Focus is published by Oregon State University College of Forestry. Our goal is to keep Forestry alumni, friends, faculty, staff, and students informed about the College of Forestry and its many activities and programs.
As the 2009 growing season comes to a close, we prepared this newsletter to provide information on several viticulture and enology issues important to the Oregon winegrape industry. We begin with the most immediate topic of this season – wine production with Dr. James Osborne and importance of wine superstars...
It’s that time of year when many of you are out and about scouting for the earliest signs of powdery mildew and implementing your vineyard spray programs throughout the state. Here’s a quick status update for powdery mildew forecasting and management.
This presentation summarizes a collaborative effort of the Wallowa Resources, Northeast Oregon Economic Development District and Oregon State University faculty members jointly affiliated with Extension Service and the Rural Studies Program to develop indicators of Wallowa County community vitality in a way that reflects the goals and values of the...
This document summarizes a collaborative effort of the Wallowa Resources, Northeast Oregon Economic Development District and Oregon State University faculty members jointly affiliated with Extension Service and the Rural Studies Program to develop indicators of Wallowa County community vitality in a way that reflects the goals and values of the...
Recent price increases for inorganic fertilizers have renewed interest in the use of nutrient-rich food processing by-products as nutrient sources. On the south Oregon coast, shrimp processing byproducts typically consist of the shrimp shells and heads of the Pacific pink shrimp that have undergone a cooking and peeling process. Shrimp...
Research & Innovative Services Proposal
Research Question:
Should OSU Libraries (OSUL) develop a mobile applications for searching the Libraries' available resources?
Research was conducted to determine the thermoelectric behavior of Co₉S₈, Co₉Se₈, CoSe, CoTe₂, CoSbSexSl-x (x=O, 0.25, 0.50, 0.75, 1.0), CoSbTe, AuTe₂, AuTe₁.₉₀Sb₀.₁₀, Au₀.₉₅Pt₀.₀₅Te₂, Au₀.₉₅Ag₀.₀₅Te₂, MnTe₂, MnTe₁.₉₅Sb₀.₀₅, MnTe₁.₉₀Sb₀.₁₀, CoSb₂, and Co₀.₉₅Fe₀.₀₅Sb₂. Recently discovered sodium cobalt oxide compounds have been found to have large Seebeck coefficients coupled with favorable thermal and electrical...
The objectives of this study were to evaluate the performance of wood-frame shear walls under monotonic and cyclic loads by: 1) determining variability of shear wall performance; 2) comparing performance of walls under each loading protocol; 3) evaluating effects of anchorage on wall perfor-mance; and 4) evaluating performance of walls...
This study investigates wind-driven circulation in the vicinity of the Heceta Bank complex along the Oregon shelf. Numerical experiments forced with steady winds (0.1 Pa) are conducted; upwelling and downwelling cases are compared. The asymmetric bank bathymetry is the only configurational difference from the symmetric bank runs analyzed in Part...
This study examines how coastal banks influence wind-driven circulation along stratified continental shelves. Numerical experiments are conducted for idealized symmetric banks; the standard bank (200 km long and 50 km wide) has dimensions similar to the Heceta Bank complex along the Oregon shelf. Model runs are forced with 10 days...
The decrease in mountain snowpack associated with global warming is difficult to estimate in the presence of the large year-to-year natural variability in observations of snow-water equivalent (SWE). A more robust approach for inferring the impacts of global warming is to estimate the temperature sensitivity (λ) of spring snowpack and...
We propose the experimental use of resazurin (Raz) and develop a metabolically active transient storage (MATS) model to include processes that may provide additional information on transient storage from a biogeochemical perspective in stream ecosystems. Raz is a phenoxazine compound that reduces irreversibly to resorufin (Rru) in the presence of...
In most estuarine systems it is assumed that the dominant along-channel momentum balance is between the integrated pressure gradient and bed stress. Scaling the amplitude of the estuarine circulation based on this balance has been shown to have predictive skill. However, a number of authors recently highlighted important nonlinear processes...
A reduced-gravity model is presented of the warm-water branch of the middepth meridional overturning circulation in a rectangular basin with a circumpolar connection. The model describes the balance between production of warm water by Ekman advection across the circumpolar current, dissipation of warm water by eddy fluxes southward across the...
Ship tracks appearing in both the morning and afternoon Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) imagery for the Pacific Ocean off the west coast of the United States were used to study the morning-to-afternoon evolution of marine stratus polluted by underlying ships and nearby uncontaminated stratus. Analyzed 925-hPa winds were used...
We show that death by dissolution is an important size-dependent mortality Utilizing a new experimental design, we were able to replicate saturation states frequently encountered by Mercenaria mercenaria in coastal deposits mercenaria were reared in sediments at Ωaragonite = 0.4 and 0.6, significant occurred (14.0% and 14.4% d⁻¹, respectively), relative...
The flux-gradient relationship of water vapor Fq was obtained from the Cooperative Atmosphere-Surface Exchange Study-1999 (CASES-99) field experiment, which was conducted on a flat and grassy field in the southeastern part of Kansas, USA, during October 1999. The CASES-99 data include turbulence measurements of wind, temperature, and vapor density along...
The origin of the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO), the leading mode of sea surface temperature variability for the North Pacific, is a matter of considerable debate. One paradigm views the PDO as an independent mode centered in the North Pacific, while another regards it as a largely reddened response to...
Here we present the first downcore results for a new paleoproxy, the Mn/Ca ratio of foraminiferal calcite, applied to sediment accumulated in the extreme Eastern Tropical North Pacific (ETNP) over the last 30,000 years. The Mn/Ca results are compared to oxygen isotopes and sea surface temperature calculated from Mg/Ca. We...
The collapse of the Laurentide Ice Sheet over Hudson Bay ∼8.47 ka allowed the rapid drainage of glacial Lake Agassiz into the Labrador Sea, an event identified as causing a reduction in Atlantic meridional overturning circulation (AMOC) and the 8.2 ka cold event. Atmosphere‐ocean models simulations based on this forcing,...
The optical intensity signals from surf zone waves in a laboratory flume are analyzed using several different phase‐averaging techniques, and a methodology is developed for estimating wave roller lengths and local wave dissipation. The intensity signals (i.e., phase‐averaged intensity profiles) of individual breaking waves are compared with the wave profiles...
The connectivity among straits of the northwest Pacific marginal seas is investigated with a primitive-equation ocean circulation model simulated for 10 years from 1994 to 2003. Over the simulation interval the temporal and spatial means and variations of the model sea surface temperature are comparable to those of the satellite...
This paper is included in the Proceedings, Part 1, of the International Conference on Computational Science 2009 (ICCS 2009) held in Baton Rouge, LA, USA, May 25-27, 2009.
The Gene Ontology (GO) Consortium (http://www.geneontology.org) (GOC) continues to develop,
maintain and use a set of structured, controlled
vocabularies for the annotation of genes, gene
products and sequences. The GO ontologies
are expanding both in content and in structure.
Several new relationship types have been introduced
and used, along with...
Gramene is a comparative information resource for plants that integrates data across diverse data domains. In this article,
we describe the development of a quantitative trait loci (QTL) database and illustrate how it can be used to facilitate
both the forward and reverse genetics research. The QTL database contains the...
We report measurements of the structural, optical, transport, and magnetic properties of single crystals of the
anisotropic p-type transparent semiconductor CuAlO₂. The indirect and direct band gaps are 2.97 and 3.47 eV,
respectively. Temperature-dependent Hall measurements yield a positive Hall coefficient in the measured range
and an activated carrier temperature...
A broad definition of forestry would include the study of trees, forests, and the habitat they provide as well as their use by people. Modern, "science-based" forestry began in the nineteenth century when Europeans looked for specialists who could address questions on wood supply and extraction both at home and...
Stormwater has traditionally been conveyed off a developed site as quickly as possible, primarily through pipes. This runoff is often stored in large ponds and/or treated in central facilities. As cities grow and development continues, more runoff is generated via impervious surfaces. Excessive runoff impacts the water quality of water...
This study reports on the creation and testing of a model concept-mapping process that will aid the development and documentation of ocean science educational content of The Science and Math Investigative Learning Experiences (SMILE) Program, a pre-college science and math enrichment program based at Oregon State University. The project uses...
Apex predators have experienced catastrophic declines throughout the world as a result of human persecution and habitat loss. These collapses in
top predator populations are commonly associated with dramatic increases in the abundance of smaller predators. Known as “mesopredator release,”
this trophic interaction has been recorded across a range of...
Discusses options for managing major insect pests and diseases of conifers in Oregon forests: bark beetles, wood borers, and ambrosia beetles; defoliators; aphids, adelgids, and scale insects; terminal and branch insects and pitch moths; root diseases; stem decays; foliage diseases; canker diseases and canker-causing rust diseases; and mistletoes. Extensive references...
Managing the financial affairs of a direct marketing operation includes:
• Raising capital
• Identifying financial objectives and creating plans to achieve them
• Budgeting for the future flow of cash receipts and disbursements (cash
management)
• Controlling the use and distribution of funds
• Protecting the operation’s assets
Capital...
Selecting the right people to meet and serve customers is an important
decision in establishing and operating a direct farm market outlet. When
selecting and training employees, remember that customers expect a cordial atmosphere and friendly service. You want employees who are alert for opportunities to be of service, who...
Selecting a good location for a direct farm‑to‑consumer enterprise is of primary importance in direct marketing. Although roadside stands, U-pick operations, and farmers markets can and do operate in different locations and settings, certain key factors contribute to a satisfactory direct market location:
• Being on a well‑traveled road near...
A successful direct farm maketing business requires a knowledge and understanding of effective marketing and management practices. This publication discusses what services and choices to offer customers and how to price and promote items for sale.
Strategies for managing production and marketing costs ensure greater
profitability and stability, especially for direct marketers who decide to expand and diversify their operations. In developing these strategies, it is important to understand concepts such as fixed and variable costs, depreciation, and interest. These concepts can help you develop budgets...
With the renewed interest in direct marketing activity, more and more farmers are asking, Is direct farm‑to‑consumer marketing the answer? This question can best be answered after assessing:
• Personal abilities and desire to sell directly to consumers
• The farming operation’s compatibility with direct marketing
The assessment should also...
With color photos and text, describes principal insect pests of hazelnuts (filberts) including their life stages, symptoms of infestation, and techniques for sampling population levels. Also describes beneficial insects (generalist natural enemies) that can combat pest insects.
Scours is the common name for diarrhea in calves. Diarrhea is a disease
of the digestive system characterized by watery feces and increased
frequency of bowel movements.
The high water content in the feces results in water loss from the body
(dehydration). Along with water, the body loses electrolytes, which...
Winter grain mite, Penthaleus major (Duges), is a small, colorful, cool season mite that damages grass and cereal crops throughout the Pacific Northwest as well as in most other temperate regions of the world. Hosts include most cereals and grasses of economic importance. Winter grain mite has been a frequent...
Many factors can cause distorted growth in grapevines. One cause of distorted growth is a disorder known as Short Shoot Syndrome (SSS), which is associated with mite feeding damage. However, similar abnormal growth symptoms can be caused by spring frost damage, herbicide damage, vine imbalance (overcropping of vines), nutrient deficiency...
El fósforo es un componente esencial para toda forma de vida, tanto para las plantas como para los animales, incluso los seres humanos. El fósforo es importante para la productividad del suelo y el crecimiento de plantas. Por eso, los dueños de casa a menudo fertilizan el césped con grandes...
Soluble butane monooxygenase (sBMO), a three-component di-iron monooxygenase complex
expressed by the C2–C9 alkane-utilizing bacterium Thauera butanivorans, was kinetically
characterized by measuring substrate specificities for C1–C5 alkanes and product inhibition
profiles. sBMO has high sequence homology with soluble methane monooxygenase (sMMO) and
shares a similar substrate range, including gaseous and...