environmental contaminants consisting of fused benzene rings. Parent-PAHs, methylated-PAHs (MPAHs), and PAHs with molecular weight of 302 a.m.u (MW302-PAHs) are considered as unsubstituted-PAHs. These unsubstituted-PAHs undergo transformation reactions resulting in the formation of PAH-transformation products (PAH-TPs), or substituted-PAHs, including nitrated-, oxygenated-, and...
Resource Type:: Dissertation

Computational Investigations of Transition Metal Catalyses and Amorphous Metal Oxides : Accelerating Scientific Discovery Through Automation

Creator:: Mustard, Thomas J. L.
Abstract:: Automation of computational chemistry, while only an engineering feat, has the potential to accelerating computational research be removing all by the science. The work in this thesis mainly discusses fundamental understanding of complex chemical systems. What is not obvious are the numerous tasks necessary for this fundamental understanding. Under the...
Resource Type:: Dissertation

[Lambda hyperon]-((R)-cysteinesulfenamido-N,S) bis (ethylenediamine) cobalt(III) complex : Characterization of the complex and kinetics and mechanism of formation and base-catalyzed decomposition

Creator:: Sanguanruang, Oravan
Resource Type:: Dissertation

On the Properties and Characteristics of Solution Processed Hafnium Based Thin-Films from Aqueous Precursors

Creator:: Decker, Shawn R.
Abstract:: Aqueous hydroxo Hf nanoclusters enable studies to identify and codify steps in the deposition of Hf-based oxide thin films from solution precursors. HfOCl2 reacts with combinations of H2O2(aq), acids, and TMAH to produce polymetal species at high pH and low pH. X-ray scattering and spectroscopic methods reveal the nature of...
Resource Type:: Dissertation

Aqueous niobium chemistry at low pH : new precursors for oxide thin films

Creator:: Park, Deok-Hie
Abstract:: Phosphate and peroxide stabilize new oxo-hydroxo niobium clusters in water at low pH. The clusters open a new chapter in aqueous niobium chemistry under acidic conditions. The clusters also produce atomically smooth, amorphous niobium oxide phosphate (NbPOx) thin films. Reaction pathways from cluster solutions to amorphous niobium oxide phosphate solids...
Resource Type:: Dissertation

Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFASs) and Aqueous Film-Forming Foam Impacted Sites : New PFAS Discovery and Sorption of Anionic, Zwitterionic, and Cationic PFASs

Creator:: Barzen-Hanson, Krista A.
Abstract:: Public attention and concern about per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) are increasing due to detection of PFASs in drinking water supplies, the environment, including remote locations, and wildlife and to the lowering of the federal health advisory levels of perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) and perfluorooctanoate (PFOA) in drinking water. Aqueous film-forming...
Resource Type:: Dissertation

Using Computational Studies to Characterize Aqueous Metal Clusters : From Spectroscopy to Stability

Creator:: Wills, Lindsay A.
Abstract:: In this dissertation, the spectroscopic properties and thermodynamic stability of a class of materials known as metal oxo and hydroxo clusters are studied. In aqueous solutions, many metals can aggregate into discrete clusters of metals bridged by oxo or hydroxo ligands. These clusters are of particular interest to us for...
Resource Type:: Dissertation

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