Cet article s'intéresse au système de commercialisation des produits halieutiques en Guinée, La commercialisation des produits halieutiques fait actuellement l'objet d'une attention toute particulière des autorités guinéennes dans le cadre de la politique de développement du secteur des pèches. Le souci du gouvernement de disposer d'éléments d'analyse permettant de mener...
There is great concern at present that fish stocks are being depleted by over-fishing. Part of the problem of over-fishing is caused by the common property nature of the fishery resources. In particular, high seas fishery resources, such as highly migratory fish stocks (HMFS) and straddling fish stocks, suffer from...
The arrival in the 1980s of cultured shrimp has induced large changes on the World shrimp market. In this new environment, the French Guyana fishery production now competes strongly with some of these farm-produced shrimp. Consequently, this fishery has experienced serious export problems during the last decade. This paper is...
Certaines populations marines, de par leur capacité à réaliser des déplacements de grande envergure, marquent leur distribution spatiale d'une forte variabilité; Celle ci s'inscrit souvent dans un cycle saisonnier avec une reproductibilité interannuelle. Ces déplacements sont liés soit à une migration saisonnière entre plusieurs aires, soit à une concentration saisonnière...
Although widely accepted, management systems that directly restrict catch or effort are neither efficient nor desirable for many fisheries, and have failed to conserve fishery stocks in many cases. Fisheries scientists have suggested that closing part of the fishery with marine reserves may sustain or increase harvest. These marine reserves...
In considering fisheries regulation in the next decade, I make a concluding point that may become a major theme. This is that individual permanent catch quotas of a regulator-determined TAC are only a stage in the development of management from licensing to private rights (Scott 1989). The condition of open...
The main research question in this paper is: What impacts do the perceived structural changes in (1) consumer demand for fresh quality and (2) mobility (trade) barriers in distribution have on the market and trade patterns for fresh packed consumer fish products? A representative sample of UK and French seafood...
Japan is both the largest producer and consumer of tuna in the world. However, Taiwan has been a major exporter to Japan of Thunnus albacares and Thunnus obesus recently. For example, the market shares of Taiwan's supply are 20% for T. albacares, and 44% for T. obesus in 1992. Hence,...
Japan is the number 1 country in the world in terms of tuna harvest[1]. For example, it started from about 294,961 tons in 1975, then reached its peak at 371,103 tons in 1985. Although the harvest declined since 1985, it bounced back for the recent years and reached 343,611 tons...
A serious impediment blocks advancement of individual transferable quota (ITQ) policy in the United States, particularly in North Pacific fisheries being considered for ITQ management. The traditional ITQ design, that allocates rights to only the harvesting sector, unintentionally expropriates wealth/property interests from the co-dependent-processing sector. This regulatory expropriation is a...
As a Member State of the European Community (EC), the United Kingdom's marine capture fisheries must be managed within the framework of the Community's common fisheries policy (see Box 1). Since 1983 this has included a system of annual total allowable catches (TACs) for most commercially important stocks within the...
An ITQ scheme has been shown to create a quota induced incentive for discarding of fish in excess of what is socially optimal. This finding is corroborated by empirical evidence in several ITQ managed fisheries. The incentive for discarding, over and above those expected in an unmanaged or input controlled...
Catering establishments in Finland are very heterogeneous (restaurants, hotels, personnel canteens, hospitals, schools etc.). These kitchens annually prepare over 600 million meals with the total number of kitchens at over 20,000. The objective of this study was to estimate quantity and frequency of fish consumption within the Finnish catering market....
La pêche côtière au Maroc a connu un essor remarquable ces dernières décennies, poussant là où les ports se créent et se développent sur la côte atlantique. D'abord concentrée a proximité du port de SAF où les débarquements ne dépassaient pas 60.000 tonnes dans les années quarante, l'activité de la...
Self-management has been recognized as important in successfully governing the common pool resources. This is no exception in fishery. Fishery cooperatives, where fishermen collectively manage the fishery, are garnering much attention from both regulators and academics. In this study, we aim to empirically disentangle the efficiency mechanism of pooling system....
We empirically estimate the effects on management outcomes in common-pool resource
management into three: the direct effect of management systems, the direct effect of social
capital, and the indirect effect of management systems and social capital interacting each other to influence the outcomes. In particular, we focus on revenue sharing...
This paper describes a desk study of small pelagic utilization in Asia. Drawing on regional data and country case studies - it seeks to chart significant trends in the sector and identify issues for further research. Possible responses to under-utilization include increasing fishing intensity, exploitation of under/unexploited stocks reduction in...
This paper relates fish market and product development to consumer habits, perceptions, income, and other socio-economic factors through descriptive statistics and logic model analysis. The study collects and analyzes information needed for guiding public and private decisions in domestic fish market development. A 1994 survey interviewed a sample of 130...
The United Kingdom is the world's second largest producer of farmed Atlantic salmon. It also represents one of the larger markets for the product. During the 1980s, there was rapid growth in the industry stimulated by high market prices and major technological advances. While there was a substantial increase in...
En dépit de sa production halieutique qui occupe la première place dans le monde arabe et africain, le Maroc connaît une consommation de poisson de 7.5 Kg/personne/an, largement inférieure à la moyenne mondiale qui est voisine de 13 Kg/personne/an. Cette consommation est inégalement répartie. Généralement moyenne à forte, en bordure...
La filière des produits aquatiques en France subit des mutations importantes, sous la triple poussée d'une contrainte croissante sur la ressource, de l’internationalisation des marchés, et de la modernisation de la distribution. Son évolution présente des similitudes avec celles de certaines filières des produits animaux à moments donnés de leur...
Dans un marché de libre concurrence, certains paramètres tels que la saison de pêche et la taille des produits halieutiques ont une très grande importance sur la fixation des prix et la volonté à payer du consommateur. Afin de valider ces données, des échantillons de palourdes de l'Atlantique (Spisula solidissima),...
The aim of this paper is to specify the arising preferences within a theory of demand for seafood products through a socio-economic quantitative analysis. The relevance of standard economic variables is discussed by introducing additional socio-demographical variables in a multivariate statistical analysis. The position of seafood among other food products...
La lagune de Nador se caractérise par un écosystème semi-fermé, en communication avec la mer par une étroite passe. Cet écosystème est sous l'influence de plusieurs facteurs externes tels que l'ensoleillement, l'apport en eau douce, les eaux de ruissellement, le lessivage des champs agricoles et les eaux usées urbaines. L'influence...
A partir des pêches plane ioniques effectuées dans les eaux côtières du littoral atlantique de la région d'EI Jadida de Décembre 1994 à Décembre 1995. nous avons étudié le cycle annuel des espèces de Copépodes libres de la région. Ces derniers constituent le groupe le plus important de poilu de...
The last three years RIVO-DLO and LEI-DLO have developed a bio-economic simulation model for the Dutch beam trawl fishery. At the VII th IIFET conference in Taipei (1994, Taiwan) some preliminary results were presented and at the 4th EAFE bio-economic modeling workshop in Edinburgh (1995, United Kingdom) the final model...
Structural time series methods are applied to modeling endogenous fishing effort in the German North Sea shrimp fishery. The effects on fishing effort of shrimp price, catch per unit effort and environmental variation are examined. Preliminary results suggest that fishing firms do not respond much to price changes but they...
In developed country markets, the consideration of consumer wants has not been prominent hitherto in aquaculture production decisions. Like capture fisheries aquaculture has been product driven. This supply-side focus reflects an emphasis upon technical solutions to the production and capacity problems of high unit value (HUV) species culture. Whilst this...
In this paper, we study the short run price dynamics of imported fresh, farmed Atlantic and Pacific salmon on US regional markets. An Error Correction framework is used to specify a short run model. The results show a substitute relationship among the different salmon species in that an adjustment process...
L'exploitation des coquillages dans la lagune de Moulay Bousseiham, avec essentiellement sur la palourde européenne {Ruditapes decussatus), est une activité artisanale et manuelle pratiquée de deux façons: la pêche "à vue" (ou la pêche "à pied") est la plus courante, elle est pratiquée par un grand nombre de riverains de...
Sustainable aquaculture can be achieved when risk and uncertainly are incorporated in the analysis of the activity. This paper presents a precautionary approach to the feasibility analysis of a project for a commercial hatchery, applying decision theory. Two production scenarios were assessed, continuous and periodic, the later a combination of...
The paper analyses the annual accounts for the period 1990-94 of a sample of approximately 100 fishing firms operating out of ports in Schleywig-Holstein and exploiting finfish stocks in the North Sea and Baltic, and shrimp stocks in the North Sea. Detailed information is provided on costs and returns by...
Les échanges économiques entre le Reste du monde et le Gabon se déroulent dans un contexte de changements rapides et permanents (mutations des structures économiques, du rôle des acteurs, des croyances..,). Le choix entre les modes de coordination des activités sociales (Types de marchés- modes d'organisation, processus de décisions )...
En vertu du principe de préservation des stocks naturels et au delà, de la viabilité d'une industrie des pêches, l'attention des pouvoirs publics est, à l'heure actuelle, essentiellement portée sur la diminution des capacités de production[1]. Une mesure globale de ces capacités de production mises en oeuvre pour la capture...
The purpose of the Australian National Fisheries Adjustment Scheme (ANFAS) project is to develop a policy framework under which structural adjustment can occur in a coherent and coordinated manner, and to develop operational guidelines on how to develop structural adjustment schemes. The ANFAS will not establish a mandatory scheme, nor...
El Archipielago de Colon, more commonly known as the Galapagos Islands, is a province of Ecuador located about 600 miles off the coast of South America. It consists of approximately 45 volcanic islands (15 major and 30 minor) plus scores of smaller islets and rocks. The total land area is...
The use of artificial reefs in the creation of commercial and recreational fisheries has received growing attention in recent years, and artificial reef development programs are now being undertaken by a number of countries worldwide. Despite a substantial volume of scientific information on the technical and biological aspects of artificial...
The Traditional Management of Artisanal Fisheries in North East Nigeria project (TMAF) has been funded by British Overseas Development Administration (ODA) to investigate the possibilities for designing a more effective management system for fisheries of the Sub-Saharan Savanna region using a community-based approach. The need for a new approach is...
Before 1991, the Department of Fisheries was the sole formal fisheries management authority in Sierra Leone. This authority's management of the fisheries resulted, however, in less than 10% of the estimated annual resource rent accruing to government and in increasing the importance of resource over-exploitation. To improve stock conservation and...
Les graves atteintes aux équilibres des écosystèmes côtiers et littoraux sont devenues une préoccupation partagée par les chercheurs et les développeurs. La détérioration du bien-être des populations gui en sont soit la cause, soit la conséquence, impose la révision du discours économique prédominant dans les programmes de développement. L'impératif de...
Les importations de poisson jouent un rôle prépondérant ans l'approvisionnement de la population camerounaise en matière de produits de pêche. Avec près de 12 millions d'habitants pour une croissance de 3,2 %. la demande globale de poisson plafonne autour de 200 000 t par an alors que la production locale...
Auparavant le secteur des pêches ne s’intéressait guère qu’aux ressources et aux captures. Nos spécialités étaient des biologistes, des techniciens des pêches ; nos administrations de tutelle étaient celles des marins pêcheurs, nos recherches étaient essentiellement orientées vers la biologie des espèces, l’environnement de leur habitat, les modèles de gestion...
The global aquaculture industry has seen dramatic growth over the last two decades, and is forecast to become increasingly important into the next century. The aquaculture output, of the African continent, however, remains low at about 4% of the total. There is a perception of failure where donor assisted projects...
Cette communication s'intéresse à l'essor que connaît l'aquaculture en Thaïlande depuis quelques années dans le but de mettre en évidence certaines répercussions socio-économiques provoquées par le développement accéléré de cette activité. L'auteur présente le cas d'un village côtier du sud-est thaïlandais où la transformation récente d'un territoire rizicole en une...
L'objectif majeur de cette étude est de fournir les instruments de base en mesure d'aider à une meilleure gestion des sites récréatifs au Maroc en conformité avec les exigences des utilisateurs, mais aussi en relation avec les considérations publiques liées à l'offre en récréation, à l'activité de l'aquaculture et à...
Le Maroc compte quelques 1000 Km de rivières salmonicoles 60.000 ha de retenues de barrages, 80 lacs colinéaires et d'importantes pêcheries d'anguille, de civelle, de palourde et de crevette. Hormis les eaux à aloses qui ont été gravement affectées par différentes formes de dégradation (déforestation, surpâturage, pollution, érosion etc...) et...
Dans le cadre de la coopération Franco-Brésilienne, l'IFREMER, l'Etat de Bahia et la société Littoral Sul Maricultura ont développé une nouvelle technique d'élevage de crevettes pénéides (Penaeus vannamei) en utilisant des cages flottantes. Après trois années de mise au point, cette technique s'est avérée intéressante sur plusieurs aspects. La productivité...
En quelques années, l'Indonésie est devenue un des premiers pays producteurs de crevettes. L'extension et l'intensification rapide des élevages a des répercussions socio-économiques et écologiques majeures. Après un pic de 130.000 tonnes en 1992, la production est tombée à 100 000 tonnes en 1993. Depuis, le développement de nouveaux sites...
This study examines the status of women and their contributions to the fishing industry in West Africa with a particular emphasis on Nigeria. The existence of varied fish resources in the region can play a significant role in the nutritional and economic well being of the people as it relates...
Au Maroc, la pêche des thonidés s’effectue essentiellement lors des migrations de ces espèces le long des côtes marocaines, soit de l'Atlantique vers la Méditerranée durant la période Avril à Juin et dans le sens inverse durant la période allant de Juillet à Octobre. Les espèces de thonidés capturées par...
La présente étude, sur les caractéristiques adaptatives des populations vivant de la pêche artisanale, fut menée au cours de l'été 1994 dans la région lagunaire-estuaire Iguape-Cananéia, située dans le sud-est brésilien. L’auteur démontre que contrairement à une vision statique de la pêche artisanale, ces populations se caractérisent par un forte...
All the Arab countries are producers of fish from marine, inland and aquaculture sources. Total fish production in 1994, as reported by FAO, reached 1.67 million tons. The estimated resource potential is in the range of 3-4 million tons. Trade in fish and fishery products in most countries is considerable...
The shrimp culture industry has been progressing steadily in many countries during the past decade due to its potential economic value. beside the progress of culture, considerable research finding was implemented to formulate diets, whereas, studies on the contribution of natural diets to shrimp growth in earthen ponds are still...
Exports of fish products are important to diversify sources of income and achieve higher standards of living to fisher folk. This paper attempts to trace the strategic situation of export oriented seafood industry in Sri Lanka, focusing on how the international market dynamics have influenced the emergence and development of...
The natural estrogen 17β-estradiol (E2) is responsible for the endocrine disruption and also has potential effect on the reproduction of vertebrate. However, its effect on invertebrate reproduction has scarcely been studied. The present study was conducted to determine the effect of E2 on survival, egg production and egg hatch of...
The growth of tiger shrimp P. monodon and physicochemical factors of pond water and sediment were observed in tropical climate using bacterial products called probiotics. No improvement in shrimp growth and water quality was noted compare to other reported studies. The organic matter (OM) and total sulfur (TS) of pond...
Currently documented that pyridine triphenyl borane (KH101) is possible to use as an alternative of tributyltin based antifouling biocide in coastal and marine environment. But its impact on marine life especially on smaller zooplankton is so far unknown. The present study was conducted to determine the effect of KH101 on...
Canned tuna is a typical international Agribusiness-based product. The most representative flow of the product is such that the tuna is processed in a firm in the developing country of the tropical area where the canned material, namely tuna and skipjack, is caught and landed. Canned products furnish standardized features...
Inland fish farming is still a mystery for the economic development of Africa. Many African countries especially in the south of the Sahara do not largely practice inland fish farming for commercial purposes. This is because many Africans still believe in their economic redemption through crop production, grants and or...
Bangladesh occupies a unique position due to her natural fisheries resources in South Asia. Fisheries can play a positive role in the supply of delicious and high quality protein food for the people of the country. Credit is a powerful doorway to reduce poverty. It helps the poor to fight...
The paper presents a detailed approach to modeling supply and demand of the Asian fish sector. It discusses the salient features of the fish sector in Asian countries that need to be incorporated in a comprehensive model of fish supply and demand, as well as the usefulness of supply and...
This study reviews patterns of consumption and expenditure of fish at home at disaggregate level and analyzes demand for nine different fish species/species group. The analysis is based on the household consumption survey in inland provinces of Thailand conducted during 1998-1999. Result shows that the annual per capita fish consumption...
National and intergovernmental regulation of fisheries has not been sufficient to prevent many failures of fisheries management at the global scale. International trade in fisheries is of the order of USD 10 billion annually, mostly from “South” to “North”. Developing countries, particularly in Asia, benefit from this trade, and domestic...
The Fish and fish products have emerged as the largest group in agricultural exports of India. The export of fish and fish products has jumped from a mere sum of US $ 10 million in 1960-61 to about US $ 1300 million in 2000-01. The export basket of fisheries sector...
In many of the developing countries fish export is a significant source of foreign exchange earning that helps to stabilize macroeconomic indicators and provides nutrition and food security to the poor people of these countries. However, performance of fish export of these countries depend on, among other things, continued access...
There has been a structural shift in the global supply, demand and trade in fish and fisheries products since the early 1980s that has shattered the traditional dominance of the developed nations. Despite a declining trend in the global exports of primary products, the percentage contribution of fish has been...
The International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI), the World Fish Center (ICLARM), and the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), are collaborating to incorporate fish into IMPACT, a global model of food supply and demand that estimates market-clearing prices for 28 commodities in 36 regions. Results of the projections to 2020...
Resource Management and resource sharing issues are intimately connected. Through discussion of a constructed scenario workshop participants were encouraged to share different perspectives on the management challenges of the interaction between resource management, resource access and sectoral resource sharing issues. A key issue expressed by participants was the need to...
The South Australian rock lobster fishery is about 2,700 tonnes annual catch and is accessed by commercial, charter and amateur fishers. The commercial sector is managed in two zones, one based on input controls and the other on individual transferable quotas. The commercial sector pays 100% of the costs of...
It is now widely acknowledged that an explicit and well-defined fishery property rights regime can enable the sustainable utilisation, and the long term protection of the marine environment. Within the commercial sector, formal and legally binding trade, exchange, and/or access sharing mechanisms have existed for many years. Trade and exchange...
There is an increasing awareness that good fisheries management outcomes are often related to the calibre and training of the participants in the fisheries management process. In the 1994-2001 period several national training projects were undertaken across Australia to examine and develop the training requirements of both fisheries management staff...
Organizers convened an international workshop to address training necessary to produce effective managers for 21st century fisheries. The workshop involved government, industry, academic, and nongovernmental organization (NGO) leaders from Oceania, North America, and Europe. They addressed vision and management challenges of 21st century fisheries; requisite skills and knowledge; current training...
This paper addresses the question of how to equip U.S. managers and policy makers with the management capacity required to successfully manage 21st century fisheries. Management capacity comprises the knowledge, skills and processes that enable the effective development, implementation and enforcement of regulations. The theme of this paper is that...
There is an increasing realisation among fisheries managers that fisheries management must include participatory approaches, because fisheries management need to address complex issues including many interests, disciplines and issues. It is also becoming generally accepted that fisheries management cannot be based on simple predictability of nature and fisheries behaviour, but...
Marine ecosystems are generally more extensive and complex than terrestrial ecosystems. Our understanding of the ecological relationships and biological processes within marine ecosystems is rudimentary but improving. In addition, our appreciation of the range of goods and services available from the marine environment and demand for competing economic uses of...
The purpose of this study is to estimate the institutional change to the fisheries management system caused by the TAC system in Japan, referring to the case study of snow crab (Chionoecetes opilio) in the western Japan Sea. Snow crab fisheries management in Japan has been carried out based on...
The status of fisheries resources on coastal and offshore areas is getting worse in Taiwan. Thus, to establish a fishery resources management system has become the main task among stakeholders. In this study, we would like to examine the feasibility of imposing the community-based co-management system and setting closed fishing...
This paper develops an option value model to examine vessel owners in deciding to participate or not in the vessel buyback program. The model accounts for the uncertainty generally involved in a decision to retire an aged vessel and the underlying value of waiting for new information about the profitability...
New Zealand has recently implemented major changes to its Fisheries management regimes including strengthening the quota based property right, devolving the delivery of quota registry services to the industry and developing new computer systems to support industry and government requirements. The success of these changes is due to a number...
Setting aside the traditional simplistic “tragedy of the commons” notion, fisheries crises observed in the Northern Atlantic may be seen as the result of “mismatches” in the decision making process. The collapse of two fisheries, Atlantic Cod (Gadus morhua) in Canada and European Hake (Merluccius merluccius) in Europe, illustrate the...
Fisheries worldwide continue to suffer from the negative consequences of open access. In 1986, New Zealand responded by establishing an individual transferable quota (ITQ) system that by 1998 included 33 species and more than 150 markets for fishing quotas. We assess these markets in terms of trends in market activity,...
Rights-based management in federally managed fisheries off Alaska has evolved rapidly over the past decade. While license limited entry and individual quotas (with rights assignments to vessel owners) were the principle tools under consideration in the early 1990s, in 2002 a wider range of programs and program options are under...
Although many fisheries around the world have long required explicit licensing for fishery participants, the use of limited entry licensing to control fishing effort has become a common practice in the last two decades. In contrast to Individual Fishing Quotas (IFQs), limited entry is only a step towards rights-based management....
Western Australia operates a diverse enforcement and education program aimed at achieving high compliance in a wide range of commercial and recreational fisheries managed using a mix of input and output controls. Since enforcement resources are invariably insufficient to totally eliminate non-compliance with fishery rules, it is important to ensure...
Current fisheries management approaches based on centralised government intervention have proven inadequate to deal with the present management and cannot meet its objectives including reverting stock depletion, resolving user group conflicts, increase profitability and prevent social disruption. There is no easy solution to this problem. New institutions enabling fishing communities...
The study used a combination of fairly standard and often overlapping participatory tools and techniques as well as SWOT analysis in the context of the sustainable livelihoods approach (SLA) which is emerging as a potentially useful way to looking at policies and institutions to address poverty. The adoption of fisheries...
Norway has for years managed its coastal fisheries through a regime that for all practical purposes has acted as open access, that is, open for bona fide fishers. The trawling sector was closed already in the 1930s, and the large offshore fleet was regulated through limited entry licensing from the...
Differences in technical efficiency of fishing vessels are often attributed to skipper skill and differences in technology. While the later can be defined in terms of the technology employed, the former is more difficult to quantify. In this paper, the contribution of technology and skipper characteristics (e.g. level of education,...
New Zealand’s quota management system, the QMS, has for years been considered as one of the most successful rights-based fisheries management system in the world. Although the hard evidence is at best patchy, New Zealand’s fishing industry is performing well ahead of most competitors, both in economic, biological and administrative...
The very restrictive quotas of cod in the Baltic Sea are a strong force for searching alternatives. Since 1996 for instance, the cod quota for the German fishery was reduced from 22 000 t to 13 000 t in the year 2001. And further cuts took place in 2002. However,...
This paper explores New Zealand’s experience with introducing species into the Quota Management System (QMS). The Fisheries Amendment Act 1986 implemented the QMS based on the allocation of individual transferable quota (ITQ) to those who met the allocation criteria. At that time the Ministry of Fisheries (MFish) introduced 32 species...
Technical efficiency (TE) measures the relationship between a vessel’s inputs to the fishing process and its outputs, with full efficiency being achieved when outputs are maximised from a given set of inputs. Inputs can be physical (e.g. the vessel, gear, engine, onboard equipment, etc.), flexible (time spent fishing, size of...
The aim of this paper is to assist teaching undergraduate students how to analyse the issue of fish stock investment. The mathematical prerequisites are a basic knowledge of calculus. Both discrete and continuos time frameworks are used. To fish down or to build up a fish stock takes time, and...
This paper looks at some of the seemingly positive developments in fisheries governance over the last twenty-five years. It asks why fisheries management, if improving, is still failing in its basic objective of managing the people who catch fish so as to ensure that there are enough fish left out...
Multiobjective decision analysis (MDA) is a useful assessment method when fishery managers need a systematic investigation of the trade-offs involved in the selection of alternative policy options. An important class of techniques within MDA is vector optimization, consisting of mathematical programming models with vector valued objective functions. From the management...