Wireless technologies advance rapidly in the recent time. The maJor initiative is the realization of the third generation wireless network that provides high bandwidth access to digital data on the Internet. Moreover, recent improvements in computer and embedded systems have enabled portable devices with sufficiently high computing capability.
The combination...
Impedance spectroscopy is a method of modeling materials with equivalent circuits to determine electrical properties, such as the resistivity and the dielectric constant. We explore impedance spectroscopy, both theoretically and experimentally through applying the method to samples of BaCuS1-xSexF. Grain boundary effects were dominant in the results, and although they...
Riparian areas are an integral component of fluvial ecosystems. The management of Oregon's riparian areas has come under greater scrutiny since that latest revision of the Oregon Forest Practices Act (1994). Many riparian areas lie within forested areas. Riparian management issues such as anadromous fish population decline and large woody...
Monarch butterflies (Danaus plexippus) depend on the fir-dominated forest ecosystem in the states of Michoacán and Mexico for shelter during their winter hibernation. Since 1980, the Mexican government has sought to protect this natural phenomenon by designating their overwintering habitat as the Monarch Butterfly Biosphere Reserve (MBBR). According to the...
Various mollusks, including small bivalves and gastropod snails, are a common food source for intertidal crabs. Prey opening techniques used on hard-shell prey are dependent on claw size and morphology. For example, large, strong claws can crush a snail outright while smaller, weaker claws leave characteristic peels, pulls and upper...
With the realization that traditional means of providing useful energy have formidable environmental and economical repercussions, many counties have begun to explore more benign and sustainable energy sources—renewables. Photovoltaics (PV), a sub-group of renewable energy technologies, convert incident solar radiation into electrical power. Germany, the US and Japan are racing...
This paper studies the current counternarcotics methods and the electronics technology used by the United States and Colombian governments to combat narcoterrorism in the Andean region. The efficiency and efficacy of these methods with the use of electronics technology are analyzed to determine if they are
successful. The current counternarcotics...
Sweet onions are valued for their unique flavor and praised for their health and dietary character. Onion sweetness is perceived as the degree of pungency decreases. Pungency can be quantitatively determined in onions by measuring enzymatically produced pyruvic acid. The onion industry quantifies a sweet onion as one having a...
Perfluorinated chemicals have been widely used in industry for their superior surfactant qualities. Because of their widespread usage and resistance to photolytic and biodegradation mechanisms, as well as their ability to undergo long-range atmospheric transport, these compounds have become ubiquitous in the world-wide water supplies. Of particular interest are perfluorooctanoic...
Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF α) and interferon gamma (IFN γ) were initially recognized as inflammatory mediators produced by immune cells in response to infectious agents or foreign material. (1,5) However, over the past decade much research in mammalian species has indicated that these proteins also play key roles in...