The group of scientists that make up the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change found in 2007 that the warming of Earth’s climate is unequivocal and largely due to human activity. Earth’s climate has changed in the past, though the recent magnitude and pace of changes are unprecedented in human existence....
Questions: Are traits related to the performance of plant species in restoration? Are the relationships between traits and performance consistent across the functional groups of annual forbs, perennial forbs, and grasses? Do the relationships between traits and performance depend on neighboring functional groups? Location: A former agricultural field, being restored...
Results from vegetation management trials involving horticultural crops conducted during the past year are compiled and reported by faculty members of the Oregon Agricultural Experiment Station, the Oregon State Extension Service, and colleagues who cooperated from adjacent states along with local enterprises. This work was conducted throughout Oregon and involved...
Turbulent mixing of salt is examined in a shallow salt wedge estuary with strong fluvial and tidal forcing. A numerical model of the Merrimack River estuary is used to quantify turbulent stress, shear production, and buoyancy flux. Little mixing occurs during flood tides despite strong velocities because bottom boundary layer...
Wood and wood-based composites are being used extensively in single-family residential dwellings. Therefore, it is important to categorize their response when exposed to elevated temperatures for a sustained period of time. In fire-resistant design for wood structures, the main goal is to ensure that enough structural integrity is maintained, during...
The concept of sustainable resource management can be applied at multiple scales.
Monitoring is an essential component of sustainable natural resource management
schemes, and as we begin to confront the need to manage natural resources at the
global scale, the importance of monitoring at the global scale is also growing....
Research has found an upward trend in impulse buying in general, and impulse buying is frequently foreseen among mall shoppers. Impulse purchases account for over $4 billion in annual sales in the U.S. (Mogelonsky, 1998). Retailers have found that over 50 percent of mall shoppers purchase on impulse (Nichols et...
Thiamine diphosphate (vitamin B1) plays a fundamental role as an enzymatic cofactor in universal metabolic pathways including glycolysis, the pentose phosphate pathway, and the tricarboxylic acid cycle. In addition, thiamine diphosphate has recently been shown to have functions other than as a cofactor in response to abiotic and biotic stress...
We introduce a model for the surplus of nonprofit organizations (NPO). We assume two types of spending schemes for an NPO. Type I is a constant spending rate and Type II is a variable rate above and below a cut-off reserve level. Under steady state, we compute and compare the...
Epidermal RNA samples from FVB/N mice treated with PAH standards and
environmental PAH mixtures were harvested and purified using Trizol extraction and
RNeasy mini prep kit purification. Epidermal RNA integrity was low (RIN mean 3.5),
indicating significant RNA degradation and the need to modify handling, collection, and
processing of skin...
It has been claimed that stimuli signaling threat are processed rapidly and
draw our attention (e.g., Fox, Russo, & Dutton, 2002). Similarly, it has been
argued that expressions of fear have a strong pull on our attention because
they signal threat (e.g., Phelps, Ling, & Carrasco, 2006; Vuilleumier &
Schwartz,...
This study examines the impact of two decades of neoliberal policy reform on food production and household livelihood security in three West African countries. The rice sectors in The Gambia, Côte d’Ivoire, and Mali are scrutinized as well as cotton and its relationship to sorghum production in Mali. Although market...
We present an atmospheric inverse modeling framework to constrain terrestrial biosphere CO₂ exchange processes at subregional scales. The model is operated at very high spatial and temporal resolution, using the state of Oregon in the northwestern United States as the model domain. The modeling framework includes mesoscale atmospheric simulations coupled...
Marine and terrestrial ecologists rarely exchange information, yet comparing research from both sides of the land–sea boundary holds great potential for improving our understanding of ecological processes. For example, by comparing the interaction between tiger sharks (Galeocerdo cuvier) and dugongs (Dugong dugon) to that between gray wolves (Canis lupus) and...
The spatial variability of turbulence and surface heat flux are examined for the case of small air-surface temperature difference and modest sea-surface temperature variability. As a result of nonlinearities in the bulk formula, the heterogeneity is predicted to shift the area-averaged heat flux toward more significant upward values compared to...
Intraexciton transitions in semiconductor quantum wells are modulated by strong and tunable few-cycle terahertz pulses. Time-resolved terahertz-pump and optical-probe measurements demonstrate that the 1s heavy-hole and light-hole exciton resonances undergo large-amplitude spectral modulations when the terahertz radiation is tuned near the 1s–2p intraexciton transition. The strong nonlinear optical transients exhibit...
Satellite observations have revealed a remarkably strong positive correlation between sea surface temperature (SST) and surface winds on oceanic mesoscales of 10–1000 km. Although SST influence on the atmosphere had previously been identified from several in situ observational studies, its widespread existence in regions of strong SST gradients throughout the...
Most of the kinetic energy of ocean circulation is contained in ubiquitous
mesoscale eddies. Their prominent signatures in sea surface height have rendered satellite
altimetry highly effective in observing global ocean eddies. Our knowledge of ocean eddy
dynamics has grown by leaps and bounds since the advent of satellite altimetry...
While the impacts of long-term climate change trends on glacier hydrology have received much attention, little has been done to quantify direct glacier runoff contributions to streamflow. This paper presents an approach for determining glacier runoff contributions to streamflow and estimating the effects of increased temperature and decreased glacier area...
A guide for 4-H food preservation club leaders that includes tips on organizing content for club meetings, teaching techniques, food preservation experiments and standards for evaluating preserved food products, and a short history of food preservation.
Published January 2010. A more recent revision exists.Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
Fifty years ago, swine production was a lot different than it is today. Today, swine are being produced in much tighter confinement, which maximizes production and ultimately profit. As more people educate themselves about swine production, there seems to be an increasing level of concern for swine welfare in terms...
A succinct description of cultural practices for commercial cranberry production in Oregon, visually organized by growth stage throughout the year, from post-harvest through the following harvest.
Mealybugs, a family of soft, oval-bodied pests (Homoptera: Pseudococcidae), are known vectors (carriers) of the grapevine leafroll associated viruses (GLRaVs) of grape. This document gives details on how pheromone traps should be used to ensure optimal catches and early detection.
Gray mold, one of the most serious decay problems for pear fruit in the Pacific Northwest, is estimated to cause about $6 million in losses to the pear industry each year due to fruit rot in storage. These losses can be minimized by recognizing the factors that contribute to disease...
Ripening tomatoes are a familiar sight in Pacific Northwest gardens and fields during the late summer months. Because the storage life of fresh tomatoes is limited, many households preserve them for year-round enjoyment. Home canning is one of the most popular preservation methods.
When canning tomatoes and tomato products, safe...
Meat from big game animals (such as deer, antelope, elk, moose, and bear) is a nutritious choice for family meals. You'll enjoy eating it when it's good quality and well-prepared. For best flavor, it's important to handle game carcasses carefully and to butcher and store the meat correctly. This publication...
Published January 2010. Reviewed January 2014. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
The Oregon State University Extension Service Master Gardener Program is a voluntary educational
program designed to meet the community’s gardening needs. This publication provides an introduction to the program and the Master Gardener position.
Thomas More’s text, Utopia, introduces the word “utopia” in conjunction with an ideal society, prodding readers to think of “utopia” as synonymous with “ideal.” Indeed, Utopia is structured as an egalitarian and communal place, rendering it highly ideal to those wishing for equality in their own worlds. However, More overturns...
Focus is published by Oregon State University College of Forestry. Our goal is to keep Forestry alumni, friends, faculty, staff, and students informed about the College of Forestry and its many activities and programs.
Focus is published by Oregon State University College of Forestry. Our goal is to keep Forestry alumni, friends, faculty, staff, and students informed about the College of Forestry and its many activities and programs.
Met is a prognostic indicator of colorectal cancer patient survival. Therapies that target Met may therefore have beneficial outcomes in the clinic. Recently, EGCG was reported to suppress Met activation, although the mechanisms were not elucidated. HCT116 and HT29 human colon cancer cells were used to examine the relationships between...
Transacting siRNA (tasiRNA) biogenesis in Arabidopsis is initiated
by microRNA (miRNA) –guided cleavage of primary transcripts. In
the case of TAS3 tasiRNA formation, ARGONAUTE7 (AGO7)–
miR390 complexes interact with primary transcripts at two sites,
resulting in recruitment of RNA-DEPENDENT RNA POLYMERASE6
for dsRNA biosynthesis. An extensive screen for Arabidopsis mutants...
This project utilized both shore-based and shipboard commercial marine radar technology to collect wave statistics. In the first application a shore-based system was installed at Yaquina Bay in Newport, Oregon in order to collect real-time wave information. This information was collected under the auspices of the Northwest Association of Networked...
Concern over the increasing proportion of juvenile wood grown in second growth plantations has led to a large amount of research on the effects of common silvicultural practices on wood quality. Lacking is research on the effect of timing and
duration of vegetation control on wood quality near the pith...
Corporate social responsibility (CSR) can be defined as companies acting in accordance with societal demands. In recent years, CSR has gradually become a leading issue in business. Heightened corporate attention to CSR has not been entirely voluntary. Many companies awoke to it only after being surprised by public response to...
A proposed state-and-transition model (STM) for the Deep Sand Savannah ecological site in central New Mexico was developed using historical data and expert knowledge. This STM was tested utilizing data from short and long term one-seed juniper (Juniperus monosperma (Engelm.) Sarg.) control experiments initiated in 1981 and 1985. Utilizing data...