Coastal Oregon is deficient in quality construction aggregate.
There is, however, an abundance of lower quality, or marginal aggregate
available for construction purposes. The purpose of this report
is to develop techniques for upgrading marginal aggregates with portland
cement and methods for evaluating the relative performance of
these stabilized materials...
The purpose of this report is to address the problem of supplying
construction aggregates to Oregon's coastal areas that are currently, or
will in the near future, be deficient of good quality materials. This
is done primarily by studying methods of utilizing marginal aggregates
that are abundantly available in the...
Hydrazine based fuels are used by the Air Force for the Titan II
and Minuteman III missiles and the F-16 aircraft and by the National
Aeronautics and Space Administration for propulsion systems and the
Space Shuttle Program. These uses represent significant production,
transportation and storage of these fuels, and, as...
Trace metals in the aquatic environment are generally concentrated
on the surface of solid geochemical phases which eventually become incorporated
into estuarine and marine sediments. The mechanism of trace
metal concentration is believed to be adsorption with various geochemical
phases such as hydrous metal oxides, clays, and organic matter.
Metals...
Design methods for pavement mixtures containing recycled asphalt
concrete have been explored in many studies. Most methods of design
are modelled after procedures originally developed for conventional
construction with virgin raw materials. The unique properties of aged
asphalt as raw material are rarely considered when applying conventional
procedures. The approach...
This paper examines the environmental factors influencing
the die-off and transport of fecal coliform bacteria
present in wastes applied to the land surface. These factors
are examined specifically for dairy waste management systems
and the net effect each system has on runoff water quality.
A model is developed that considers...
Landslides are frequent in the steep forested regions of the Oregon
and Washington coastal mountain ranges. The need for forest products
has resulted in increasing logging activity in these marginally stable
areas. The occurrence of landslides has increased, which in turn has
focused greater interest in slope stability management.
Of...
The strength of both undisturbed and compacted soils from 10 sites
in the slide-prone Tongass National Forest in SE Alaska were studied.
Index property tests were also conducted on disturbed samples. The
index tests included natural water content, Atterberg Limits, specific
gravity of solids, grain size distribution, and moisture-density relationship....
Geotextiles are synthetic fabrics which may be substituted for
graded aggregate to protect ocean and coastal structures from erosion
and soil instability adjacent to the structure. They are commonly
used as a filter and as a structural membrane between an undisturbed
sediment surface below and an erosion resistant coarse aggregate...
Sediments are the major compartment in aquatic environments for many materials of toxic or nutrient concern. The lack of knowledge of the phase associations of toxic metals in sediments is the largest deficiency in our understanding of the environmental hazard posed by metal contamination. This study examined the sedimentary partitioning...
A literature review and a computer study are conducted to identify
the requirements of finite element programs for the specific use of discrete
analyses of reinforced soil structures. The utility of six commercially
available programs are appraised with respect to the identified
requirements. The results of the study are directed...
The nonlinear dynamic analysis of cable and membrane structures
is presented in this study. Attention is given to the nonlinearities
arising from large displacements, from nonlinear stress-strain
relationships and from nonconservative loadings.
The finite element method is used to model the cables and
membranes. Curvilinear geometries of the elements are...
Since the introduction of pure oxygen activated sludge systems in
the late 1960's, proponents have claimed several advantages resulting
from the elevated dissolved oxygen (DO) levels maintained. However,
numerous comparative studies have failed to produce a consensus of
professional opinion regarding the validity of these claimed advantages.
The purpose of...
As part of a long term study to evaluate the dynamic properties of naturally frozen soils, resonant frequency and cyclic triaxial
tests were conducted on Fairbanks silt samples from the U.S. Army Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory Permafrost Tunnel, Fox, Alaska. The test methods subject right cylindrical test
specimens...
This dissertation introduces a method which
can simulate multi-dimensional Gaussian random
processes by the superposition of sine functions
The fast Fourier transform technique is incorporated into the simulating method to facilitate
saving of computer time.
In view of the fact that the fast Fourier
transform play important roles in digital...
A growth model is developed for coho salmon which accounts for
temperatures and feeding rates typically encountered in fish hatchery
operation. Feeding rates utilized by the model ranged from
maintenance to maximum utilizable rations. The model is derived from
an empirical equation for maximum growth rate, and a theoretical
equation...
The nonlinear dynamic analysis of cable and cable-large
body systems subject to both deterministic and non-deterministic
loading is presented in this study. Nonlinearities
occur due to large displacements, material nonlinearity,
lack of stiffness in compression, and the non-conservative
fluid loading.
A finite element model is used to model the cable...
A numerical calculation procedure for the hydrodynamic interference effects between large multiple structures interacting with
linear ocean waves is presented in this study. Viscous effects are
neglected and the hydrodynamic pressure forces are assumed to be
inertially dominated. A finite element method which incorporates
radiation boundary dampers is adopted to...
An analytical model is developed to examine the response and
efficiency of a vertical rigid, hinged, floating breakwater. The
boundary value problem describing the flow field yields a well-posed
Sturm-Liouville problem which is solved by separation of variables
for the velocity potentials. The equation of breakwater motion about
the breakwater...
By assuming the linear superposition principle to be valid, the
hydrodynamic forces on a horizontal cylinder under waves and current
are examined. In this study, towing a cylinder in waves is used to
simulate a cylinder under waves and current. The experimental
technique is proved valid through theoretical considerations and...
Geotextiles are experiencing increased use in arctic and subarctic
construction in separation, reinforcement, erosion control, and
drainage applications. The use of geotextiles as capillary cutoff
layers to prevent frost heave has been proposed as well.
In recognition of the need to investigate properties of geotextiles
in cold regions applications, a...
The effect of geotextile permeability on the stability of
rubble shore protection structures was investigated by conducting
large-scale wave tank tests on a revetment. Pore pressure within
the sandy gravel core of the revetment were measured in one phase
of the experiment, and stability of armor units on the structure...
A finite element formulation is developed for the prediction of
the large displacement response of pipelines which are placed upon
irregularly contoured marine sediments and are subsequently subjected
to episodic hydrodynamic loads. The equations of motion during each
episode of extreme wave activity are obtained from a variational form
of...
Several dichotomous-response models of carcinogenesis are discussed and their implications for low-dose risk estimation are
examined. In addition, a pharmacokinetic model incorporating non-linear kinetics is studied and the results are investigated with
respect to multiple-pollutant exposures. None of these models appears to suggest the existence of "thresholds".
The analysis of...
Dredged spoil plumes are monitored during nine hopper dredge
disposal events in 186 foot water depths offshore near Coos Bay,
Oregon. Position and solids volume concentration characteristics of
the plumes are established.
Computer simulations of the monitored events are executed using
the WES modified version of the Koh-Chang instantaneous disposal...
A three dimensional finite element analysis is developed which
is capable of simulating the coupled static and dynamic behavior of
compliant ocean structures. Nonlinearities which result from large-deflection,
reduced or zero stiffness in compression, and the nonconservative
fluid loading are considered. The spatial variation of
fluid loading is also addressed....
In recognition of the need to determine dynamic properties of naturally frozen materials, a research project was conducted to measure the dynamic properties (dynamic moduli and damping ratio) of naturally frozen wedge ice samples obtained from the Fairbanks, Alaska area. Cyclic triaxial and resonant column test systems were employed to...
The Lookout Creek Earthflow is located in the Cascade Mountain
Range in western Oregon. The Cascade Mountains are mainly volcanic
in origin, and deposits in and around the slide have a complex geomorphic
history,, affected by glacial, mass movement, and fluvial
processes. The currently moving land mass is about 1600...
With current nonlinear analysis computer capabilities, this
study was conducted to develop a linkage element that permits
analyses of wood composite structures taking into account possible
slip in the nailed joints. The finite elements chosen to represent the wood stud, plywood, gypsum and nails are described. The
method as applied...
Directional wave spectra have been estimated in this study based
upon simultaneous subsurface measurements of current and pressure.
Two previously developed methods, the stochastic and deterministic
approaches, have been reviewed and restudied. It is demonstrated by
means of the Correlation Theorem that the stochastic and deterministic
approaches are, under certain...
Many miles of roads are built in the Pacific Northwest Forests to provide access for logging and fire protection. Logging roads often cross steep mountainous terrain. Logging roads and the associated cut and fill slopes represent a discontinuity in the natural stress state in the soil mantle. These conditions result...
Saudi Arabia currently contains 31000 km (18600 mi)
of paved roads and 42000 km (25200 mi) of agricultural
roads, with the prospect of more roads to be constructed.
The low population (6 million) compared to the large area
of the country (2,253,300 km², 900,000 mi²) coupled with
the high cost...
A complete solution, exact to second-order, for wave motion
forced by a hinged-wavemaker of variable-draft is presented. A
solution for a piston type wavemaker is also obtained as a special
case of a hinged-wavemaker with negative infinite draft. The
existing Stokes inviscid theories for mass transport is extended to
include...
Research was conducted to study the behavior and
load carrying capacity of stump anchors. A field testing
program was undertaken to determine the response and
strength characteristics of second growth Douglas-fir
(Pseudotsuga menziesii) stumps ranging in diameter from
6 to 17 inches. Horizontal and vertical stump movements
due to an...
Incipient motion of cohesive sediment and the role of flow
parameters were investigated for separate and combined unidirectional
and oscillatory flows. Sediment from Sturgeon Lake, mainly silt and
clay with organic matter, was used as bed material In recirculating
and wave flumes.
Bench-type experiments indicated that when the submerged sediment...
Ocean waves propagating over cohesionless seabed deposits
produce cyclic shear stresses within the deposit. Under certain
conditions these stresses may cause a progressive build-up of pore
pressure. Pore pressure accumulation can result in liquefaction or
a substantial decrease in the effective stress with attendant large
deformations of the seabed deposit....
Regionalized variable analysis has been used to study
a number of meteorological and hydrological variables
including precipitation (Delhomme and Delfinier, 1973),
streamfiow (Villeneuve et al., 1979) and hydraulics of
groundwater aquifers (Gambolati and Volpi, 1979). In the
research work reported in this thesis, an attempt was
made to characterize the...
The purpose of this study was to provide the USDA-Forest Service,
Bureau of Land Management (BLM), and other agencies or industries
that may deal with temporary and intermittent use roads with
the necessary background information for the identification, economic
evaluation, and selection of the alternate surfacing systems and to
determine...
A test system was developed and used to
investigate ice/structure interaction with centrifugal
modeling. The test system was designed to perform two
main functions: (1) create a uniform ice sheet, and
(2) drive a model structure through the ice sheet at a
constant speed. Both of these functions were required...
Mathematical models of the precipitation process are needed to
effectively use historical precipitation data in the design and
planning of engineering projects and for analysis of watershed
runoff behavior. Existing simple models based on the assumptions of
independent, identically-distributed random variables are
insufficient to describe several features of the historical...
Some basaltic rocks common in Oregon when incorporated into a pavement structure as the base course aggregate or in the surfacing layer degrade and disintegrate owing to the minerals contained within the rock and the environment in which it is placed. To simulate the chemical degradation of basaltic rocks an...
The in-line force power spectrum is predicted by the frequency domain maximum force coefficient [C[subscript μn](z,f[subscript n])] vs. Keulegan-Carpenter number [K[subscript n] (z,f[subscript n])] relationship. The frequency domain Keulegan- Carpenter number is defined as the velocity from the amplitude spectrum at f divided by the respective frequency and diameter of...
Caissons on permeable seabeds have been designed and constructed
for a variety of needs in coastal and offshore engineering. An evaluation of the adequacy of the foundation beneath the structure is
required for an economic and safe design. To address this requirement, a two-dimensional analytical model of the foundation response...
A Langmuir sorption model incorporating a second step of
irreversible absorption was applied to a model soil system. The column
was packed with cellulose triacetate; pulse and step input tests with
3,4-dichlorophenol were performed; the effluent concentration was
measured by electron capture detector gas chromatography and sorption
rate constants were...
