Multibeam sonar data was collected on Nehalem Bank, off of the Oregon Coast with the purpose of increasing the spatial resolution of our knowledge of the area and delineating seafloor habitats. The system used was the Kongsberg Simrad EM-300 operating at 30 kHz. The data set collected includes both topographic...
In the highly competitive animal protein market, seafood faces increasing pressure to improve and standardize product quality. While there is general consensus that quality can be improved for many seafood products, there is little agreement on the types and levels of characteristics that should define "quality." This is a fundamental...
A student in the Marine Resource Management program is encouraged to select course work in any school and department at Oregon State University. At the same time, the student selects and develops a personalized scientific orientation from the multi-disciplinary curriculum and faculty in the School of Oceanography. Recommended or required...
The Sapelo Island National Estuarine Sanctuary (will be referred to
as Sapelo Island Estuarine Sanctuary) has been in operation since 1976,
but to this date no management plan has been drafted or implemented. Management
of the Sanctuary has changed from the management structure outlined in
the initial Sanctuary Proposal and...
The 14-km long Netarts Littoral Cell, located on the northern Oregon coast, experienced episodic erosion as a result of the severe 1997-98 El Nino and 1998-99 La Nina. The erosion events led to the development of a unique partnership bridging scientists, stakeholders, and various planning agencies. To address these erosion...
The leasing of submerged and submersible lands is emerging as a new marine conservation method. Using a geographic information system, this study: (1) examines the suitability of estuary tideland sites for conservation leasing in Lincoln County, Oregon, and (2) explores the relationship between adjacent terrestrial land use zones and the...
At the May 19, 1982 meeting of the Governing Council of the
United Nations Environment Program, Kenya President Daniel Arap
Moi summarized a growing international feeling that there is a
need for non-governmental organizations (NGOs) to get more
involved in international conservation efforts with the following
statement:
"The issue before...
Nonpoint source pollution is currently the major source of water pollution in Oregon as
well as the United States as a whole. The Environmental Protection Agency designated
marinas as one of the sources of nonpoint pollution to coastal waters. In an effort to
reduce nonpoint pollution from marinas and to...
The work described herein entailed three separate but related
education/outreach activities aimed at distinct audiences. This portfolio required
acquisition of a range of skills in order to effectively convey information in a fashion accessible to each target audience. The first project consists of contributions to a
sample chapter of a...
Oregon's estuarine wetland landscapes have been changed, especially since the nineteenth century, by diking, dredging, fills, and other alterations. These alterations have removed wetlands from the estuaries, and with them, have removed wetland functions. Currently, efforts are being made to restore estuarine wetlands. The first step in
selecting a site...
Rapid assessments are essential to establish baseline information of ecosystems that can
be used to design management plans such as marine protected areas. A rapid ecological
assessment was conducted to determine the conditions of coral reefs and reef fish around barrier islands that occur within the central Belize Barrier Reef...
Cooperative marine fisheries research—the practice of involving the expertise of fishermen and scientists in conducting studies of ocean fishes—has increased gradually over the past 50 years on the US west coast. However, few studies have systematically collected and analyzed the experiences and perceptions of numerous cooperative marine fisheries research project...
Given the current state of our oceans, the Pew Oceans Commission (1993) has strongly recommended that increased efforts be made towards ocean literacy. Informal education and outreach programs like the Whale Watching Spoken Here program are important contributors to life-long learning. However, there is little research looking at how these...
This paper aims to present a comprehensive review of the selected coastal protection
alternatives in a form most useful for coastal mangers. It is not intended to serve as a
technical review of the engineering design of shore protection schemes. The concept,
design, and application of each method are reviewed....
This paper is divided in two parts: the first details technological and institutional developments in the shipping and port industry. The second part is a theoretical work which explores alternative ways to induce demand in the Honduras port system so as to increase the volume of cargo handled through its...
Coral reef ecosystems are the oceanic equivalent of tropical rainforests, in terms of biodiversity. The estimated 1,037,000 square kilometers worldwide of reef provide
habitat for over one million species of plants and animals (Hinrichsen, 1997). Coral reefs are important to the economy of coastal nations because of the fisheries and...
I served an internship with the National Marine Fisheries Service
(NMFS), Northwest and Alaska Fisheries Center (NWAFC), Resource
Assessment and Conservation Engineering (RACE) division in Seattle,
Washington from June, 1983 to December, 1983. This experience proved to
be very rewarding because of the techniques I learned, the job
experience I...
This paper focuses on the explosive and controversial growth in finfish farming in general and salmon aquaculture in particular, and the response of Alaska policy makers to this emerging industry. It seeks to define and analyze why Alaska policy makers chose to prohibit all commercial culture of finfish at a...
Among Oregon's major tourist attractions is the State's beautiful and impressive coastal
scenery. Sandy beaches, usually backed by sea-cliffs or dune fields, are regularly
disrupted either by the mouths of shallow bays and estuaries, or by massive rocky
headlands extending hundreds of meters into the Pacific Ocean. Storm-generated waves,
tides,...
In 1992, amendments to the Fishing and Aquaculture Law required rural communities
to organize into syndicates or cooperatives and to create resource management plans.
Once the Chilean Fisheries Service (SERNAP) approves these plans, villages could manage designated subtidal and intertidal areas. In response to these amendments, two villages, Puerto Aldea...
Building institutional and human capacity for integrated coastal zone management (ICZM) is
increasingly recognized as critical to the future of sustainable development in coastal states.
Agenda 21 of the UNCED conference has underscored the urgency of capacity building for
ICZM as have other international bodies such as the North American...
The product of my internship was a working draft of a land use and master plan
for the SPC to review. The draft is to be used for creating a more comprehensive land use
and zoning master plan. Attempts were made to incorporate input from federal, state,
and local governments,...
In summer 1992, I interned as a Technical Assistant with the Kosrae Bureau of
Planning and Statistics, Kosrae, Federated States of Micronesia (F.S.M). The University
of Oregon Micronesia Program sponsored the internship, which proved to be a unique
professional and cross-cultural experience. The internship, initiated by Mr. Gerson
Jackson, Director...
This paper presents the results of field tests of the Oregon Freshwater Wetland
Assessment Methodology. It begins with a review of the history of wetland assessment
techniques, including an in-depth review of some more popular methods. State and
federal wetlands legislation are briefly discussed and the utility of regional wetland...
During the last 10 years or so, enormous amounts of money
have been invested in Manzanillo for several new installations
and improvement of others. Some of the most important are the
building of the thermoelectric power plant, the development of
the interior port, construction of new highways, exploitation of
iron...
The development of a Marine Pollution Monitoring Program (MPMP), in any coastal area of the world, requires a precise knowledge of the functioning of the local ecosystem. Because of the differences found in every coastal ecosystem, it is important to recognize and characterize the reservoirs and significant environments that maintain...
Past disasters such as mercury poisoning in Minimata, and new problems such as tributyltin impacts on shellfish have maintained public concern about problems caused by chronic discharges of hazardous materials into marine waters (Clark, 1986; U.S. Congress, 1987). However, hazardous chemical spills in coastal waters typically escape public attention. Unlike...
This study demonstrates the utility of combining available scientific data with local ecological knowledge in a Geographic Information System (GIS) to support community-based fisheries management. The approach used provides both the framework for capturing important ecological, economic and social information relevant to marine fisheries management, and also offers coastal citizens...
This study demonstrates the utility of combining available scientific data with local ecological knowledge in a Geographic Information System (GIS) to support community-based fisheries management. The approach used provides both the framework for capturing important ecological, economic and social information relevant to marine fisheries management, and also offers coastal citizens...
In 2000, the US Congress responded to the industry-wide constriction of the West Coast groundfish industry by allocating $5 million in disaster relief for Oregon, Washington, and California. Each state, with minimal federal oversight, designed and executed its own disaster response program to help impacted members of the fishing industry...
The primary objective of this study is to assess the Mexican experience in
managing coastal natural areas. The assessment is based on the categories, uses,
objectives, and political elements of Mexican protected coastal areas and governmental
efforts to develop and manage these areas. Specific problems within each protected
coastal area...
The goal of this report is to develop information to benefit the planning and operation of marinas within the CREST area, as well as to generate data for use by local Chambers of Commerce, planners, regulatory agencies, Port Authorities and private developers. It is, however, the commercial, charter and recreational...
Remote areas are frequently homes to regional subpopulations of endangered green sea turtles (Chelonia mydas) and their essential habitat. Local communities are often the users and primary stewards of this valuable and charismatic resource. Recognizing this, a Hatohobeian community group in Palau has engaged in longterm monitoring and conservation management...
The continued growth of the world's population beyond six billion places increasing pressure on natural resources and thus a growing demand for effective management of both resources and the recreational users of these resources. This
situation is particularly relevant to the management of Oregon's rivers and growing
numbers of nonmotorized...
The coastal zone is the area where the land, sea, air meet.
It has a unique combination of characteristics which favor human
development, trade and industry.
"Coastal climates are more moderate and stable than those of
the interior of the continents, and are usually associated with
sufficient rainfall to sustain...
Marine protected areas are increasingly popular tools for fisheries conservation and
enhancement worldwide. Monitoring programs that enable managers to track changes in fish stock abundance, size-frequency of target species, and species diversity are critical to evaluating the success of MPA's. The Port Honduras Marine Reserve (PHMR) in southern Belize encompasses...
Situated off the west coast of Vietnam in the Gulf of Thailand, Phu Quoc archipelago and its waters are well-known for their rich natural resources, especially the bounty of fishery resources. Under increasing pressure from the growing population, fishing, and tourism development, there is a strong need to formulate an...
Fisheries researchers and the general public can greatly benefit from the rapid data sharing and collaborative research that is facilitated by the both the internet and modern digital technology. One of the pioneers of this new strategy of conducting and utilizing fisheries research is Project CROOS (Collaborative Research on Oregon...
Given the broad scientific consensus that global climate is changing, it is no longer a question if sea level will rise, but rather by how much will it rise. The regional estimates for the Eastern Pacific suggest that the Northwest coastlines will experience a greater eustatic sea level rise than...
Many new research and monitoring projects, developed or initiated during ENSO 1982-83, constituted detailed descriptions of changes in specific taxa or specific processes. However, only a few projects were opportunely started or continued as regional efforts in the eastern Pacific. For those reasons, the information obtained is difficult to compare....
The purpose of this report is to briefly examine some of the laws
and regulatory programs which affect development in Oregon's estuaries
and their adjacent wetlands. Development, in this sense, includes
dredging, filling, bank stabilization, structures or other physical
alterations to an estuary.
Permit specifications, construction plans, and field measurements were used to examine the correlation between design and conditions "as-built" in a population of 11 palustrine emergent marshes created in the metropolitan area of Portland, Oregon, between 1980-1986. The projects ranged from six months to almost seven years in age. Data on...
The suspension-feeding mud shrimp, Upogebia pugettensis, is a common inhabitant of intertidal mudflats in estuaries throughout the Pacific Northwest, where it develops extensive burrows. Also inhabiting the shrimps' burrow is the commensal bivalve, Cryptomya californica. Filtration by dense populations of the shrimp and its commensals may have a negative impact...
The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service's National Wetlands Inventory (NWI) was developed to map U.S. wetlands comprehensively, following the Cowardin classification system. Wetlands are mapped by the NWI using small scale aerial photographs, but the inventory is not field checked in detail. The accuracy of this inventory has been questioned....
As part of its management strategies for wetlands in Oregon, the Division of State Lands sponsored a Local Wetland Inventory for the city of Tillamook. Wetlands delineation,
determination, assessment, and management are the concern of several institutions which worked together to create the 1993 Oregon Freshwater Wetland Assessment Methodology. With...
One of the crucial components of marine and coastal resource management is
using the best available data for decision-making. There are many facets however,
to what makes data available and useable. Even though data may exist for many
natural resource and marine resource issues, they don't always come in accessible...
In the summer of 2001 the Oregon Coast Aquarium opened a new exhibit on sharks entitled, "Great White Mystery: What Happened to Surfer Bob?" For the purposes of this study, a survey was designed to determine whether visitors to the new exhibit learned factual information or left with changed attitudes...
Concern over the incidental catch of non-targeted species in commercial and
recreational fisheries has greatly increased. Public attention, negative publicity,
controversies between differing fisheries and gear groups and the reauthorization of the
Magnuson-Stevens Fishery Conservation and Management Act have led to an increased
awareness of the issue. The Pacific halibut...
The direction of my Marine Resource Management program has been to
develop an expertise in a particular area of aquaculture, complemented by
a general knowledge of oceanographic principles. Specifically, my area of
interest is the culture of marine bivalve molluscs. Prior to entering the
MRM program, I had worked with...
An increase in the commercial and recreational harvest of clams in Tillamook Bay, Oregon,
coupled with a general lack of knowledge about the bay's ecology, served as the impetus for a
shellfish survey undertaken in the summer of 1995. Commercial clam harvest has increased
twelve fold since 1978 (Carter et...
Manganese nodules are concretions which are widely distributed on
the bottom of marine waters as well as on the bottom of some lakes.
They vary in size, abundance, and to some extent composition, with
location. The nodules are of potential economic value because of the
nickel, copper, cobalt and manganese...
Oregon's estuaries have been significantly altered by human activity, so that many former tidal wetlands no longer provide the functions, such as fish and wildlife habitat, erosion protection from storms, and water quality maintenance, that preserve the integrity of estuarine ecosystems. Oregon has been a leader in wetland protection and...
Coastal communities in Oregon have experienced dramatic economic and demographic change during the 1980s. Although the timber and fishing sectors are still important, the economies of coastal communities now rely more on non-earned income and tourism. Non-earned income sources, such as transfer payments and investment earnings, account for over forty...
Data from Section 404 permits, which were issued in California from January
1971 through November 1987 and required compensatory mitigation, were compiled
and analyzed to determine patterns and trends in permitting activity and to document
the cumulative effects of the associated management decisions. Information was
gathered on the project permitted,...
From May 1999 through April 2000, I interned with the Alaska Wilderness Recreation and Tourism Association (AWRTA), a non-profit organization that balances responsible tourism development with resource protection and community enhancement. I was assigned to a seven-member task force charged with evaluating the success of AWRTA's "Ecotourism Guidelines2" and was...
The Pacific halibut has supported a major commercial fishery on the West coast of the United States for over 100 years. In the past, the halibut fishery was managed by a
policy of open access which led to an overcapitalized fishery and raised concerns about overfishing, fishing safety, and deteriorating...
The fishing industry in the Pacific Northwest is a dynamic and highly competitive industry that must constantly respond to rapidly changing resource, regulatory and market forces. These forces have already had a significant impact on our fisheries and will continue to do so as we learn more about the biology...
To date, the use of oceanographic data in fisheries management has been limited by the scarcity and the difficulty of accessing complete oceanographic datasets. Consequently, fish stocks are managed with limited knowledge about the habitat where fish live and incomplete understanding of what oceanographic conditions affect their populations. With the...
This paper is the product of a 15 month internship with the
U.S. Army Corps of Engineers. From July, 1985 through
September, 1986, I served as an environmental specialist for the
Portland District Regulatory Branch. My responsibilities included
evaluating environmental impacts of work conducted in Oregon's
waterways, through processing of...
This report is an overview of my experience working with
the Consortium for International Fisheries and Aquaculture
Development (CIFAD), administered from an office within Oregon
State University, Corvallis, Oregon. CIFAD is a non-profit
organization comprised of five U.S. universities: the University
of Arkansas at Pine Bluff (UAPB), University of Hawaii...
This paper will outline and discuss a number of specific
work assignments and fieldwork participation experienced during
the internship. Areas of exposure included sediment transport
analysis, zero-base budgeting, harbor line modification, channel
shoaling pattern analysis, dredging cost summaries, dredging
workshops and various fieldwork assignments along Oregon's Coast.
This paper is an attempt to summarize our actual knowledge about the marine resources available in the area. It also analyzes the situation of the fishery and the principal aspects involved in a possible plan for an integral fisheries development of the Oceanic region around the islands. This plan could...
Global Graduates/Oregon International Internship Program offered an internship position working in Senegal with the Institut Senegalais de Recherches Agricoles (ISRA) and the Natural Resource Based Agricultural Research (NRBAR). The author of this paper was accepted for this internship and lived and worked in Senegal from October 1 through December 15,...
Pacific Coast estuaries provide important rearing habitats leading to improved growth and survival for juvenile chinook salmon. However, research has suggested that juvenile salmon have little use for estuarine habitats in the Columbia River. To further understand salmonid recovery needs in estuaries, I compared historical and contemporary life history patterns...
State parks in Oregon provide important sites for visitor recreation and natural resource education. With the increasing number of visitors to Oregon coastal parks, tide pools and beach areas, there is growing need for site-specific marine education to enhance stewardship, interpretation and safety knowledge. The Oregon Sea Grant Program and...
Tuna fishery is an important activity worldwide. In the
eastern Pacific Ocean the effort applied by the Pacific Ocean
fleet to catch tuna fish is considerable. The eastern Pacific
tuna fleet harvests throughout the oceans and captures an
important fraction of this resource. For instance, in 1980 the
total catch...
The red sea urchin, Strongylocentrotus franciscanus, is one of the three species of strongylocentroids found on the west coast of North America between Baja California and Kodiak, Alaska. It belongs to the phylum Echinodermata, and it is one of the largest species of sea urchins. Since 1970, red sea urchins...
This paper is organized as follows. First, there is a
overview of the U.S. National Marine Sanctuary Program,
including program goals, history and present status, and
sanctuary locations. Trends in multiple use management,
sanctuary size, intergovernmental cooperation, Congressional
intervention in program management, public involvement, and
the 1992 Congressional reauthorization are...
As a part of my graduate program in Marine Resource Management
(MRM) at Oregon State University, I was fortunate to be able to
pursue my interest in marine and coastal policy. I spent fifteen
months as a Sea Grant intern in the United States Congress, challenged
in ways I could...
From September, 1984 through March, 1985, I worked as a Visiting
Intern for the Division of Special Programs, College of Arts and Sciences,
Northeastern University (NU). My position entailed the administration and
promotion of university marine related projects. The Division of Special
Programs is responsible for the development, implementation and...
Conservation efforts have been increasing in recent years to help preserve threatened coastal and ocean resources. Marine protected areas (MPAs) are an important tool to protect and conserve ocean resources. The MPA Center was established to take the lead in developing a framework for a national system of MPAs. The...
HIGHLIGHTS
HISTORICAL MARKET DEVELOPMENT Headed and gutted (H&G) is the only
product form of Pacific whiting which has been successfully
developed by the domestic west coast seafood industry. This
success is attributed to the development of a production and
marketing concept which minimized enzyme and texture related
quality problems. Attempts...
A dynamic bioenergetic model for Steller sea lions (Eumetopias jubatus) was built using the STELLA simulation modeling system. The model is intended as an aid for the exploration of ecological questions regarding growth and survival of immature Steller sea lions (ages 1-3) living along the Oregon coast under different nutritional...
As one member of a team of three consultants, my role was to provide a perspective from the discipline of oceanography, to incorporate new dune management policies into the County's Comprehensive Plan and Zoning Ordinance, and, to function as a liaison between the citizens of
Nedonna Beach and the project...
This report and accompanying program inventory have been prepared in support of the Oregon Department of Environmental Quality's statewide nonpoint source pollution control efforts and for use in the development of Oregon's new federally mandated Coastal Nonpoint Pollution Control Program (CNPCP).
When Congress reauthorized the Coastal Zone Management Act in...
My experiences with the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (referred to as the Corps) has been an integral part of my formal education. My work with the Corps fulfills my internship requirement for my Masters Degree in Marine Resource Management. The work here has allowed me to use my academic...
This report deals with the current status of four promising
sources of electrical energy generation from the oceans. They
are, in sequence;
Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion: Where energy is obtained by
exploiting the temperature differences between warm surface
waters, and much deeper colder waters.
Tidal Energy: Where differences in water...
The community of Bandon is located on the southern half of the Oregon coast, 140 kilometers north of the California border and 40 kilometers south of Coos Bay (Figure 1). Part of the city occupies the low-lying (average 3-meter elevation) area along the south bank of the Coquille River, while...
From July, 1982 to August, 1983 I had the privilege of serving an internship
as an oceanographer at the National Marine Fisheries Service Beaufort
Laboratory. During the period of my appointment I assisted in a preliminary
assessment of the potential fishery impacts of ocean thermal energy conversion
(OTEC) power plants....
The project presented here emphasizes a specific biological problem affecting the salmon cage culture with the final goal being to propose a realistic management strategy for fjordic estuaries worldwide.
The intent of "Oregon Port Districts: An Economic Profile" is to present
a profile of the activities of the Oregon Port Districts and to evaluate
some of the economic contributions that port district operations made in
1975. The study reflects the present role of the port districts within
their community...
The Pacific Blue Marlin stock supports both recreational and commercial
fisheries throughout their Pacific-wide distribution. The commercial component of
the fishery imposes a greater fishing mortality on the stock but the recreational
component may be more economically dependent on the continued health of the
fishery (Orbach 1989). The recreational or...
In 1997, the Eskimo Walrus Commission (EWC) and the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) established a formal cooperative agreement for the conservation and management of Pacific walrus (Odobenus rosmarus divergens). This arrangement facilitates the transfer of funds from Section 119 of the Marine Mammal Protection Act via the USFWS...
This study is composed of two parts. Section I deals with
developed moorages and marinas--where they are; what services are
offered in each, and how well the existing supply of permanent moorages
serves the boating public. Section II examines the need for temporary
'harbors of refuge' in the area, what...
This study analyzes public participation in nine regional hearings and six public meetings held by the U.S. Commission on Ocean Policy (USCOP) from September 2001 to April 2003. While several researchers have examined whether certain public involvement methods are considered successful or fair, this study characterizes the participants in a...
Following is a proposal for preparation of an Alsea Bay marine development
plan and graduate student internship as port manager. The plan would be
prepared during January - June 1984. Dr. Fred Smith and Jim Good have agreed to
supervise the plan preparation and provide university guidance.
This report is an exposition of an eleven week training
internship in the Port of Portland (POP). My interest in serving
an internship at POP came as a result of a field trip in the
spring of 1980 during which I was fascinated by the ports operations
and diversity. During...
The purpose of this report is to present procedures by which applicants and reviewers can calculate initial dilution and describe the zone of initial dilution surrounding the discharge site. These calculations would be required under regulations proposed by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency on April 25, 1978 (1) implementing section...
This paper will discuss some of the pressing issues and critical problems pertaining to the resources of the northern coast of Java and some alternative management strategies that may be applicable for the region. Some conclusions and recommendations are presented at the end of this paper.