Payments for Ecosystem Services (PES) is a relatively new tool for fisheries and aquaculture. Being part of the broader incentive- or market-based incentives, PES is a positive and voluntary incentive mechanism that compensates actors for increasing or maintaining the provision of ecosystem services. Our investigation considers potential and actual PES...
Around the world, there are numerous examples of collaborative science -industry partnerships, which provide a bottom up approach to trawl gear development. Many have had better success in implementing selective gears as opposed to a top down approach where selective gears are enforced into legislation. On the other hand, such...
This presentation provides an overview of a Special Session presentation held at the NAAFE Forum 2017 in March, 2017. The title of the special session was: Saving the World's Most Endangered Marine Mammal. The session was organized by Oriana Poindexter.
Overfishing has been cited as a major cause of sea bass population decline and recent scientific analyses have reinforced previous concerns of unsustainable fishing advising urgently for a substantial reduction in fishing mortality. For the first time, 2013, the ICES released an analytical advice on the status of the European...
This paper explores the optimal management strategies of two species with different life history traits. Here we consider a prey-predator relationship which may represent a resident species and an invasive species. They have different life history traits and interact by competing food and space and predation in the same ecosystem....
The experimental determination of the impact of small pelagic purse seine fishing on the iconic African penguin was initiated by the South African Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries in 2008. This has involved the plurennial closure of a 20 km radius area around four penguin breeding islands, alternating pairs...
After thirty years of the Common Fisheries Policy (CFP) in Europe, its limitations in relation to environmental and socio-economic aspects have been well-documented. The STEFC identified some reasons that contribute to poor socio-economic performance due to environmental factors (e.g. reduced TACs and quotas for several key stocks, scarcity of some...
The U.S. Mid-Atlantic Golden Tilefish (Lopholatilus Chamaeleonticeps) fishery, under IFQ management, is required to undergo a review every 5 to 7 years to describe and analyze the changes that have taken place in the fishery since the IFQ implementation in 2009. Standardized performance metrics are used to evaluate performance, productivity...
This study compares and extends existing approaches to predict the location of fishing activities. Using data from Northeast U.S. Fisheries, we show that the traditional spatial representation of fishing activities leads to a severe misrepresentation of fishing grounds and effort. Predictions based on probability models outperform most of the simplified...
The Australian federal fisheries policy identifies maximising net economic returns as the primary objective of fisheries management. This has largely been interpreted as maximising the net economic yield (MEY) in fisheries. For multispecies fisheries, this has been based on maximising the net present value of total profit in the fishery...
This document provides an overview of a presentation held during the Industry and Policy Day at the IIFET 2016 Scotland conference in July 2016. The presentation was part of Session A3: Reformed CFP - Implications for Routes to Market. The session was chaired by Marcus Coleman, and the presentation was...
Proceedings of the Eighteenth Biennial Conference of the International Institute of Fisheries Economics and Trade, held July 11-15, 2016 at Aberdeen Exhibition and Conference Center (AECC), Aberdeen, Scotland, UK.
Despite an extensive literature on food-sharing, little attention has been given to the practice in the context of fish harvesting and consumption. We examine it as a possible, almost inadvertent, source of fishery management and we examine its role in trade. Our model is a simple general-equilibrium model of a small costal economy...
The paper seeks to identify bioeconomic patterns and processes with respect to the Red King Crab (Paralithodes camtschaticus) in the Barents Sea. Its dual role (as invasion and market commodity) together with the dynamically evolving Arctic marine environment requires pro-active and multi-faceted approaches. Challenges and uncertainties include data limitations, scientific...
In the present paper we study effect of information uncertainty on efficiency of multispecies fishery contracts, when private harvesting costs are uncertain. A static game between a principal and two fishing fleets is considered, when fishermen are completely selective about allocation of their harvesting efforts between the commercial and non-commercial...
The status of many sea cucumber fisheries in the world is overexploited. Some of the reasons are: an increase in demand from China, the distance of these fisheries to China, and the high rate of fisheries development. Most sea cucumber fisheries are small-scale with a simple management system. To overcome overexploitation,...
Individual Transferable catch-Quotas (ITQs) have become a popular management tool to reduce excess competition and foster economic efficiency in marine commercial fisheries. They have increasingly been used in more complex multispecies fisheries, where the by-catch of non-targeted species is common. In these fisheries, the reduction of discards is also being...
Bycatch in fishing gear remains the greatest single cause of serious injury and mortality for marine mammals worldwide. There are multiple challenges in reducing this bycatch, including assessment of the level of bycatch and its impact on the population, designing measures that effectively reduce bycatch while maintaining a viable fishery,...
Fisheries management has been traditionally single-species oriented. Only recently more pressure has been put on developing a holistic, science-based approach that considers the ecosystem as a whole. This approach is widely known as ecosystem-based fisheries management (EBFM). One of the most often highlighted aspects of EBFM is the relevance of predator-prey...
The role of women in fisheries is often undermined. Several studies have tried to show how important is women in fisheries, particularly in marketing. In support for this kind of studies, this paper will try to measure the role of women in fisheries sector. Using a one full year fish...
The complexity of the ocean ecosystem, including the human component, is such that a single fishery may require multiple policy instruments to achieve goals related to fisheries management and biodiversity conservation. The need for retrospective analysis and evaluation grows and the key is to link policy instrument objectives to realized...
The positions of Japan and Australia have been in sharp contrast over whaling; Japan seeks to expand whaling and is not concerned about protecting whales while Australia attempts to halt whaling and strengthen whale conservation. In this study, we hypothesize that this sparked difference reflects different levels of willingness to...
While studies have long examined the economic viability of oyster industries along the Pacific and Atlantic coasts of the mainland United States, Hawai`i has had no industry to speak of in decades. The Pacific oyster, <i>Crassostrea gigas</i>, is being cultivated in a traditional Hawaiian fishpond for the first time, providing...
The study examined the determinants of profit margins earned by artisanal fishermen in Ghana using the concept of percentage contribution margin. The effects of selected variables on margins were examined for two marketing agents - spouse and other agents. A system of equations were estimated separately for the major and...
The vaquita, a critically endangered marine mammal, is a bycatch to shrimp strawl and gillnet fisheries in the upper Gulf of California. Reducing vaquita bycatch, however, is complex. The fisheries are smaller-scale and major contributors of income and employment to coastal communities. Although tourism is increasingly important, fishing remains an...
The rapid growth of aquaculture affects wild fisheries in several ways. We present a bioeconomic model of the interaction between capture based aquaculture that depending on harvest of wild juvenile organisms with a wild fishery, including an effect of marine reserve implementation. We assume the catch of wild juveniles for...
Achieving the optimal designation of marine protected areas (MPAs) and design of management measures requires a comprehensive understanding of potential socioeconomic impacts. Yet, assessing the impacts of MPAs and how they are distributed faces significant data and other evidence constraints. What role can monitoring and adaptive approaches play in MPA policy...
The Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) is a treasured catch for both commercial and recreational fishers at the Baltic Sea. Especially in Tornionjoki river, which is one of the two remaining wild salmon rivers at the Finnish coast of Baltic, recreational fishing is an increasingly popular activity, and a source of...
There is increasing recognition that the oceans of the world support a wide range of economic sectors. Managing those multiple uses, within a ‘commons’ environment, is undoubtedly challenging. Approaches of ecosystem-based management (EBM), integrated ocean management (IOM) and marine spatial planning (MSP), with associated aspects of spatial allocation and conflict...
Aotearoa New Zealand has a long running and well managed quota management system for its fisheries, yet still faces challenges in terms of designing and implementing integrated ecosystem based approaches. Two recent processes have challenged the norm. In the Te Korowai case, issues surrounding the coastal marine environment were managed...
The industry owned trawlers land-lock obligation, originally intended to ensure both greater seasonal distribution of raw material as well as settlement in coastal communities, functions poorly and is being put under pressure. This is due to national and global trends in economics and politics, technological change and changing market conditions....
This presentation explores the interaction of the fishery sector and the emerging push for marine biodiversity conservation. These are viewed as two ‘streams’ of governance – flowing through global bodies (notably the United Nations), through nations (with interacting environmental and fisheries agencies), and through thousands of coastal communities worldwide (which...
To effectively respond to sustainability challenges, there is a need to find (or re-discover) suitable ways to govern, so as to make decisions that maintain healthy environments and sustainable livelihoods in fishery systems. While efforts to this end are needed at all governance levels, from the global to the local,...
The Biodiversity Impact Mitigation (BIM) hierarchy provides an overarching conservation framework for bycatch reduction, and more broadly for biodiversity conservation. This framework includes four steps, which are implemented sequentially to: (i) avoid and (ii) minimize impacts; (iii) rehabilitate/restore impacted biodiversity; and (iv), compensate such impacts, usually elsewhere. The first three steps...
This document provides an overview of a presentation held during the Industry and Policy Day at the IIFET 2016 Scotland conference in July 2016. The presentation was part of Session B1: Experiences from Further Afield. The session was chaired by Professor Clara Ulrich, and the presentation was given by Dave...
This presentation provides an overview of a presentation held during the Industry and Policy Day held at the IIFET 2016 Scotland conference in July 2016. The presentation was part of Session B3: Adapt, Improvise and Overcome - fishermen's responses to the LO. The session was chaired by Dr. Erik Lindebo...
This presentation provides an overview of a presentation held during the Industry and Policy Day held at the IIFET 2016 Scotland conference in July 2016. The presentation was part of Session B4: LO - Government Solutions. The session was chaired by Professor Gil Sylvia and the presentation was given by...
Seafish has undertaken an economic impact assessment (EIA) of the landing obligation for key UK fleets targeting demersal stocks. The purpose of the EIA is to provide information that supports decision-making and understanding at a fleet segment, home nation and national level. The EIA has been undertaken in two phases:...
The generation of market information is critical in the dynamic and highly differentiated global seafood market. Information has strategic value and market information is therefore vital in creating and delivering value. However, the context of long, globalised supply chains and highly differentiated seafood markets results in value chain members having...
Joint production of multiple offsets and/or ecosystem services that enter in multiple markets complicates the standard interpretations of baselines, additionality, and the process of stacking. Intuitively, joint production means that the process of providing the multiple offsets and/or ecosystem services is interrelated, and nonjointness means that each offset or ecosystem...
The conflict between hydropower production and the free movement of migratory fish in river basins is longstanding. Currently, hydropower is a notable source of renewable energy, and its importance in regulating the seasonal supply of energy, as well as in substituting fossil fuel energy, is considerable. However, once hydropower plants...
General population stated preference surveys are generally drawn from random samples that typically contain a large number of urban households relative to rural households due to the spatial distribution of populations. Given this, it is important to understand and assess whether differences in the preferences and values these two populations...
The goal of this research is to analyse the employment trajectories of more than 1300 fishermen in the French region of Pays de la Loire (Atlantic coast). The dynamic analysis of careers in the fishing sector is of importance to predict the future of this sector. Indeed, the flexibility of...
The H2020 SUCCESS project aims at improving the competitiveness and economic sustainability of the European seafood sector. A part of the project deals with the understanding of the consumption patterns in different European countries. Knowing that TV and other media programmes can have an impact on consumption choices, this paper...
Based on financial risk analysis and portfolio theory, this paper aims to estimate the underlying risk of the European fish quota distribution among European member States along the time. Firstly, we have assigned a fishing portfolio to each member state (FP(jt)) and its related value based financial portfolio (FPV(ijt)), where...
A number of fisheries development projects are undertaken every year in recognition of the important role fisheries play in many coastal communities. The objectives and emphasis varies, but typically goes beyond a limited focus on fisheries management and the ecosystem to include essential economic and social impacts. This makes it...
This talk will introduce the special session on the Economics of Bycatch. It will provide an overview of the session. It will then discuss in general terms a variety of incentive-based approaches to managing bycatch that give vessels greater flexibility to devise cost-effective solutions of their own making. These include...
The sustainability of fish stocks, fishery-derived income and well-being of dependent communities are interrelated and sustainable socio-ecological systems require an understanding of all three. A newly developed evaluation tool addressing these three important facets of fishery systems is the Fishery Performance Indicators (FPIs). The FPIs were designed to associate fishery...
The management of internationally shared fish stocks is a major economic, environmental and political issue. According to international law, these resources should be managed cooperatively under international fisheries agreements (IFAs). This paper studies the formation and stability of IFAs through a coalition game that accounts for both direct consumptive values...
Background: Many studies have suggested that fisheries management may affect fishing safety. However, there has been relatively little systematic analysis of how fisheries management affects safety or the extent to which changes in management can make fishing safer or less safe.
Methods: The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United...