The probable pollution distribution and flushing times have been
calculated for the Columbia River Estuary, a coastal plain estuary.
The pollution distribution was determined by the fresh water fraction
and by the diffusion equation. The flushing times were calculated by
the modified tidal prism method and by the fraction of...
The results of measurements of the fluxes of momentum, moisture and sensible heat in the marine boundary layer are described.
Two techniques for obtaining the fluxes are discussed. The fluxes
of these quantities are most directly obtained by the eddy correlation
method, that is, by measuring the fluctuating vertical and...
Several series of measurements of the hydrography, currents,
and winds during the past ten years are used as a basis for an overview
of the physical oceanography and meteorology during the
upwelling season near Newport, Oregon. Data are described using
elementary statistics, progressive vector diagrams, coordinate system
independent spectra, and...
Moored instrument records, drogue displacements, and hydrographic
observations are used in describing the coastal currents and
upwelling off Peru. The data were obtained over the continental shelf
near 15°S. during a two week study in late March and early April of
1969.
First order statistics and graphical representations of current...
A technique was developed in the present study to determine
fault-plane solutions for small earthquakes. The method uses the
direction and amplitude of initial P-wave motions recorded at a
small number of seismic stations for epicentral distances less than
2000 km.
Seismic arrivals recorded on short-period seismograms were
identified as...
Examination of polished sections of manganese micronodules
from metalliferous sediments from the Bauer Deep reveals sequences
of ferromanganese deposition which are consistent for micronodules
from a single sediment sample and imply a common depositional
history for members of such assemblages. The relatively simple
'stratigraphy' of manganese micronodules, as compared to...
The energy levels of internal waves observed during the
Arctic Internal Wave Experiment (AIWEX), conducted from the
drifting pack ice in the Beaufort Sea, increased as the speed of
the ice drift increased. The possibility of these waves being
generated by moving pack ice with a corrugated under-side is
explored...
Solid phases that form under the influence of changing environmental conditions often record such changes in their chemical composition. Quantification of these compositional variations is invaluable in reconstructing paleoenvironmental changes. Laser ablation, employed as a solid sample introduction system, offers fine spatial resolution (50 - 250 [mu]m) for spectroscopic analysis...
Ninety-five oriented samples were obtained from nine Recent
Cascade lava flows in Oregon. Directions and intensities of remanent
magnetization were measured on a spinner magnetometer which measures
directions of magnetization to within 1.2° s.d. Angle measurements
were plotted graphically using an equal area projection. Mean
directions and statistics were calculated...
The nearshore zone at Newport, Oregon was studied during the
period September, 1968 to August, 1969. Particular emphasis was
placed on those physical factors affecting the distribution of pulp mill
wastes discharged within the study area (referred to as Yaquina Bight
in this thesis). Temperatures and seawater samples were obtained...
Sea level and the alongshore component of wind stress data at
seven locations on the Pacific coast of Canada and the United States
were analyzed. The effective data period was from August 1, 1973 to
September 9, 1975. The seven locations were Tofino, British
Columbia; Neah Bay and Toke Point,...
The data recorded between March 3, 1969, and October 31, 1969,
by a wind gauge installed at the South Jetty, Newport, Oregon, were
analyzed. The components of each observation were treated as if they
were an independent, normal, bivariate distribution and standard
statistical procedures were applied. It was found that...
During the GEOSECS cruise of the R/V KNORR, July 1972-April 1973, a very complete and high quality nutrient data set was acquired for the Atlantic Ocean. One hundred and twenty-one hydrographic
stations were occupied throughout the Atlantic providing an
internally consistent picture of the nutrient dynamics for this ocean.
The...
During the six-month period of July through December, 1966,
a study of animals inhabiting laminarian holdfasts in Yaquina Bay,
Oregon, was carried out to determine what animals live in this habitat
and to gain some idea of the factors which influence their presence
and distribution. This study deals with yet...
This thesis demonstrates that at low frequencies (periods longer
than 2.5 days) local currents off the coast of Oregon are closely
related to the wind. Wind and current observations made during
August and September 1969 are described and compared to demonstrate
that a relationship exists; the physics of the interaction...
This study examines the seasonal variability in temperature and
salinity of the nearshore waters off Oregon and Northern California.
Specifically, temperature and salinity variations during summer and
winter were ana1yzed from data gathered at shore stations along the
coast and from hydrographic data collected within 25 nautical miles
of shore....
Detailed current profiles between the sediment-water interface
and 20 cm above it reveal a viscous sublayer in the bottom boundary
layer on the Oregon continental shelf. Data from three field experiments
are used to test fundamental assumptions about boundary layer
flow in the ocean. The first study, discussed in Chapter...
Observations of sea temperature, wind and hydrography obtained
during the three months' period of MAM 77 - CUEA experiment (JOINT-II)
along the C-line, near 15°S are described. Wind and temperature
observations made during March - May 1977 are compared to demonstrate
that a relationship exists.
Linear correlation analysis was performed...
Phytoplankton dynamics in Auke Bay, Alaska, were studied during
summer, 1969. Nitrate, chlorophyll a, particulate organic carbon,
phytoplankton and zooplankton species composition and hydrographic
and meteorological data were collected and analyzed.
Nitrate input into Auke Bay through freshwater runoff was negligible.
A bloom of Thalassiosira aestivalis formed the spring bloom...
A three component drag probe has been built, calibrated, and
used to measure velocities beneath deep water ocean waves and
turbulence in a tidal channel. Simple variable inductance devices
which may be submerged in water were used as displacement transducers
and the associated electronics provided voltage outputs which
were proportional...
Under light wind conditions, the alternation of daytime
heating and nighttime cooling creates a characteristic
response in the oceanic boundary layer known as the diurnal
cycle. The Mellor/Yamada Level II turbulence closure model is
used to analyze this response pattern.
The diurnal cycle has three phases. During morning and
early...
The ability of Cumella vulgaris to avoid burial under different
rates of sedimentation and to recover from burial once buried was
studied. Sedimentation rates higher than 0. 25 cm/mm are
necessary to bury 50% of C. vulgaris with the deposition of 4 cm of
sediment.
Cumella vulgaris can swim several...
Easter Island and Sala y Gomez are part of the Sala y Gomez
Ridge, a broad band of high topography and scattered seamounts
extending ESE from the East Pacific Rise. It has been proposed that
the Sala y Gomez Ridge results from the movement of the Nazca Plate
over a...
Heavy mineral compositions of sands from Oregon beaches,
rivers and sea cliffs have been determined in order to examine the
causes of marked along-coast variations in the beach-sand
mineralogy. The study area extends southward from the Columbia
River to the Coquille River in southern Oregon. The heavy-mineral
compositions were determined...
The thesis describes the properties of surface wind and air
temperature time series recorded at three locations on the pack ice
of the Beaufort Sea. Time series consisting of sequential one-half
hourly means were constructed for a period of approximately a year.
A diurnal fluctuation in air temperature is found...
A method is described for determining the absolute dynamic topography of the sea surface. Using hydrographic and wind data obtained in 1963, the surface topography and the horizontal and vertical mass transports off the southeast Arabian coast during the summer monsoon are calculated. As indicated by the calculations, upwelling occurs...
I have developed an analytical method for the determination of
molecular hydrogen in seawater. It is based on the change of hydrogen
concentration in a 30 cc. volume of air as it is equilibrated with a
one-liter sample of seawater. The change in hydrogen concentration in
the air is measured...
Two thermal convection problems of geophysical interest are
examined, theoretically. First, convection in the earth's mantle is
treated on the basis of a one-dimensional 'strip model'. This model
results from further simplification of the well known 'Rayleigh model'.
For homogeneous, Newtonian fluids, the strip model yields results
similar to those...