Chinook salmon, Oncorhynchus tshawytscha, returning to the Yukon River basin and other large river systems in western Alaska have declined dramatically since the late 1990s. This continuing trend has raised concerns over the future status of the returns, and severely impacted commercial and subsistence fisheries within the drainage. Management is...
Reproduction of salmonid fishes in acidic water was studied
using the rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri). Adult trout were exposed
to various levels of hydrogen ion (pH levels 4.5, 5.0, 5.5, and
control [6.5 to 7.1]) during the final 6 weeks of reproductive
maturation. Reduced survival rates of the progeny of...
Rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) experience a variety of stressors in their natural environment as well as in aquaculture that can have negative effects on their physiology. The effects of physiological stress and endocrine disruption have been well described in fish. However, there is a scarcity of information on the effects...
Spring Chinook salmon, Oncorhynchus tshawytscha, are transported above dams in the Willamette River to provide access to blocked spawning habitat. However, 30-95% of these transplants may die before spawning in some years. To varying degrees, salmon in other tributaries--both blocked and unblocked--have similar prespawn mortality (PSM). Our study determined if...
Estuaries provide juvenile salmonids with highly productive feeding grounds, refugia from tidal fluctuations and predators, and acclimation areas for smoltification. However, these dynamic, fluctuating salinity environments may also be physiologically stressful to growing juvenile fish. In order to evaluate the costs and benefits of estuarine marshes to juvenile Chinook salmon,...
A number of steelhead (Oncorhynchus mykiss) populations are at risk throughout Oregon, including five populations that are federally listed as threatened or endangered. However, little is known about behavior and survival of these fish as they transition from freshwater to seawater. We investigated whether estuarine survival varies on a temporal...
Sex differentiation in fish is a labile process that allows sex inversion in several species. The inherent capacity of fish germ cells to differentiate into oocytes or spermatocytes constitutes a key factor allowing for functional sex inversion. This thesis set out to determine the mechanism involved in steroid-induced sex differentiation...
Genetic differences between early and late forms of
Alaskan chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) were
identified using two genetic approaches: mitochondrial
DNA (mtDNA) analysis and protein electrophoresis. The
study populations consisted of early- and late-run chinook
salmon in each of the Kenai and Kasilof rivers in Alaska,
and a single population...
Juvenile Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) exhibit an array of life history tactics in Oregon's Willamette River Basin, yet we do not know to what extent it is driven by phenotypic plasticity or whether it is predetermined and how conditions in the early rearing environment may affect phenotype expression. We have...