Fisheries is not the only discipline where models have been used in attempts to fine tune an aspect of the economy. Such fine tuning can prove ineffective because of the uncertainties in the scientific underpinnings of the models and because of the omission of critical elements. In fisheries, the biological...
This paper analyses the state of demersal fisheries in the North and Central Adriatic Sea (FAO Geographical Sub Area (GSA) 17) from an economic and social point of view. The analysis is performed using a set of 25 socio-economic indicators. Indicators represent a valid tool to support the decision making...
Fisheries regulations on fishing capacity are usually based on a nominal measurement such as limiting number of vessels of a fleet. However, the nominal measurement of fishing capacity has difficulty in capturing the actual fishing power enhanced by technological changes and potentially leads to biased measures on fishing capacity and...
The economic results of fishing harbours are a key issue for the sustainability of coastal economies. To deal with it, three harbour branches need to be analysed : the suppliers of goods and services, the fishing companies and the trading actors. The compatible state with constraints, various interactions and behaviours...
Traditional productivity measures have been much less prevalent than other measures of economic and biological performance in fisheries economics. It has been increasingly recognized, however, that modeling and measuring fisheries' production relationships is central to understanding and ultimately correcting the repercussions of externalities and poorly designed regulations. We use a...
The concept of an ecosystem approach to fisheries management (EAF) is reaching a point of general acceptance by those involved in fisheries. There is also growing agreement that fisheries management must incorporate the complicated and often not-well-understood links between human activities and the environment. As a primary goal of an...
The increasing move to citizen participation in policy formulation is being witnessed in European fisheries. The emergence of the Regional Advisory Councils (RACs) and other processes via the reformed Common Fisheries Policy (CFP) is sparking hope and interest in more regionally relevant, holistic, and hopefully workable fisheries management measures. In...
Why are fisheries policies so hard to reform? While there are many examples of successful policy reform in the sector, these tend to be restricted to a few countries or individual fisheries. There remains significant scope for further reform to address pressing economic, environmental and social issues in the sector....
The New Zealand Ministry of Fisheries recently set out a strategic approach to managing the adverse effects of fishing on the aquatic environment. The primary purpose of this Strategy for Managing the Environmental Effects of Fishing (SMEEF) is to set out how the Ministry of Fisheries will meet its environmental...
Commercial property rights in New Zealand are designed to address utilisation and sustainability issues relating to single-stock management. However, commercial property rights may not provide incentives that address environmental impacts of fishing if these impacts do not affect the value of the property right. But is it really that simple?...
The inability to find a solution – acceptable to sufficient stakeholders to achieve political agreement - to effectively adjust fisheries resources management systems and sector policies lies at the heart of most overexploitation tragedies. For developing countries the application of a technological approach - focusing on rights, maximizing single, economic...
This paper begins by outlining the history of the Rules of Origin negotiations in the World Trade Organization (WTO), unfinished business from the Uruguay Round that is separate from the current Doha Round. The treatment of products of the sea is one of a large number of unresolved issues; progress...
On the morning of 29 August 2005, Southeast Louisiana was decimated by the winds and flood surge associated with Hurricane Katrina. Shortly thereafter, Hurricane Rita played havoc on the Southwestern part of the state. Louisiana's commercial seafood industry, already on the decline for a number of reasons, including declining output...
The financial performance of the UK fishing fleet has been directly affected by high prices for diesel fuel. As a result, the fishing industry has been faced with an urgent need to reduce their dependency on fuel oil. The UK Sea Fish Industry Authority (Seafish) is leading a project part-funded...
Climate change and climate-induced changes are expected to increase in the future and are likely to cause adverse impacts, especially on aquatic resources and coastal communities, by affecting the productivity and distribution of fish stocks. This will have serious implications on future demand and supply of fish at the global...
World fisheries are characterized by ecological, economic and social costs which are not taken into account by current market mechanisms. However the sustainability of ecosystems and fishing activities depends on their taking into account in order to take the most suitable management decisions. Based on the consilience concept, the European...
The 2005 Gulf of Mexico hurricanes devastated not only fishing boats but also many businesses interdependent with fishermen: processing plants, ice plants, boat builders, net makers and other suppliers. Fuel prices and other expenses have increased. Wholesale catch prices are down due to damaged markets, lack of storage facilities and,...
Managed fisheries are frequently structured on a sector by sector basis with each sector defined by the type of user or use, for example commercial, recreational and indigenous sectors. Management arrangements for a sector, however, may not be formally integrated with those for other sectors. Consequent competition between sectors for...
This paper considers the modelling of aggregate price and quantity of aquaculture production in
the European countries since mid-80s. In general, the evolution of aquaculture production only
considers the evolution of total value and total weight. The heterogeneity of aquaculture
production is neglected. As a consequence, the unit value ('price')...
Maximum sustainable yield (MSY) has been recommended as a reference point for fisheries sustainability. However, like other reference points it is generally applied on a single-species basis. This has potentially significant biological implications in a complex multispecies fishery. MSY-based reference points also have economic implications for fisheries prosecuting the resource....
Accounting for endangered and protected sea turtle interactions with the pelagic longline fishery by the fishery management has become an important policy goal recently. A multi-objective programming model for Hawaii's longline fishery that incorporated sea turtle interactions (Pradhan and Leung, in press, Ecological Economics) has been extended with spatial and...
Great efforts have been made in order to manage the fisheries more sustainably, but so far, most of these efforts have failed. This is putting the welfare of current and future generations at risk. The fishing fleets have catching capacity that well exceeds the rate at which ecosystems can produce...
Waterways that are used for boating (both for recreation and commercial fishing) are increasingly being constrained out of concern for boater safety, the habitat and habitat-dependent stocks and wildlife. In Southwest Florida, a primary species of concern is the West Indian manatee, which is currently listed as an endangered species....
Fisheries co-management is now well-established in the literature as a fisheries governance approach (e.g., Wilson et al, 2003; Hanna, 2003; Pomeroy et al, 2001). While co-management regimes have historically developed from the amalgamation of traditional community management with government authority (e.g., Acheson, 2003; Makino, 2005) However, another key insight is...
"Slipper skippers", "absentee landlord" or "absentee ownership", "fleet separation policy"... All these expressions describe a single feature: the separation between two economic functions, ownership (who gets the right to access the resource) and production (who exerts the right). This issue is considered as highly sensitive in several places, such as...
According to the objective of stock recovery defined at the summit of Johannesburg, the optimal management of fisheries requires adequacy between the available resource and fishing capacity. However, matching this objective with another goal of economic and social sustainability is also of major importance. Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) methods are...
Hundreds of coastal communities located in Phang-nga Bay were exacerbated by Tsunami explosion. Fishers and fish
cage farmers accidentally lost their means of fishing and culturing operations to stabilize their conventional
livelihoods. The article is placed with two objectives in order to simply describe the re-building of coastal community
for...
This paper reports on an economic experiment conducted to examine the nature of rent dissipation in limited entry fisheries with aggregate quotas, and factors affecting fishermen's political support for changing to individual quota management. The experimental subjects are fishermen who participate in a series of fishing seasons. The experiment assumes...
The 2004 and 2005 hurricane seasons have been particularly devastating to the Gulf Coast region of the U.S. During 2004, hurricanes Charley and Ivan, among others, took dead aim at the Florida Gulf coast and caused excessive structural damage to residences and near-shore structures. These storms in general missed the...
Overcapacity in the form of excess fishing vessels or effort allocation often arises out of improved economic conditions and/or innovation in fishing methods and is generally associated with species overexploitation. With many fisheries fully or over-exploited, stakeholders are advocating product enhancement to add value to the fishery. A recent innovation...
The current Senate Bill to reauthorize the Magnuson/Stevens Act, the key US fishery management law,
will allow some significant changes in the way that Individual Transferable Quota programs can be
developed. First, the bill will expand the range of individuals who will be permitted to obtain harvesting
privileges. In addition...
To empirically study production structure and the capacity level at which vessels are harvesting, a short-run
translog cost function is estimated. From the estimated parameters, two capacity utilisation measures
are calculated (returns to scale and a dual capacity utilisation measure). Empirical results show that there
is no excess capacity in...
NOAA’s National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) was a key participant in the FAO technical and policy-level consultations of 1991-1999 that led to the FAO International Plan of Action for the Management of Fishing Capacity. The U.S. Plan of Action includes a commitment to prepare regular assessments of overcapacity in federally-managed...
The optimal economic exploitation of renewable resources has been a subject of great interest in the last few decades. Nevertheless many fish stocks have been damaged in such a way that economical exploitation is jeopardized or even interrupted. Consequently, an increasing number of fisheries are collapsing. Causes that are frequently...
In this paper we use stock size, harvest quantity and fishing effort, respectively, as strategic variables. We model a two agent (nations) non-cooperative fishery game, where the agents harvest a common fish stock. The planning horizon is infinite. The model is solved successively using one instrument at a time as...
Many international fisheries agreements involve sharing rules. These rules are normally stable rules, not contingent on shifts in the relative distribution or development of the resource. In the latest IPCC report,
the most likely future scenario is an increase in the global mean temperature, and most severely in high
latitudes....
The introduction of modern trawl fishing in Norway after the Second World War was intended to be the very platform for the modernisation of the fishing industry. Right up to the end of the seventies, market orientation and the absence of state regulation of fishing were on the agenda. However,...
Marine habitats and the fisheries they support may be modified through the use of human-made physical structures placed in the sea. These structures ('artificial reefs') serve a variety of functions, ranging from the traditional practice of food production to newer applications which include mariculture, tourism and resource conservation. The presentation...
The marine fisheries sector in India is currently going through a phase of socio-economic cum ecological turbulence.
The rate of growth in marine fisheries production, as evidenced by recent studies, is plateauing, if not, declining.
The need for initiating management options that promote sustainable resource utilization and stable livelihood
security...
Highly migratory fish stocks in the Western and Central Pacific Ocean are an important source of income
for those Pacific island nations through whose economic zones the stocks pass, and for distant water
fishing nations that target the stocks. Although the tropical stocks have been regarded in the past as...
This paper explores the possibility of using marine reserves to protect stocks subject to bycatch problems. The importance of migration rates and growth rates of both target and bycatch species and costs are analyzed. Pure open access equilibrium harvest of target species and stock level of bycatch species are compared...
Theorists and modelers have made significant progress in defining ecological and economic parameters
for measuring the 'costs' of fisheries. The social dimensions of such universal exercises, however, have
barely been worked upon. This is a serious omission. In the context of the EC-funded ECOST
programme, a group of social scientists...
This paper is based on work that the authors have carried out on EU financed projects in the South Western Indian
Ocean (SWIO) in collaboration with the Indian Ocean Tuna Commission and the Indian Ocean Commission (IOC)¹ on a range of fisheries management issue including, stock assessment, tagging and monitoring,...
Game-theoretic fisheries models typically consider cases where some n countries harvest a common fish
stock x. For this common resource they attempt to achieve an agreement that would be beneficial to all
countries. The present paper considers cases where the countries may be involved in several coexisting
agreements. We identify...
Studies on compliance with fishing regulations have looked at fishery crimes for which the offender faces a one-period
decision problem of maximizing an expected utility. Moreover, the returns to the crimes are uncertain
because the offender may lose them if caught. This paper extends these models by considering a fishery...
This paper demonstrates analytically how a nature reserve may protect the total population, realize maximum sustainable yield (MSY), maximum economic yield (MEY) and consumer surplus (CS) and how this depends on biological growth, migration, reserve size and economic parameters. The pre-reserve population is assumed to follow the logistic growth law...
Individual fishing quota programs are increasingly being used to establish property rights in commercial fisheries in the U.S. These programs are intended to promote resource conservation while improving economic efficiency. However, these rationalization programs are often criticized for their distributional consequences. In the Gulf of Alaska halibut fishery, there is...
A key conclusion of 'Net Benefits' - the landmark 2004 strategic review of the UK fishing industry - was that a sustainable UK fleet must make long-run profits adequate to invest in new boats, improve safety levels, pay good wages for skilled staff and be able to survive in years...
Fry production of milkfish (Chanos chanos), which is called “Milkfish Backyard Hatchery” or MBH in
Gerokgak District, North of Bali had been famous since 1995. The coastal area of the district is the largest place for
backyard hatcheries.
The research was conducted in Gerokgak District in the year of 2004....
Fisheries economists and fishery scientists have forcefully argued that access to fisheries has to be restricted so as to increase stock size, harvest and/or profitability compared to what would be the results of free access. Fisheries economists have pointed out that management by Individual Transferable Quotas (ITQs for short) fare...