Continuous records of upper water column (0–150 m) temperature profiles, spectral distribution of downwelling irradiance, and phytoplankton solar-induced fluorescence at 25 m depth were obtained during the inaugural deployment of the Hawaii Air-sea Logging Experiment, A Long-term Oligotrophic Habitat Assessment (HALE ALOHA) mooring, near the Hawaii Ocean Time-series (HOT) Station...
We present a decade-long (1981–1990) high-resolution (subseasonal) record of Pb and Cd concentrations and Pb isotopic composition in a series of 119 snow samples from a 6-m snow pit at Summit, Greenland. Both metals show order of magnitude seasonal variability, with maxima in spring of every year, coinciding with sulfate...
PURPOSE: To determine physical, plankton and nutrient/chemical conditions over the continental margin for climate change studies in NE Pacific. In particular, to make CTD and CTD/rosette and net tow stations along 5 lines (off Newport, Heceta Head, Coos Bay, the Rogue River and Crescent City, OR, to deploy drifters at...
The role of resonant wind forcing in the ocean boundary layer was examined using an ocean large-eddy simulation (LES) model. The model simulates turbulent flow in a box, measuring ~100–300 m on a side, whose top coincides with the ocean surface. Horizontal boundary conditions are periodic, and time-dependent wind forcing...
Measurements of near-surface winds by the NASA scatterometer (NSCAT) from October 1996 through June 1997 are analyzed to investigate the three major wind jets along the Pacific coast of Central America that blow over the Gulfs of Tehuantepec, Papagayo, and Panama. Each jet is easily identifiable as locally intense offshore...
A new density variable, empirically corrected for pressure, is constructed. This is done by first fitting compressibility (or sound speed) computed from global ocean datasets to an empirical function of pressure and in situ density (or specific volume). Then, by replacing true compressibility by this best-fit virtual compressibility in the...
Turbulence resulting from Kelvin–Helmholtz instability in layers of localized stratification and shear is studied by means of direct numerical simulation. Our objective is to present a comprehensive description of the turbulence evolution in terms of simple, conceptual pictures of shear–buoyancy interaction that have been developed previously based on assumptions of...
The Lamprey Eel Decline project conducted by the Confederated Tribes of Siletz Indians (CTSI) combined traditional ecological knowledge, scientific research and geographic information science. CTSI wanted to learn why the Pacific lamprey (Lampetra tridentata), a culturally and ecologically important species, was declining in the streams within their native land area....
A variety of general circulation model experiments are performed to investigate the influence of seasonality and topography on the strength of baroclinic eddies in the Martian atmosphere. Three different models are used: a full physics model, a simplified physics model, and a zonally symmetric simplified physics model. All three models...
This investigation is an exploration of the use of inherent optical properties towards further elucidation of coastal circulation processes occurring on the continental shelf and slope in the Middle Atlantic Bight, south of Cape Cod Massachusetts, during 14-Aug to 1-Sep 1996 and 25-Apr to 15-May 1997. Assessing the possibility of...
By implementing a series of mass-conserving nested high-resolution models down to approximately 1 km resolution that have realistic bathymetry, coastline, wind forcing and river run-off, the winter 1996-1997 shelf flow near Cape Mendocino, California, is simulated and compared with available observations from the Strata Formation on Margins (STRATAFORM) marine geology...
This study was part of the Antarctic Environment and Southern Ocean Study (AESOPS) program, whose main goal was to investigate the role of the biota in the carbon flux from the atmosphere to the interior of the ocean. We quantified the abundance of the major phytoplankton classes and examined the...
The influence of nitrate availability and irradiance on phytoplankton natural fluorescence was investigated in laboratory cultures of the marine diatom Thalassiosira weissflogii (Bacillariophyceae). Two cultures of phytoplankton, differing only in the nitrate-limited growth rate, were compared to learn how increases in irradiance influences natural fluorescence. Instrumentation was developed for these...
This thesis investigates lithogenic sediments on the Siberian Arctic shelf, their sources, modes of dispersal, transport pathways and post-depositional diagenetic alteration. Working with cores collected from the Chukchi, East Siberian and Laptev Seas, we characterize surface-sediment elemental chemistry and clay mineralogy. We identify five regions with endmember sedimentary compositions. Comparing...
Precise in situ measurement of the spectral absorption and scattering coefficients in several regions has revealed patterns in the distribution of the inherent optical properties on spatial scales that were previously unobtainable. The precision of the measurements was found to be consistent and unbiased across a variety of oceanic regimes...
Planktonic foraminiferal faunal assemblages were used to estimate sea-surface temperatures (SST) in the southeast Pacific Ocean during the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) and off the coast of Peru over the last 150,000 years. Temperatures along the eastern boundary of South America were 6-8° C cooler during the LGM than at...
Satellite measurements of sea-surface temperature (SST) by the TRMM Microwave Imager reveal previously unreported features of tropical instability waves (TIWs). In the Pacific, TIW-related variability is observed from the eastern boundary to at least 160°E. Cusp-shaped distortions of SST fronts and associated trains of anticyclonic vortices both north and south...
This data report includes documentation of the Coastal Mixing and Optics (CMO) Experiment inherent optical property surveys on the continental shelf and slope in the Mid-Atlantic Bight south of Cape Cod, Massachusettes, USA. The surveys were conducted aboard the R/V Endeavor during two physical oceanography cruises: E9608 (14 August to...
During Spring and Summer 1999, as part of the Oregon State University National Oceanographic Partnership Program (OSU-NOPP) field program, 20 successful hydrographic surveys were undertaken on the Oregon mid- to inner shelf, all near Yaquina Bay. These consisted of 17 cross-shelf sections along the Newport Hydrographic line ( extending approximately...
The investigation described in this project will test the hypothesis that fluxes of carbon, barium, manganese, iron and uranium associated with fluid seepage at the San Clemente fracture zone significantly affect the geochemical budgets for these elements, and ultimately result in anomalously high benthic fluxes throughout the San Clemente basin.
This report documents oceanographic and meteorological measurements made from instruments deployed on four moorings over the continental shelf west of Oregon, from spring through
summer, 1999. These moorings were a component of an observational and numerical modeling program to study the response of the coastal ocean to wind forcing.
The...
The purpose of this research is two-fold: to evaluate the success of the new emergency procedures promulgated in 1998 and to characterize the erosion event that precipitated the emergency during January, February and March 1999. These two purposes support each other and provide a holistic understanding of how emergencies arise...
The Oregon continental shelf waters are typically characterized by four to five major upwelling events that occur between May and October. The upwelled water is rich in nutrients, which fuels an increase in phytoplankton biomass. The onset of El Nino, however, can disrupt the normal physical processes along the Oregon...
PURPOSE: To determine physical, plankton and nutrient/chemical conditions over the continental
margin for climate change studies in NE Pacific. In particular, to make CTD and CTD/rosette and net
tow stations along one line off Newport, OR, and to make continuous observations of currents using
ADCP and of surface-layer temperature, salinity...
PURPOSE: To determine physical, plankton and nutrient/chemical conditions over the continental
margin for climate change studies in NE Pacific. In particular, to make CTD and CTD/rosette and net
tow stations along 5 lines (off Newport, Heceta Head, Coos Bay, the Rogue River, OR. and Crescent
City, CA., to make continuous...
PURPOSE: To determine physical, plankton and nutrient/chemical conditions over the continental
margin for climate change studies in NE Pacific. In particular, to make CTD and CTD/rosette and net
tow stations along 5 lines (off Newport, Heceta Head, Coos Bay, the Rogue River, OR. and Crescent
City, CA.), to make continuous...
Situated off the west coast of Vietnam in the Gulf of Thailand, Phu Quoc archipelago and its waters are well-known for their rich natural resources, especially the bounty of fishery resources. Under increasing pressure from the growing population, fishing, and tourism development, there is a strong need to formulate an...
Salmon restoration has become a major priority in the Pacific Northwest. In the State of Oregon, much of
the responsibility for habitat restoration has fallen on local watershed councils, with the majority of their
funding coming from state and federal grants. Funding limitations, including the amount of funds allotted
to...
Oregon's estuarine wetland landscapes have been changed, especially since the nineteenth century, by diking, dredging, fills, and other alterations. These alterations have removed wetlands from the estuaries, and with them, have removed wetland functions. Currently, efforts are being made to restore estuarine wetlands. The first step in
selecting a site...
From May 1999 through April 2000, I interned with the Alaska Wilderness Recreation and Tourism Association (AWRTA), a non-profit organization that balances responsible tourism development with resource protection and community enhancement. I was assigned to a seven-member task force charged with evaluating the success of AWRTA's "Ecotourism Guidelines2" and was...
This report intends to assist the development of biological and habitat goals and objectives for the Oregon Plan on statewide, regional and watershed scales.
In the highly competitive animal protein market, seafood faces increasing pressure to improve and standardize product quality. While there is general consensus that quality can be improved for many seafood products, there is little agreement on the types and levels of characteristics that should define "quality." This is a fundamental...
The 14-km long Netarts Littoral Cell, located on the northern Oregon coast, experienced episodic erosion as a result of the severe 1997-98 El Nino and 1998-99 La Nina. The erosion events led to the development of a unique partnership bridging scientists, stakeholders, and various planning agencies. To address these erosion...
Dramatic declines in several groundfish populations have occurred along
the U.S. West Coast during the last decade (PFMC 1999, Sampson 1997,
Ralston 1998, Bloeser 1999). One problem exacerbating these declines is
insufficient stock assessments, especially for species of west coast rockfish
(Family Scorpaenidae, Genus Sebastes) which comprise the core of...