Silicon integrated circuit (IC) technology has enabled numerous electrical and optical sensors used in biological and chemical assays, where they can increase performance while decreasing cost and size compared to traditional detectors. There is significant potential to further leverage IC technology for lab-on-chip applications, creating affordable and portable medical diagnostic...
This work describes the design and modification of a commercial children’s ride-on car to effectively collect usage data. The design is cheap and could be easily modified to gather more information. This will serve as a viable way to collect information about how motorized independence can help children with developmental...
Electricity is at the center of attention as today many essential systems (water, gas, communications, and the internet for example) and infrastructures depend on its continuity for their smooth functioning. On the other hand, electricity power networks have developed and became large, and highly complex technical systems, geographically extended, requiring...
Substations are a crucial element at the transmission and distribution level of electric power systems. The primary substation equipment (power transformers and high voltage switching equipment) is used to transfer and transform electric energy by stepping up or down the voltage in transmission substations. Secondary equipment (such as IEDs, Intelligent...
Model Predictive Control (MPC) has previously been investigated on ocean waveenergy converters (WEC) to improve the amount of power captured, while respectingthe system constraints. Previous research done in the same area, focused onbuilding a control scheme by using the knowledge of the past & current statesof the system and predicting...
As the future electrical power systems tend towards smarter and greener technology, thedeployment of self-sufficient networks, or microgrids, becomes more likely. Microgridsmay operate on their own or synchronized with the main grid, thus control methodsneed to take into account islanding and reconnecting said networks. Isolation of subnetworks may be necessary...
This dissertation focuses on extending the application scope of surface enhanced infrared absorption spectroscopy to gas sensing. The method we propose is incorporating plasmonic nanostructures with nano-composite material, metalorganic framework, which can selectively preconcentrate certain gas molecules into the nanopores. The preconcentrating property is first demonstrated by applying metal-organic framework...
Scalable array transceivers with wide frequency tuning range are attractive for next-generationradios. Key challenges for such radios include generation of LO signals with widefrequency tuning range, scalable synchronization between multiple array unit cells andtolerance to in-band and out-of-band interferers. This thesis presents approaches toaddress these challenges in commercial CMOS technologies.The...
When the term renewable energy is mentioned in a conversation, wind, solar, and hydro energy typically come to mind. However, there is one major resource that has remained mostly untapped: wave energy. Wind and solar power technologies are well established around the world but they cannot generate electricity all the...
Load modeling that can accurately represent the dynamic behavior of generators and loads is important in the operation and planning of transmission and distribution systems. Yet, it is a complex subject in power system research communities and electric utilities. The composition of the end-use loads is changing continually based on...
Wave energy converters (WECs) are a broad class of emerging technology that converts hydrokinetic energy into some other useful form, such as electricity. The last stage in this transformation, the power take-off (PTO) subsystem, is often not experimentally evaluated until half-way through the recommended development process. This delay in evaluation...
Hydropower is the one of the oldest renewable energy technologies and is wrongly thought of today as having little room to grow. The opportunity for new hydropower capacity is immense through both technology advancement and run-of-river new stream reach projects. Despite the age of hydropower, a divide in opinion is...
This thesis investigates a novel cycloid electric machine that integrates both cycloid gear drive and permanent magnet synchronous machine (PMSM), and proposes to apply the machine in robotic transmission system. Cycloid gear drive is a transmission device that is commonly used to boost up the output torque. It has been...
Most of today’s Internet of Things (IoT) applications assume that data will be moved offdevices into centralized cloud platforms. While existing IoT systems leverage cloud-based analytics for meaningful data reasoning, the assumption that data should always be moved off the devices is problematic. The amount of data to be moved...
This work presents a new data encoding scheme: Integrated Pulse Width Modulation (iPWM) for equalizing lossy wireline channels with the aim of achieving energy efficient wireline communication. The proposed scheme is able to overcome the fundamental limitations imposed by Manchester and Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) encoding on high data rate...
The increasing demand for higher data-rates in spectrum-deficient indoor WiFi networks calls for the adaptation of hybrid systems, consisting of RF and optical wireless channels. The novel hybrid WiFi Free-Space Optical (WIFO) system was introduced to enhance the wireless capacity of indoor WiFi networks. In this thesis, an optical wireless...
The trend towards higher resolution, faster refresh rate active-matrix liquid-crystal displays (AMLCDs) as well as the emergence of active-matrix organic light-emitting diode (AMOLED) displays is driving the demand for amorphous oxide semiconductor thin-film transistors (AOS TFTs) with higher mobility. A physics-based model for carrier transport in an amorphous semiconductor is...
Mobile video streaming has become an essential application in mobile wireless networks,making up most of the mobile data of today’s Internet traffic. Studies have shown that mobile video data is projected to make up about 78 percent of the global mobile data traffic, and that global mobile data traffic is...
Several frequency and amplitude estimation algorithms are presented for balanced and unbalanced three-phase power grid systems. All the estimators are dynamic in nature and are implemented in the complex domain by transforming the three-phase power signals using Clarke’s transform. Specifically, we first construct a non-linear dynamic model of the complex...
The need to detect trace amounts of target molecules is great, particularly when it comes to biosensing. With the early detection of a disease, the odds of the successful treatment of an individual increases significantly. To enhance the capability of biomolecular detection, we have created an optical biosensor capable of...
The electrical stability of amorphous indium-gallium-zinc oxide (a-IGZO) thinfilmtransistors (TFTs) is investigated for flat-panel display applications. Althoughproducts incorporating a-IGZO TFT backplanes are already commercially available,e.g., iMac with 5K retina display, technical challenges need to be addressed for nextgenerationapplications, e.g., active-matrix organic light-emitting diode displays.Device stability is one crucial issue. The...
The internet-of-things is a growing market segment which is based on an arrayof portable communication devices with high power efficiency. Advanced semiconductortechnology can easily improve their digital performance, but the samecannot be said for the analog blocks which are vital to their operation. Highperformance analog circuits continue to use conventional...
We demonstrated a low-cost and high-sensitivity DNA detection method using quantum dot-fullerene based molecular beacons (MBs) and magnetic nanoparticles. The MB tethered magnetic nanoparticles can be well dispersed in analytes for efficient DNA capture and concentrated by an external magnetic field for enhanced fluorescence signal detection. The detection requires only...
Energy consumption has become a great deal for cloud service providers due to financial as well as environmental concerns. Studies show that cloud servers operate, most of the time, at only between 10% and 50% of their maximal utilizations. These same studies also show that servers that are kept ON...
Cognitive radio technology emerges as a promising solution for overcoming shortage and inefficient use of spectrum resources. In cognitive radio networks, secondary users, which are users equipped with cognitive radios, can opportunistically access spectrum assigned to primary users, the spectrum license holders. Although it improves spectrum utilization efficiency, this opportunistic...
The rapid scaling of network bandwidth and data center throughput has motivated the wide adoption of high speed transceivers. Silicon photonics (Si-Photonic) is one of the most promising techniques to realize tightly integrated optical transceivers for next-generation high speed I O standards. This dissertation focuses on the design techniques of...
In this work, an alternating current (ac) magnetic susceptometer is designed and implemented to track the Brownian relaxation time of magnetic nanoparticles that are suspended in a liquid medium. The detection technique based on the Brownian relaxation time of magnetic nanoparticles has found its way in a variety of biosensing...
Back end of line (BEOL) metal-insulator-metal capacitors (MIMCAPs) have become a core passive component in modern integrated circuits. International Technology Roadmap for Semiconductors (ITRS) projections for scaling of analog/mixed-signal MIMCAP applications require simultaneously increasing capacitance density while maintaining low leakage current density and low voltage nonlinearity (characterized by the quadratic...
Triangulateration uses geometric distance to estimate the location of user by employing techniques like received signal strength (RSS), time-of-arrival (TOA), time-difference-of-arrival (TDOA) and image processing.
Radio frequency (RF) signal positioning using TOA or TDOA techniques generally requires timing synchronization of the anchors and/or the anchors and targets. If the desired...
We explored an optofluidic sensing mechanism from inkjet-printed droplets on diatom biosilica using surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS). Our study revealed a new biosensing strategy that combines the microscopic fluidic flow induced by the droplet evaporation and the photonic crystal effects of diatom frustules, which can provide an ultra-sensitive, cost-effective biosensing...
Coverage algorithms for deployment of WiFO - a hybrid femtocell architecture based on WiFi and Free Space Optical (FSO) technologies are studied to significantly increase wireless throughput of existing WiFi networks. In contrast with existing WiFi networks, WiFO incorporates small cell size, line of sight transmissions, and the Gaussian attenuation...
Massive Multiple-User Miltiple-Input Multiple-Output (MU-MIMO) wireless communication systems incorporate promising advanced strong technologies for upcoming 5G communications. To obtain some of the high spectrum and energy e ciencies bonuses brought by MU-MIMO systems, the ability to obtain Channel State information, especially on the receiver side (CSI), is important. To minimize...
Hyperthermia is a cancer therapy that relies on the local heating of a cancerous tumor to kill cancer cells and disrupt the future growth of the tumor. While hyperthermia is capable of killing tumors separately, physicians often combine it with other treatment methods, typically radiation therapy, for its synergistic effects...
With explosive growth of Internet access from smart phones and tablets, increasing bandwidth for WIFI system is badly needed. Depending on two years’ research, we produced a novel communication system called WIFO system, which integrates both RF (Radio Frequency) and FSO (Free Space Optical) techniques. WIFO system can significantly increase...
In college transmission lines courses, students are expected to understand how different circuit configurations affect the signals on a transmission line. Having a way to visualize these signals can greatly improve their learning experience. This thesis details the development of an open source, interactive learning tool used to illustrate fundamental...
The majority of power system cascading models assume that system operators will
react perfectly and timely to an electrical event. However, as evidenced by several
blackouts in the last decades, the inadequate system operators’ situation awareness
and response can contribute significantly to the severity of an electrical disturbance.
Under these...
Wireless power transfer (WPT) is a way to transfer power from one device to another without any wire or cable connections. Although the technology has been around for more than 100 years, it is gaining popularity in recent years due to the ever-increasing demand for faster and more frequent charging...
Due to a lack of grain boundaries, an amorphous metal thin film (AMTF) possesses advantageous mechanical properties and enhanced chemical stability that is potentially useful for thermal inkjet (TIJ) printing applications. The use of an AMTF as a TIJ resistor or cavitation plate could lead to a thinner TIJ cavitation...
As the CMOS process scales down to submicron, digital circuit performance improves, while reduced supply voltage and lower transistor intrinsic gain make it difficult to implement analog circuits in a power efficient manner. Therefore, it has become advantageous to shift more analog signal processing functions conventionally realized in voltage (analog)...
Recent sensor System-on-Chips (SoC) have enabled significant advances in energy-efficiency by incorporating various micro-powered building blocks. Unfortunately, most of these sensor systems do not address the high power cost associated with data storage and transmission, which in some cases vastly exceeds the power consumed by the rest of the SoC....
Spintronics is an emerging field of research wherein the electron spin instead of, or along with, the conventional electron charge may be utilized in developing next generation logic devices. One of the most promising aspects of spintronics is that information transfer may be achieved by spin waves in logic devices,...
Recently, there has been peaked interest in developing high energy producing and optimized power take-off topologies for Wave Energy Converters (WEC). As large as the potential of the oceans may seem, harnessing that energy and effectively converting it to electricity in significant amounts is a challenge. Currently, there are no...
The current state of research on gossip techniques for wireless broadcasting is very limited because past research efforts have mostly focused on using gossip techniques for multicast communication. On the other hand, those research efforts that have focused on using gossip techniques for wireless broadcast communications ignore energy efficiency and...
It has been estimated that data traffic from the different mobile devices that range from smartphones to machine-to-machine (M2M) devices will exceed 15.9 exabyte per month by the year 2018. With this immense data growth, the current wireless communication systems suffer from the scarcity of the radio spectrum and eventually...
In bioacoustics, automatic animal voice detection and recognition from audio recordings is an emerging topic for animal preservation. Our research focuses on bird bioacoustics, where the goal is to segment bird syllables from the recording and predict the bird species for the syllables. Traditional methods for this task addresses the...
This dissertation presents a phase domain in-loop-bandwidth spread-spectrum clock generation technique. In this proposed technique, a charge-based discrete-time loop filter is proposed to enable the phase domain in-loop-bandwidth spread-spectrum modulation without a delta-sigma modulator or time-to-digital converter. The in-loop-bandwidth modulation technique maximizes the loop bandwidth to improve phase noise suppression...
This dissertation focuses on the development of ultra-compact optical devices for free-space modulation. We propose a surface-normal modulator using metallic photonic crystals for free-space optical interconnects. The active control of light intensity is achieved by engineering the Fano resonances in metallic photonic crystals. Both thermo-optic modulation and electro-optic modulation of...
This project is a custom output stage for a two-channel signal source design project at Oregon State. Starting in January, I began leading a team tasked with the development of an arbitrary waveform generator via the CreateIT Collaboratory at OSU. Undergraduate students interview into the CreateIT Collaboratory and are assigned...
Incremental ADCs (IADCs) have found wide applications in sensor interface circuitry since, compared to ∆Σ ADCs, they provide low-latency high-accuracy conversion and easy multiplexing among multiple channels. On the other hand, continuous-time ∆Σ ADCs (CTDSM) have been receiving more and more attention as a power-efficient solution in targeting medium to...
In wireless communication, channel state information (CSI) is essential for data detection. Fast fading coefficients estimation is important in order to acquire accurate CSI. Kalman filters (KF) are widely used for real time parameter estimation and can be used to estimate the fast fading coefficients of a mobile communication channel....
Deep learning has greatly improved visual recognition in recent years. However, recent research has shown that there exist many adversarial examples that can negatively impact the performance of such an architecture. Different from previous perspectives that focus on improving the classifiers to detect the adversarial examples, this work focuses on...
Massive MIMO is a promising technique for future 5G communications due to its high spectrum and energy efficiency. To realize its potential performance gain, accurate channel state information at transmitter side (CSIT) is essential. Frequency division duplex (FDD) is widely employed by the most cellular systems today. However, it requires...
Transparent conductive oxides (TCOs), primarily indium doped tin oxide, have been widely used in numerous fields since decades ago, such as solar cells, displays, OLEDs and ‘smart windows’ etc. Owing to the scarcity of indium, there is a great demand for new alternative materials. Metal/insulator/metal (MIM) diodes are a critical...
Magnetic thin films have potential to improve devices such as on-chip inductors, and enable new technologies such as magnetic random access memory (MRAM).
The use of magnetic cores in on-chip inductors is typically limited to applications well under 1 GHz. At higher frequencies, the performance of the magnetic core is...
As scaling of silicon (Si) based devices approaches fundamental limits, thin film metal-insulator-metal (MIM) tunnel diodes are attracting interest due to their potential for high speed operation. Because operation of these devices is based on tunneling, electrode / interfacial roughness is critical. Recently, it was shown that combining ultra-smooth bottom...
The National Conference of State Legislatures NCSL declares that 29 states have
been active in adopting and increasing renewable portfolio standards. Present
renewable portfolio standards require utilities to increase integration of renewable
energy sources such as photovoltaic (PV). The increased penetration of PV systems
is expected to destabilize the power...
Disaster response robots need to be simultaneously able to survive extreme environment and complete the mission efficiently and robustly. One of the determinants is the performance of the actuators in each joint, which drive the robot to the desired motion accurately. In robotics society, people usually build their robots directly...
Inkjet printing offers a cost effective, highly customizable method for rapid manufacturing of functional devices with minimal material waste. Although this method has been used for a variety of composites, little work has been done in the area of 3D printing magnetic composites. Presented here is a process for inkjet...
As the price of broadband access service becomes more affordable, the number of homes with WiFi and public WiFi hotspots in the US are projected to increase significantly in the next few years. However, limited capacity of existing WiFi networks fail to provide adequate bandwidth for densely populated areas. Therefore,...
This work presents the design and implementation of a low power phased-array receiver frontend at 28 GHz in 65 nm CMOS. The frontend incorporates a low- power low-noise amplifier(LNA) and a passive reflection-type phase shifter (RTPS) capable of providing 360° phase shift with 5-bit phase resolution and low loss variation....
Modern variable speed machine drive (VSMD) systems are used for a variety of purposes including generation, propulsion, pumps and compressors. They employ high switching frequency power electronics to drive the electric machine. The machine is subject to large voltage overshoot if long power cables, are used, called Reflected Wave Phenomena...
Recent opportunities for new hydropower generation in the United States have often been in non-powered dams and run-of-river type flows occurring in low-impact natural areas and unregulated conduits. At the same time, a changing water resource paradigm is challenging some existing generation in drought stricken areas where supply reservoirs behind...
Hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) schemes combine packet retransmission with forward error correction to ensure a reliable communications. In multiple-input multiple output (MIMO) systems, interference cancellation (IC) detection is widely used where the detection and cancellation steps of the simultaneously transmitted data streams occur. In principle, the signal stream estimated...
Wireless localization of objects is useful for several applications that require the knowledge
of position of objects or people. Additionally, power extraction from wireless
signals eliminates the need for wires or any physical connections for charging. This
project is based on system-level testing of an integrated circuit (IC) that combines...
Diabetes is a pandemic that affects nearly 29.1 million Americans and the fourth leading cause of mortality in the US. Type 1 diabetes is a chronic condition which occurs due to little to no production of insulin by the pancreas. This form of diabetes requires constant monitoring of blood glucose...
Threshold-based time of arrival (TOA) estimation is a technique for high-precision indoor localization. Existing threshold selection methods, such as xed thresh- old and normalized threshold methods, do not consider the signal-to-noise radio (SNR) value at the receiver. This is not desired for high-precision positioning. A proper threshold value depends on...
Optical wireless communication (OWC) is an alternative to radio frequency (RF)communication with a signi cantly larger and unregulated spectrum. In OWC systems, optical orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (O-OFDM) with intensity modulation and direct detection (IM/DD) is commonly used. There are two common signal structures in most OWC systems based on...
Advances in low-power digital integration and microelectro-mechanical systems (MEMS) have paved the way for micro-sensors. These sensors are equipped with data processing capabilities along with sensory circuits. Sensor data are processed on these individual sensors and transmitted to the target (sink). Lowcost integration and small sizes of these sensors have...
This honors undergraduate thesis examines the process of simulating power system state estimation, the use of the alternating direction method of multipliers in the problem of distributed power system state estimation, and provides a rudimentary asynchronous implementation of the above for a linearized DC power system. The asynchronous implementation is...
The design of mobile wireless devices has always focused on reducing power, area, and cost. This dissertation proposes two techniques that are leveraged to save power and area and therefore cost. The first techniques reduces the noise in the receiver and results in a relaxed power requirement. The second technique...
We demonstrated a sensitive biosensor based on plasmonic metal composite nanostructures. The device can be fabricated and duplicated with ease using a novel nanoprinting technology which allows precise transfer of metal nanostructures without complicated lithography processes. The design featured by its unique material composition and sub-wavelength structures maximizes the exposure...
Impulse-radio ultra-wide-band (IR-UWB) signaling is a promising technique
for high-speed, short-range relay communications networks. Depending on how
the relay node retransmits the signal, there are two main relay schemes: conventional
one-directional (one-way) relay model, and bi-directional (two-way) relay
model. In bi-directional relay communications, wireless network coding (WNC),
also called physical-layer...
All-digital PLLs promise flexible and precise frequency modulation continous-wave(FMCW) radar signal signal for 77GHz radar applications. Such PLLs require digitally-controlled oscillators(DCO) with wide frequency tuning range and high resolution to address a range of applications and low phase noise requirements. In this thesis, novel resonator structures with ne capacitance/inductance switching...
The ability to accurately locate people and objects indoors will enable opportunities for control and automation of indoor environments. Current indoor localization solutions require dedicated hardware which must be custom tailored to each application. There are large technological, societal, and economic benefits in developing a more general purpose system that...
This dissertation focuses on the analysis, design, and application of inductor-capacitor (LC) oscillators for wireless sensor networks (WSNs).
First an analysis and design optimization approach for enhanced swing, low power CMOS LC oscillators is presented. A phasor based analysis is used for determining the amplitude and phase noise of these...
A power inverter, or inverter, is an electronic device or circuitry that converts direct currents (DC) to alternating currents (AC) in the power electronics family. A three-phase inverter converts DC current to three-phase AC current. Inverters, especially three-phase inverters, have been widely used in many fields including renewable energy applications...
Due to the popularity of electronically controlled loads and the widespread use of alternative energy sources such as wind turbines and solar cells, the power quality at the distribution level must be carefully monitored. One of the many different means to monitor power quality is through frequency measurements. Nonlinearities cause...
In the past few decades, magnetic recording has been used as a dominant solution for massive data storage due to its large capacity, excellent reliability and low cost. Nowadays, exponentially increasing user-generated information is creating a huge demand as well as great challenges for high density data storage solutions. For...
In recent years there have been many improvements in the reliability of critical infrastructure systems. Despite these improvements and despite targeted efforts to improve the operation and control of the electric grid, the power systems industry has seen relatively small advances in this regard. For instance, today's power system is...
Synchrophasor technology has gained great momentum with the widely adopted concept of smart grids in power systems at transmission and generation level. This has led to an improved state estimation of a power system with the advent of Phasor Measurement Units (PMU). PMUs contribute in providing real-time information about the...
For today’s ubiquitous portable devices, innovative integrated circuits with high performance
yet very low power are necessary. As these devices are used to communicate and sense real world signals in the environment, analog-to-digital converters (ADC) and systems are the key interface circuits needed to digitize the sensed information and they...
As screen resolution and video decoding capability have increased, high-definition (HD) video in resolutions as high as 1920 x 1080 is rapidly becoming the standard. Ad-hoc streaming of HD video over 802.11 wireless networks, e.g., streaming from a mobile device to a television, is convenient for users, but is hampered...
The objective of the work presented herein is the development of the extended Kalman filter for nonlinear system modeling. A standard Kalman filter is a well-known filter for estimating the state of a system, assuming the system is linear and it has a Gaussian distribution in its noise. In reality,...
Cognitive Radio Networks (CRNs) enable opportunistic access to the licensed channel resources by allowing unlicensed users to exploit vacant channel opportunities. One effective technique through which unlicensed users, often referred to as Secondary Users (SUs), acquire whether a channel is vacant is cooperative spectrum sensing. Despite its effectiveness in enabling...
The complexity of designing and testing today's system on chip (SOC) is increasing due to greater integrated circuit (IC) density and higher IO and memory frequencies. SOCs for the mobile phone and tablet market have the unique challenge of short product development windows, at times less than six months, and...
In the past two years, Oregon State University (OSU) Corvallis campus suffered several power outages. The estimated cost of one of those outages was close to a million dollars worth of equipment and impact on research projects. Meanwhile, the campus grid operates with severely aging power assets. The reliability of...
This paper introduces an approach to text classification for semi-structured label systems that have poor performance with standard methods. With the perspective that perfect classification for such a system is unattainable, we demonstrate an automated procedure to isolate the learnable elements of the problem. Through analysis of an example dataset,...
Wireless High Definition Video Transmission (WHDVT) over 802.11-based networks enjoys widespread deployment among today's multimedia solutions. Examples include Intel® Wireless Display and Apple Airplay®, to name a few. In these systems, peer-to-peer networks are established over which H.264-encoded video is transported wirelessly to be decoded and played back at the...
Graphs have a wide variety of real-world applications. In the area of social networks, graphs are composed of individuals and their relationships with others. Analysis of social networks led to the discovery of the small-world phenomena, which is also known as six degrees of separation. Our analysis is focused on...
A Confederate soldier turned cowboy, fresh off the front lines of the Civil War, Cain Bradshaw is a hard man who keeps to himself, content to work the cattle train and bury himself in the oblivion offered by the wilds of the scarcely tamed West. But when dumb chance and...
Low-distortion architecture is widely used in wideband discrete-time switched-capacitor delta-sigma ADC design. However, it suffers from the power-hungry active adder and critical timing for quantization and dynamic element matching (DEM). To solve this problem, this dissertation presents a delta-sigma modulator architecture with shifted loop delays. In this project, shifted loop...
The objective of the work reported herein is to explore the impact of decreasing channel thickness on radio-frequency (RF) sputtered amorphous indium-gallium-zinc oxide (a-IGZO) thin-film transistors (TFTs) electrical performance through the evaluation of drain current versus gate voltage (I[subscript D] − V[subscript G]) transfer curves. For a fixed set of...
Increased penetration of renewable energy sources results in higher operating reserve requirements, due to the inherent variability and uncertainty of these resources. Many studies, primarily focusing on wind and solar, have determined that geographic diversity of variable renewables substantially reduces system variability and uncertainty. The Pacific Northwest is well suited...
IO transactions within a computer system have evolved along with other system components (i.e., CPU, memory, video) from programmed IO (PIO). In current mainstream systems (spanning from HPC to mobile) the IO transactions are CPU-centric descriptor-based DMA transactions. The key benefit is that slower IO devices can DMA write system...
The objective of the research presented herein is to elucidate the effect of traps in determining amorphous oxide semiconductor thin-film transistor (AOS TFT) performance using modeling and characterization. A novel method is proposed to extract the interface state distribution from a TFT transfer curve. Analysis of zinc-indium oxide (ZIO), zinc-tin...
Recent blackout events consistently show that a variety of mechanisms are involved in cascading outages. These cascading mechanisms are irregularly modeled and validated within the existing literature and industry practices. Understanding the relative significance of these different mechanisms is important for choosing which one(s) needs to be modeled for specific...
Analog to digital converters (ADCs) are a critical part of communication between the physical world and the increasingly digital systems humans use every day. ADCs have inherent non-idealities that degrade performance. Nonlinearity is one of the most prevalent non-idealities that designers face. While calibration methods for nonlinearity exist in the...
Data converters are essential interface circuits between the analog world that people live in and the digital processors that people live with. Linearity, which often is a tradeoff against other performance criteria, is one of the major performance demands from applications for both analog-to-digital converts (ADC) and digital-to-analog converters (DAC)....
Permanent magnet synchronous machines (PMSMs) are widely used in electric vehicles and hybrid electric vehicles to propel the wheels. Various control strategies have been developed for PMSM drive systems to achieve both high efficiency and safe operation. In a PMSM drive system, generally the high voltage battery and the power...