The objective of this research is to demonstrate the feasibility of implementing electrically tunable on-chip inductors based on synthetic antiferromagnet (SAF) cores. This thin film magnetic core is made of a magnetic bi-layer antiferromagnetically coupled through a nonmagnetic spacer layer. An energy model is developed to investigate the magnetic behavior...
In this research, the possibility of the precessional magnetization switching by focused surface acoustic waves, without external magnetic field, has been demonstrated. The technique of generating an effective magnetic field by applying stress to a magnetostrictive material via a surface acoustic wave is applied to perform field-free magnetization switching. It...
In the next decade, technology trends--smaller dimension, lower voltage, higher operating frequency--introduce new technical considerations and challenges for radiation effects in integrated circuits. Semiconductor based circuits and traditional dynamic random-access memories will malfunction when exposed to extreme environments, such as space and nuclear reactor. The mechanisms for radiation effect are...
This thesis describes the transport properties observed in thermally treated graphite oxide (GO), which holds promise as an economical route to obtaining graphene. Graphene is a material consisting of a single atomic plane of carbon atoms and was first isolated as recently as 2004. Several isolation techniques have been investigated,...
Heavy use of outdoor recreation areas in the United States
since World War II is endangering their quality. Demand made by a
rapidly growing population with rising personal incomes and increasing
leisure time is expected to grow 50 percent nationally and 146 percent in Oregon by 1975. In Oregon, population,...
This thesis is the first third of a coming of age novel called i. In this selection the central character, Bea Bouvier, prepares to see her estranged mother on a cruise ship to the Bahamas. She hopes her parents will decide to reunite as a family, though it becomes increasingly...
Ultra-wideband (UWB) radio is the transmission of data using an extremely wide bandwidth and very low power spectral density. In this thesis, the mereits and challenges of UWB architectures versus conventional narrowband architectures will be compared. Pulsed UWB systems can be implemented with very simple architectures. These advantages make UWB...
Spacecrafts experience radiation in the course of their operation
and all electronic equipment on board these spacecrafts has to
be designed to withstand the effects of this radiation.
This thesis describes the effects of total ionization dose (TID)
and single event transients (SET) in phase-locked loops - an
important circuit...
Materials with a strong spin Hall effect and Rashba-Edelstein effect have the potential to improve the efficiency of solid-state magnetic memory technologies and other magnetic logic devices. Heavy metals have been identified as having these properties, including the beta crystal phase of tungsten. In this work, we determine the strength...
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Pallavi Dhagat
Materials with a strong spin Hall effect and Rashba-Edelstein effect have
Magnetic particle imaging (MPI) is a biomedical imaging technique which detects the presence of magnetic nanoparticles which have been introduced into the specimen prior to imaging. MPI has shown promise for real-time imaging with spatial resolution comparable to magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). MPI research has focused predominantly on the development...
The objectives of this study were to determine the
peritoneal clearance of vitamin B-6 and to evaluate the
vitamin B-6 and vitamin A status of children with chronic
renal failure undergoing continuous ambulatory peritoneal
dialysis (CAPD). Eight children aged 2 to 18 years
(mean 12) were included in the study....
In the first experiment the minimum dietary toxic levels of vitamin A were determined in pregnant rabbits over three parities. The treatments consisted of basal diet plus 10,000, 30,000, 60,000, and 90,000 IU/Kg added vitamin A. The basal diet was formulated to be free of vitamin A and beta-carotene; rice...
High Performance Computing can find ubiquitous applications in the industry. HPC-applications are specifically designed to take advantage of the parallel nature of the computing systems which is often enabled by Multi-core/Many-core architectures. With this advent of Multi-processors in the mainstream systems, inter-core communication has been one of the major challenges...
Bees provide vital ecosystem services for cropping systems as well as natural landscapes. Declines in both both native bee and managed honey bee (Apis mellifera L.) populations has brought attention to the significance of their role as pollinators in managed and native ecosystems. As a result, conservation efforts have been...
This work demonstrates correlation of microwave signals encoded with 16-bit codes using the parametric interaction of spin waves. Signal processing correlators are devices that compare two signals, such as a reference code and a received code, where the output indicates the similarity between the signals. Correlators are used in communication...
This thesis is a work of literary non-fiction. It
is divided into six sections. The first, "A Sense of
Place," and the last, "Pulling a Geographical," are
collage essays which establish and then reiterate major
themes in the work: movement, work, geography,
climate, people, and education--some curricular, some
not. The...
The immobilization of chelators to solid supports has recently gained renewed interest due to the increasing biomedical and environmental applications made possible by these molecules’ ability to bind Fe(III) and other metal ions. The uses of immobilized chelators have expanded to include the treatment of metal overload in serum, the...
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1.1 DESFERRIOXAMINE B (DFOB): A BRIEF INTRODUCTION
At a state university in the Pacific Northwest, the authors surveyed 477 matriculating college students about their immunization status, knowledge, self-perceived risk, and health risk behaviors for hepatitis A and B vaccinations. Review of immunization records revealed that 10% of these students were completely immunized for hepatitis A and 58.8%...
High performance multi-cell delta-sigma modulators are a preferred choice in applications which require programmability. Multi-cell delta-sigma modulators with M unit cells provide 10log10(M) SQNR improvement for the same thermal noise and bias power due to the uncorrelated quantization noises of the M unit ADCs. This concept is used in this...
With increasing transistor operating frequencies, interconnects and passive devices are becoming performance limiters in integrated circuit (IC) designs. To combat this, the interconnect layers above the active silicon are trending toward low-κ dielectrics and Cu metallization. The use of these new materials has popularized chemical mechanical polishing (CMP) to planarize...
Magnetically programmable surface acoustic wave (MP SAW) devices were designed, fabricated and characterized in this thesis using integrated giant magnetoresistive (GMR) bits with interdigital reflectors. This provides a proof of concept of a novel storage element on radio frequency identification tags. Interdigital transducers (IDTs) on a piezoelectric substrate are used...
The primary objective of the thesis research is to study novel schemes of on-chip crosstalk suppression employing magnetic films at microwave frequencies. Since extraction of various material properties of the magnetic films is essential for successful application of the proposed method, the research also involves development of a new material...
Spintronics is an emerging field of research dealing with devices that can potentially exploit the additional degree of freedom provided by the electron spin along with or instead of the conventional electronic charge. One of the most promising aspects of spintronics is the potential use of magnetostatic spin waves as...
Geomagnetically Induced Currents (GICs) are quasi-DC signals that are induced in the ground during geomagnetic disturbances (GMDs) and pose a large threat to power grid infrastructure. The power industry currently attempts to mitigate GIC effects by utilizing 1-D ground electrical conductivity based electric field predictions, though conductivity can vary in...
It has been estimated that data traffic from the different mobile devices that range from smartphones to machine-to-machine (M2M) devices will exceed 15.9 exabyte per month by the year 2018. With this immense data growth, the current wireless communication systems suffer from the scarcity of the radio spectrum and eventually...
The aim of the research undertaken for this thesis was to develop a new high-performance amorphous oxide semiconductor (AOS) for use as a channel layer in a thin-film transistor (TFT). AOS TFTs offer higher electron mobility than the established amorphous silicon based technology. A new channel material comprised of aluminum...
Novel mucosal vaccines (LL-M2e, LL-HAe, SG-HAe) were constructed from live, non-pathogenic Lactococcus lactis or Streptococcus gordonii that express conserved regions of HA or M2 antigens from avian influenza virus (AIV) A. All three vaccines evoked antigen-specific serum immunoglobulin G (IgG) responses in vaccinated chickens. The addition of the adjuvant cholera...
Inkjet printing offers a cost effective, highly customizable method for rapid manufacturing of functional devices with minimal material waste. Although this method has been used for a variety of composites, little work has been done in the area of 3D printing magnetic composites. Presented here is a process for inkjet...
The objective of the work reported herein is to explore the impact of decreasing channel thickness on radio-frequency (RF) sputtered amorphous indium-gallium-zinc oxide (a-IGZO) thin-film transistors (TFTs) electrical performance through the evaluation of drain current versus gate voltage (I[subscript D] − V[subscript G]) transfer curves. For a fixed set of...
Illuminated contour lines, where line width and color are varied based on an angle of illumination, date back to the mid-nineteenth century, but their effectiveness compared to conventional contour lines has not been fully examined. Currently, illuminated contour lines are not widely used in computer-based cartography because they are not...
This study was designed to investigate the relationship between retinol intake, bone mineral density, and falls in 101 elderly women aged 72 to 90 years (78.6 yrs. ± 4.3 yrs.). Bone mineral density (BMD) (g/cm²) of the left hip, anterior-posterior lumbar spine (L3), and lateral spine (L3) was measured using...
Ship tracks have proven to be an ideal laboratory for studying the response of marine
stratocumulus to an increase in aerosol pollution. Here the response of already
polluted marine stratocumulus to further pollution was examined by studying the
clouds where two ship tracks cross. 78 crossings of ship tracks were...
Anthropogenic releases of trace gases into the
atmosphere are causing a decrease in stratospheric ozone
concentrations and a subsequent increase in solar
ultraviolet-B (UV-B)(280-320 nm) radiation reaching the
earth's surface. The objective of this study was to
determine the acute effects of enhanced UV-B radiation on
the primary production of...
Heterogeneous porous material represents a persistent challenge in the field of engineering. Microscale properties such as the porosity and microchannel torturosity significantly control the macroscale transport characteristics of homogeneous porous medium. Additional complexity is introduced when these small-scale features vary in space. Examples of heterogeneous porous systems include artificial body...
The purpose of this study was to measure plasma B-6 vitamers, and other factors which may affect the plasma concentrations of these vitamers under extreme physical conditions. Blood samples were drawn from 8 men and 3 women (43.7 ± 8.6 years) 30 minutes prior to the start of a 50-km...
Investment casting has been an important form of metal casting
for many years, but little is understood about the fluid flows that
occur during mold filling. A key to quality castings is the
understanding and control of the fluid flows that are present when the
mold is filled with molten...
The effect of dietary glycosylated vitamin B-6 on the bioavailability
of vitamin B-6 was determined in 4 women. A 44-d metabolic-balance diet
study was divided into a preliminary 8-d adjustment period followed by
two 18-d experimental periods. The subjects were divided into two groups
in a crossover design to compare...
The B lymphocyte is the immune cell responsible
for the production of antibodies. It has receptor
molecules on its surface which bind to a molecule known
as an antigen. The antigen either stimulates the cell
to produce antibodies or tolerizes it so that it is
unable to produce antibodies.
It...
Alaska pollock (Gadus chalcogrammus) is a schooling whitefish native to the Bering Sea that is prized for its fillets, surimi, roe, and milt. Fillets are frequently used for popular products such as fish and chips. If collected, roe and milt are commonly exported to South Korea and Japan. However, no...
Endophytic fungi (A. coenophialum and A. lolii) which infect grasses produce ergot alkaloids that serve as the grasses' chemical defenses and enhance the vigor of the grass. Turf-type tall fescue with high endophyte levels has been deliberately developed to produce a greener, more vigorous, pest-resistant turf. Consumption of endophyte-infected grass...
Perennial ryegrass (PRG, Lolium perenne) is a hardy cool-season grass that is infected with the endophytic fungus Neotyphodium lolii, which enables the plant to be insect repellant and drought resistant, lowering the use of insecticides and fertilizers. However, this fungus produces the compound lolitrem B (LB, m/z 686.4) which causes...
The primary purpose of this investigation was to characterize
the lipids of the spores and vegetative cells of Cl. botulinum. A
second purpose was to explore the possibility that lipids might serve
as a means of differentiating the chiefly proteolytic Cl. botulinum
type B from the nonproteolytic Cl. botulinum types...
Four different heating treatments with two different methods of
cooking were applied to soybeans. The treatments were boiling 20 min,
autoclaving 5 min, 10 min, or 20 min, after soaking the beans for 10 hr
at 25°C.
Vitamin B-6 and free folacin in cooking water were significantly
(P<0.05) affected by...
Creative nonfiction is a genre replete with contradictions--the name itself shows that: nonfiction writing is true and factual, but creative writing is imaginative and inventive. Because of fundamental contradictions like this, there is no standardized or even most common definition of the genre. This creates confusion for both critics and...
In rodent models as well as in fish models there are significant
species differences in the susceptibility toward aflatoxin B₁ (AFB₁)
carcinogenesis. Mouse is less susceptible toward AFB₁ carcinogenesis
than rat. Researchers have come to the conclusion that the lower
susceptibility of mice is not a result of less effective...
The Grant Range, in east-central Nevada, is a
north-east trending range bounded on the west by a
west-dipping normal fault system. Rocks within the range
record a complex polyphase Mesozoic ductile
compressional and Cenozoic brittle extensional
deformational history. The northwestern Grant Range
exposes deformed, regionally metamorphosed and
unmetamorphosed, Cambrian to...
The dielectric relaxation of V₂ 0₅ was investigated using the method of Davidson and Cole. By means of an Argand diagram, deviation from an exact Debye dielectric was established. This was done with the parameter β. For a Debye dielectric β= 1. The largest value of β for V₂O₅ was...
This research investigates shape optimization process, using b-spline models and panel methods, to achieve a high lift to drag ratio for an aerodynamic structure. This research is a proof of concept for further research in aerodynamic shape optimization. The coupled process, involving the design and optimization of a random shape,...
One of the most economically important genes in squash (Cucurbita spp.) is the B gene which conditions precocious depletion of chlorophyll in preanthesis fruit. The B genes are found naturally occurring in at least three of the five domesticated species of Cucurbita, including C. pepo, C. maxima and, most recently...
The initial purpose of this study was to develop a reliable method
for the determination of vitamin B₆ in blood. At the present time
microbiological assays have demonstrated greater sensitivity and
specificity than other methods for the of vitamin B₆ in
pure solution and many foodstuffs. However, adetermination pplication of...
The Experimental Advanced Airborne Research Lidar ‐ B (EAARL‐B), which was built and deployed by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) in 2014, is a novel topographic‐bathymetric lidar system. While retaining a number of features that were pioneered in the original National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) EAARL system (e.g., low...
The present study was designed to investigate the
effects of exercise on vitamin B-6 metabolism. Four groups
of subjects (intermittent, college, untrained, and high school)
consisting of nineteen male and two female individuals, participated
in the study. The subjects exercised either on a
bicycle ergometer, by running three 1500 meter...
The status of vitamin B-6 (B6) nutriture of nine
persons (4F;5M) with insulin dependent diabetes mellitus
(IDDM), nine persons (5F;4M) with non-insulin dependent
diabetes mellitus (NIDDM), and 18 control individuals
(9F;9M) was evaluated, using biochemical and dietary
indicators of B6 status. The biochemical indices employed
were plasma concentration of pyridoxal...
The bioavailability of vitamin B-6 from four selected
foods was investigated in five men, aged 22 to 25 years,
who were receiving a pyridoxine supplement. The subjects
received a constant diet containing 1.34 mg of vitamin B-6
throughout this five-week study, except on Saturdays and
Sundays when they ate their...
Financial stress in agriculture has been a concern over the past
century. Agrarian values and "love of the land" seem to yield public
conclusions for the support of the industry. Much of this support is
in the interest of preserving a viable food producing sector in an
volatile world climate....
Since Ranked Set Sampling (RSS) was proposed in 1952 by G.A. McIntyre, it has been the subject of many statistical investigations and a large number of field studies. Throughout these studies RSS has been proven to provide a better estimate of population the mean and variance than Simple Random Sampling...
Vineyards in Oregon’s Willamette Valley are predominately planted to perennial grass cover in the alleyways of vineyards. This grass cover is grown to increase worker and equipment traction, as well as reduce erosion and manage vine vegetative vigor. However, with increasing frequencies of drought and warming temperatures, the use of...
A new method is presented to compress switching information in large digital circuits. This is combined with an efficient approach of generating the noise signatures of cells in a digital library that results in an accurate and efficient approach for estimating the noise generated in digital circuits. This method provides...
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A-2. (a) Ideal inverter and (b) inverter with junction capacitance to the substrate
and (c
Analysis of substrate noise coupling has been performed for a 0.18¹m lightly doped silicon germanium BiCMOS process. Techniques to minimize noise coupling in the chip and board design are presented, as well as methods for accurate modeling for substrate noise coupling simulations. Measurements from a test chip were taken to...
Patients with end-stage renal disease undergoing hemodialysis have a high incidence of oxidative stress-related diseases. This study evaluated oxidative stress and inflammatory markers in patients undergoing hemodialysis before and during vitamin E supplementation. Blood samples were obtained before and after dialysis during two separate dialysis sessions to establish baseline measurements....
The myxozoan parasite, Ceratomyxa shasta, is the most significant pathogen of juvenile Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) in the Klamath River, CA, USA. This parasite requires two hosts - a freshwater polychaete (Manayunkia speciosa) and a salmonid - to complete its life cycle. The complex life cycle and large geographic area...
Tidal wetland channels provide rearing habitat for juvenile Chinook salmon as they emigrate from freshwater habitat and prepare to enter the ocean. Widespread diking and drainage of estuarine marshes for agricultural and urban development may have contributed to a decline in salmon abundance in the Pacific Northwest, prompting efforts to...
The 3-substituded indolic enamide moiety has been found in many marine compounds over the past 20 years. These indolic enamides exhibit various biological properties such as cytotoxic, anthelmintic, antimicrobial and HW-inhibitory activities. Among these indolic enamides, some are (E)-enamides, like coscinamide A and coscinamide B, others are (Z)-configuration in their...
During the development of the media for the identification and
differentiation of Clostridium perfringens and C. botulinum types A,
B and E, 16 different double layer media were prepared and tested
with known cultures of 28 C. botulinum strains, 20 C. perfringens
strains and 11 other clostridial species.
The semisolid...
Micro energy and chemical systems (MECS) are microfluidic systems where energy and chemical processes can be intensified by decreasing the characteristic length. This project focused on bulk fluid processing using MECS technology to intensify the mass transport of a dialyzer. The objective of this project was to
design a model...
Avermectin Bia is a member of a class of medicinally important
natural products known for its potent antiparasitic activity and
interesting structural features. In this thesis, synthesis of a
model for the spiroketal portion of the avermectins is presented.
Oxidation of (S)-2-methylbutanol, followed by a stereoselective
chromium mediated reaction with...
The difficulties encountered in working with micro-quantities
of lipids have been overcome by the advent of new and improved
procedures in chromatography which have made possible better
fractionation and identification. Bacterial lipids because of their
different lipid pattern from other life forms have stimulated much
interest. Studies have been made...
Projected intensification of drought as a result of climate change may reduce the capacity of streams to rear fish, exacerbating the challenge of recovering ESA-listed salmon populations. Without management intervention, some stocks will likely go extinct as stream drying and fragmentation reduce juvenile survival to unsustainable levels. To offset drought-related...
Pacific lamprey is an important cultural and ecological species to freshwater ecosystems of the Pacific Northwest. Lamprey often rear in low gradient portions of watersheds that have high exposure to climate warming, yet very little is known about their thermal physiology in comparison with other anadromous fishes such as Pacific...
The purpose of this study was to develop and evaluate a nutrition
education program for men on healthy eating when dining out. The
Health Belief Model provided the basic framework to identify factors that
would potentially motivate men over 40 to change their dietary behavior
to reduce heart disease risk....
Forest management requires classification of forest stands into groupings or types based on structural similarities, even when structure varies continuously along gradients. Managed, mixed-species, multi-aged forest stands often display complex structures containing extreme variation in trees size, density, and species composition, and as a result have diverse canopy structures. A...
Rural students have lagged behind non-rural students in matriculation into higher education, as well as in completion of four-year degrees. The current studies sought to investigate academic readiness, academic performance, and psychological differences between rural and non-rural students at Oregon State University. Rural and non-rural students were compared during spring...