Diffusion bonding cycle times can be a large cost factor in the production of metal microchannel devices. The challenge is to significantly minimize this cost by reducing the bonding cycle time through rapid and uniform heating and cooling within the bonding process. Heating rates in diffusion bonding processes are typically...
East Palo Alto is a small working-class community of color in the San Francisco Bay Area. Though the community has rich agrarian roots, fertile soil, and good weather, racially-charged policies have influenced East Palo Alto’s development and significantly impacted the state of natural resources in the city in stark contrast...
An alumina microreactor was designed and fabricated to study the synthesis of nanosized silicon nitride powder via the ammonolysis of SiO vapor at temperatures ranging from 1300°C to 1400°C. It is the first high temperature ceramic microreactor capable of operating at temperatures upto 1600°C. The microreactor was designed using 3D...
Single-layer and three-layer microchannel adsorption devices were fabricated by procedure that was newly developed. Aluminum was chosen for metal housing while the adsorption pair was silica gel and water. Each adsorption layer contained two layers of 250 μm-thick silica gel. Both silica gel layers opened to the same layer of...
The primary goal of this thesis is to synthesize titanium dioxide nanorods using a continuous flow microreactor. Titania powder, one of the most important particulate materials is used for many purposes owing to its excellent optical properties of a high refractive index leading to high hiding power and whiteness of...
Cyclopropenoid fatty acids (CPFA), which are a group of
fatty acids produced by plants of the order Malvales, are known
to induce adverse physiological effects when administered to a
variety of animal species. A structurally strained cyclopropene
ring is present in all CPFA and is believed responsible for the
toxic...
Themes of authorship in Aphra Behn's Oroonoko and Daniel Defoe's Robinson Crusoe highlight locations in the stories that expose the author's concerns with their responsibilities and contributions to society. In order to frame a discussion of authorship in Oroonoko and Robinson Crusoe, it is essential to position Behn and Crusoe...
Celebrity culture is part of a long history of fame, but the modern celebrity individual came into focus in the nineteenth century. The first part of this thesis distinguishes modern celebrity – including its morality – from other types of fame, explores the intersection of celebrity and gender through the...
The Kittlitz's murrelet (Brachyramphus brevirostris) is a species of conservation concern over the entirety of its known range, which spans coastal Alaska and northeastern Russia. Concerns about the status of the species have been raised due to evidence of population declines in key breeding areas, low reproductive output, and perceived...
The Pacific Northwest is at risk for significant seismic and tsunami events, which are capable of severely damaging lifeline transportation infrastructure, particularly bridges. As the bridges in the United States age and begin to show signs of fatigue, the risk for severe damage increases. Proper monitoring and inspection of bridges...
This thesis presents two conceptually linked papers outlining methodologies to improve community resilience. Both papers employ Seaside, Oregon as a testbed community and consider the seismic-tsunami hazard posed by the Cascadia Subduction Zone. The first paper presents a framework to deaggregate the results of a multi-hazard, multi-infrastructure, damage analysis by...
The phenomena of interest in this work is the thermal stratification which occurs during the early stages of a loss of coolant accident (LOCA) in the OSU APEX Thermal Hydraulic Test Facility, which is a scaled model of the Westinghouse AP600 nuclear power plant. Thermal stratification has been linked to...
Despite the belief that fuels management, a form of prescribed fire that reduces accumulated fuels in commercially thinned forests, is necessary to restore forest 'health' in the Pacific Northwest, its effects on wildlife has received little attention in the scientific literature. Because fuels management is supported, funded, and implemented nationwide...
Lateral spread is a pervasive type of liquefaction-induced ground failure that occurs on gentle slopes or near free-faces, such as river channels. Resulting horizontal displacements can reach up to several meters, and can be considerably damaging to foundations, bridges, roadways, pipelines, etc. In the 1990s, Bartlett and Youd (1992a, 1995)...
These studies are part of the Demonstration of Ecosystem Management Options (DEMO) study, a program researching the effects of different levels and patterns of green-tree retention on ecological, economic, and social phenomena. We restricted our studies to the 15% basal area, evenly dispersed retention treatment. Our objectives were, first, to...
The DNA repair capabilities of rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri)
were studied vising the method of autoradiography. Trout were fed a
semi-purified control diet containing 0 ppm, 50 ppm, or 300 ppm
cyclopropenoid fatty acids (CPFA) for 6-9 weeks. Liver slices were
prepared and exposed in vitro to a control treatment,...
My thesis, entitled "Fantastic Histories: How Malory's Morte Darthur
Influenced Tolkien's The Silmarillion," argues that J.R.R. Tolkien's Silmarillion
shares distinct similarities in style and content with Sir Thomas Malory's Morte
Darthur, primarily in the lack of detail in the descriptions of characters and events, as
each attempts to create a...
Greater degrees of insulin resistance are associated with increased rates of coronary artery disease (CAD) progression. However, the specific behavioral determinants of insulin resistance are not well known in patients with CAD. Although abdominal obesity contributes to insulin resistance, the extent to which abdominal obesity may modify the relationship between...
A physical model study was performed to examine the forces and response of 1:6 scale wood-frame coastal residential structures subjected to storm surge and waves. An on-grade and an elevated specimen were tested and exposed to regular waves with varying water depths and wave heights to simulate Hurricane Sandy’s conditions....
This thesis examines depictions of medievalism in three central texts: Sir Walter Scott's Ivanhoe, Mark Twain's A Connecticut Yankee in King Arthur's Court, and George R.R. Martin's A Game of Thrones. Each of these texts provides an entry point for exploring the ways in which English and American writers have...
The Steel Plate Shear Wall (SPSW) system, is an innovative seismic lateral force resistant system, which has experienced increased use over the last three decades. The SPSW system is composed of boundary elements which anchor web plates that develop diagonal tension fields. A number of SPSW buildings have been built...
Japan is the biggest importer of tropical logs in the
world, and most of them are from Southeast Asia. It is also
a major offerer of Official Development Assistance (ODA) to
this area. The purpose of this thesis is to analyze the
relationship between Japanese bilateral ODA to three
Southeast...
Meeting the energy demands of the future is one of the most important challenges facing the engineering community today. An example of this problem is transportation fuels. Most of the current transportation fuels are composed of petroleum hydrocarbons. Finding a viable alternative is important given the potential scarcity of these...
Application Stores, such as the iTunes App Store, give developers access to their users’ complaints and requests in the form of application reviews. However, little is known about how developers are responding to application reviews. Without such knowledge developers, users, Application Stores, and researchers could make incorrect assumptions. To address...
The formation of cytosine hydroperoxide was detected in
aqueous cytosine solutions irradiated with Co-60 γ-rays at pH 2.
The nucleotide of cytosine, cytidylic acid, forms a hydroperoxide
which was detected in neutral solution. The stability of the hydroperoxides of cytosine, thymine, and their nucleotides was found to
be a function...
The Kittlitz's murrelet (Brachyramphus brevirostris), a small pursuit-diving seabird in the family Alcidae, occurs across much of coastal Alaska and parts of the Russian Far East. Glacier Bay National Park, located in Southeast Alaska, is believed to support approximately 37% of the worldwide breeding population of Kittlitz's murrelets during the...
Triphenylmethyl dye cyanides have been known to be sensitive to ultraviolet radiation since early in this century. Under appropriate conditions, exposure to uv leads to heteropolar fission of the C-CN bond (photoionization) and intense coloration due to dye formation. Thin homogeneous films of hexahydroxyethyl pararosaniline cyanide in a nylon matrix...
Determining accurate elevations is important for many engineering and scientific applications, and finding these heights via GNSS increases efficiency and significantly reduces the costs as compared to precise geodetic leveling. The National Geodetic Survey (NGS) has published guidelines for determining both ellipsoidal and orthometric heights with GPS to within 2...
The experimental setup and data are presented for a laboratory experiment conducted to examine realistic wave forcing on a highway bridge superstructure. The experiments measure wave conditions along with the resulting forces, pressures, and structural response of a 1:5 scale, reinforced concrete model of a typical section of the I-10...
Research universities in the United States recognize the importance of attracting graduate students from around the world to make global collaborations possible and to take advantage of the worldwide demand for higher education. Educational research has developed a large body of literature on the specialized supports that improve successful outcomes...
This study explores the narratives of male undergraduate students and their experiences with body dissatisfaction. The inquiry utilizes a constructivist epistemology and a qualitative design in order to best understand previous and current experiences of individuals who have reflected upon their body image as part of their identity. To gather...
The purpose of this thesis is to better understand how students who experience anxiety that interferes with their daily functioning perceive and interact with their formal learning environments such as classrooms and lab spaces so that instruction in these spaces may be improved. Specific attention was paid to the ways...
This thesis is comprised of a manuscript based on a laboratory experiment run in the Tsunami Wave Basin as part of a research project funded by the Network for Earthquake Engineering Simulation called Housesmash. The purpose of the experiment was to better understand the role of the urban environment, represented...
This study explored the lived experiences of graduate students in masters-level academic programs who become pregnant, whether intended or otherwise, and the sources from which they received support in their efforts to balance their dual responsibilities as students and mothers-to-be. Through a series of three, semistructured one-on-one interviews, seven participants...
Despite unprecedented access to information, the American public has been shown to have difficulty distinguishing factually correct information from misinformation. Misinformation can, and does, alter voting patterns and policy preferences which impact the range of policy solutions available to policymakers. In recent years, media organizations have begun specialized ‘fact-‐checking’ operations...
A simulation study of end-of-aisle order picking AS/R systems
is made with special emphasis on improving the system throughput by
introducing a zone near the home (Input/Output) location on each side
of the aisle, for storing partially picked pallets. The study considered
class-based-turnover assignment policies, one with a zone and...
In the last 200 years there have been significant declines in the amount and structural complexity of oak-dominated forests and savannahs in the Pacific Northwest. Restoring oak systems often involves selectively thinning stands of oaks in order to reduce competition for sunlight. In choosing which trees to cut, land managers...
Steep bathymetric anomalies in the beach profile, such as offshore borrow pits, submerged breakwaters, and nearshore canyons can significantly transform the wave climate through the effects of refraction, diffraction, and reflection. When located in the nearshore region the modified wave climate can also substantially change the location of breaking and...
Studies of some components of test weight in Soft White wheat
revealed distinct subclass differences. Wheat kernels of Soft White
more completely occupied a given volume than did kernels of White
Club. The Soft White kernels were larger and had a higher density
than the White Club kernels. Because of...
Members of the family Chlamydiae cause a wide range of diseases. Chlamydia trachomatis and C. pneumoniae are most commonly associated with human disease. C. psittaci and C. pecorum are largely animal pathogens, although C. psittaci can cause pneumonia in the elderly and immunocompromised. A vaccine against these pathogens is desirable,...
The objective of this study was to identify visual or easily
measured morphological characters associated with seed yield or its
components in a spaced-plant nursery of tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea
Schreb.). In 1977, 26 plant characteristics were observed on 210 plants
from seven different geographic regions of origin. Each origin...
One of the unique problems associated with salmon gillnet fishing
is of preventing the fouling of the boat's propeller in the net and
associated fishing gear. Presently, the solution to this problem has
been the addition of a basket type propeller guard which may produce
a drag increase of 50...
Perhaps more than any other building type, ecclesiastical buildings preserve
a wealth of information about those who erected and used the structures. In
terms of style, form, and function, religious architecture reflects a group's
philosophies about the physical and metaphysical worlds, and the cultural
traditions within their own community. This...
The North Muddy Mountains are located in southern
Nevada, about 65 km northeast of Las Vegas and near the
eastern boundary of the Basin and Range province. The
north-south-trending range block is bounded on the east and
west, respectively, by east- and west-dipping, high-angle
normal faults. Sevier age contractional and...
Tetracycline is a front line antibiotic for the treatment of chlamydial infections in both humans and animals, and the emergence of tetracycline resistant (tet[superscript R]) Chlamydia is of significant clinical importance. Recently, several tet[superscript R] chlamydial strains have been isolated from swine (Sus scrofa) raised in production facilities in Nebraska....
In high-frequency circuit design, performance is often limited by the quality of the passive components available for a particular process. Specifically, spiral inductors can be a major bottle-neck for Voltage-Controlled Oscillators (VCOs), Low-Noise Amplifiers (LNAs), mixers, etc. For designers to correctly optimize a circuit using a spiral inductor, several frequency-domain...
One of the most common problems in wine production is the formation of hydrogen sulfide (H₂S) and other volatile sulfur compounds (VSCs), which can mask positive aromas at low concentrations and result in unpleasant aromas such as rotten egg, cabbage, garlic, and rubber at higher concentrations. Despite the large body...
This study models the household demand for vehicle miles traveled with a focus on the effects from bicycle ridership and transit ridership. Through the use of data from the Oregon Household Activity Survey collected on behalf of the Oregon Department of Transportation, evidence is found that households participating in bicycle...
As ornamental container nurseries face diminishing water allocations, many are looking to automated irrigation solutions to increase their water application efficiency. This thesis presents the findings of a study conducted at a commercial container nursery to determine 1) whether a capacitance or load cell sensor was better suited for monitoring...
A forward-chaining logic programming system (FORLOG) has been developed at Oregon State University. This system coupled with an assumption-based truth maintenance system (ATMS), provides an alternative to the logic programming paradigm of backward-chaining with Horn clauses. To compare FORLOG to this paradigm, we define a subset of FORLOG, called mini-FORLOG,...
Microscale fluid processes are an increasingly important subgroup of fluid mechanics. Applications for heat transfer and micro-electro-mechanical devices use flows on the scale of less than one hundred microns. This study is part of a larger work in which a multiphase, high shear environment is studied in a microchannel that...
This research seeks to understand the influences of perception on land use around
the Mount Hood area of Oregon and evaluate how it has evolved over the past 4,000
years. The study addresses three specific questions:
1) How has the study area evolved over time into the modern landscape?
2)...
As part of a study to determine the history and potential for conflict in international freshwater
basins, an estimate was made of the location of arable and irrigable land in the world.
Knowledge about the world's arable and irrigable land was desired since this information could
be an indicator of...
Boreal and temperate biomes host nearly half of the earth’s forested ecosystems. The temperate rainforests of the Pacific coast of North America constitute nearly half of all temperate rainforests on earth. Along the northern extent of this region, the perhumid and sub-polar rainforests of southeast and southcentral Alaska are among...
Proper nitrogen (N) management and variety selection are important for profitable hard red winter (HRW) wheat production in the dryland growing regions of northeastern Oregon. In these dryland systems, N management for grain yield and grain protein concentration (GPC) is challenging due to climatic and year-to-year variation in production environments....
Vessel traffic places the sensitive environmental, natural, and cultural resources of Washington’s outer coast at risk of oil or hazardous materials spills. In 1995, International Maritime Organization established the Area to be Avoided off the Washington Coast (ATBA) to reduce this risk. Annual estimates of vessel compliance with the ATBA...
Metamorphosed volcanogenic rocks of the Permian and Triassic Seven Devils Group are exposed in the northern part of the Heavens Gate 7.5 minute quadrangle, western Idaho. These rocks originated in a volcanic arc at a destructive plate margin. In the north, rocks that probably belong to the Lower Permian Hunsaker...
The introduction of non-native species often results in fundamental changes in the structure and function of disturbed environments. In the Pacific Northwest (PNW), the introduced seagrass Zostera japonica is rapidly expanding in distribution, impacting stakeholders and public use of the intertidal. Z. japonica’s expansion has prompted a number of different...
A majority of eighteenth-century novels remain in regular print over two hundred years since their inception. Yet with the possible exception of Robinson Crusoe, they have largely fallen out of popularity, rarely appearing on "The Summer's Hottest Reading" lists or receiving celebrity endorsement. I consider Ian Watt's foundational study, The...
Riparian zones are critical habitats for management because of their importance
for both cattle production and wildlife, and a high potential for resource conflicts.
Riparian management should address habitat and microhabitat features that sustain both
livestock production and wildlife diversity. I conducted a study to determine how small
mammal distributions...
Riparian zones provide habitat for breeding birds in the semiarid western United States; however, there are few data available that address the effects of livestock grazing strategies on riparian habitats and avian communities. Documenting avian community composition in different riparian vegetation communities and relating vegetation communities to livestock grazing strategies...
Coastal vegetation dampens waves which can provide benefits to the local area, but existing literature shows large variations in the degree of wave height attenuation depending on plant properties and wave conditions. Better knowledge of how to predict the wave height decay accurately in different types of vegetation may help...
Over recent decades, the marine ecosystems of Prince William Sound (PWS), Alaska have experienced the concurrent effects of a major anthropogenic disturbance, the 1989 Exxon Valdez oil spill (EVOS), and a dynamic atmospheric-oceanic environment. Studies of top marine consumers can provide insights into processes of ecosystem change. Using data collected...
Static ultra-high pressure (200, 270, and 340 MPa) and sinusoidal and
step-pressure (0-270 MPa) pulses were compared by determining their effects on
bacteria and yeast survival counts. Samples were commercial pineapple chunks
used as is and fresh cut pineapple and pineapple juice inoculated with
Saccharomyces cerevisiae 2407-1a. Surviving bacteria and...
In 1981, illegal processing of rapeseed oil by a Spanish oil refinery resulted in the mass foodborne illness epidemic known as Toxic Oil Syndrome (TOS). The toxic oil associated with this epidemic was sold in neighborhood markets and by itinerant salesmen as inexpensive olive oil. Ingestion of the toxic oil...
The status of wild sheep in North America typifies the plight of many wildlife species in modern times: wild sheep have declined to 10-40% of their numbers during pristine times and on a global scale approximately 31% of Caprine are considered threatened or critical. As human populations and the number...
Riparian areas in the Pacific Northwest provide important biotic and abiotic
features, such as down wood, moist microsites, and abundant invertebrate prey that
benefit aquatic and terrestrial amphibians. Reported high densities of amphibians from
streams and riparian areas in the Pacific Northwest highlight their importance in riparian
food webs. Amphibians...
Brooks Island, located in central San Francisco Bay, California, currently supports the largest breeding colony of Caspian terns (Hydroprogne caspia) in the Bay Area, and is one of several proposed relocation sites for some Caspian terns from the world's largest colony in the Columbia River estuary of Oregon. Juvenile salmonids...
Large scale disruption of natural habitats worldwide has led to concern over the
effects of habitat fragmentation on wildlife populations. Small scale experiments may be
a useful tool for discovering effects of fragmentation over larger landscape scales. I
sought to explore the potential for using voles as an experimental model...
Models are commonly used to assess and predict wildlife response to management practices. Model validation is essential if managers are to use them with confidence. Fifteen forest bird-habitat relationship models were developed by biologists using data collected from private forestland in southwest Washington. These models predict species' probability of occurring...
North American sagebrush (Artemisia spp.) ecosystems are suffering from
reductions in habitat extent and quality. Only about 50% of sagebrush remains
from pre-settlement conditions, and much of the remaining habitat is
fragmented or degraded by invasive species, fire suppression and overgrazing.
Sagebrush-obligate species are experiencing population declines as a result...
Prairie-oak ecosystems in the Willamette Valley, Oregon have experienced habitat loss and degradation; most of these ecosystems are fragmented into smaller patches. Prairie-oak butterfly species, in the Willamette Valley, have decreased dramatically due to loss or degradation of habitat. More research is needed on sustaining the populations of butterflies in...
The Pigeon Guillemot (Cepphus columba) is now the only species of marine bird in Prince William Sound (PWS), Alaska that is listed as "not recovering" on the Exxon Valdez Oil Spill (EVOS) Trustee Council's Injured Resources List and has shown no sign of population recovery. During the 20 years since...
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_____________________________________________________________________
Daniel D. Roby
The Pigeon Guillemot (Cepphus columba) is now the only species of marine bird
This study was designed to enhance understanding of factors influencing foraging distribution, diet composition, and overall
reproductive success of Caspian terns (Sterna caspia) nesting on East
Sand Island in the Columbia River estuary. This colony of nearly
10,000 breeding pairs is of concern to regional resource managers
because Caspian terns...
The ability to non-destructively assess fish condition and subsequently track fish behavior and survival can be vital in understanding natural and anthropogenic stressors and sources of mortality, especially in populations of fish listed as threatened or endangered. I investigated the use of a quick, non-lethal, external examination technique to assess...
Declines in wild salmonid (Oncorhynchus spp.) populations in the Columbia River basin have resulted in managers identifying that avian predation on juvenile salmonids is an important limiting factor for salmonid recovery. Caspian Terns (Hydroprogne caspia), particularly those nesting in the Columbia River estuary, were identified as key avian predators that...
: ______________________________________________________________
Daniel D. Roby
Declines in wild salmonid (Oncorhynchus spp.) populations in the Columbia
The Kittlitz's murrelet (Brachyramphus brevirostris) is a rare member of the seabird family Alcidae that breeds in coastal areas of Alaska and Beringian Russia. The species belongs to the genus Brachyramphus, an unusual seabird taxon in which all three extant species nest non-colonially, situating their nests up to 75 km...
Availability of suitable nesting habitat that is free of nest predators and provides access to adequate prey resources within commuting distance is a major factor limiting seabird populations. Caspian terns (Hydroprogne caspia) in western North America have shifted their breeding habitat from naturally occurring habitats in interior wetlands, lakes, and...
The spatial ecology of a species is a vital component of informed management and restoration plans, yet little is known about how animals use restored or constructed habitat. We assessed home ranges, core areas, and habitat selection of the federally threatened Giant Gartersnake (Thamnophis gigas) using rice agricultural habitat and...
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_____________________________________________________________________
Daniel K. Rosenberg
The spatial ecology of a species is a vital component of informed
Small remnants of 'natural' habitats exist today throughout much of the world. Upland prairies in the Willamette Valley, Oregon have been nearly eliminated by conversion to agriculture and other uses. As a result, very few prairies remain and at least four butterfly species that require this habitat appear to be...
A detailed understanding of the foraging ecology of species preying upon
threatened or endangered prey may contribute to identifying and evaluating
management options to reduce predation, when such management is deemed
appropriate. In the Columbia River estuary, Caspian terns (Sterna caspia) and
double-crested cormorants (Phalacrocorax auritus) have been identified as...
I used a comparative and experimental approach to examine nest habitat selection, reproductive success, and nest site fidelity of burrowing owls (Athene cunicularia) in a large, non-fragmented grassland in southwest California. In 1999, I compared habitat characteristics between nest sites (n = 31) and randomly selected, unoccupied burrows (n =...
A wildfire burned over 40,000 ha of conifer and mixed conifer-hardwood forest in
the Silver Creek drainage of southwestern Oregon in the fall of 1987 allowing me to
assess big game use of a large natural burn. I used fecal pellet group counts to estimate
habitat use and effects of...
I evaluated the response of the federally listed endangered plant species Bradshaw's desert parsley (Lomatium bradshawii) to livestock grazing and small mammal depredation at Oak Creek, Linn County, Oregon, 1997-1998. I established six study blocks (three each in wooded and herbaceous pastures) with plots in each block randomly assigned to...
Recent declines in nesting success of some fish-eating seabirds in Alaska have been attributed to declines in availability of certain schooling forage fishes (e.g., capelin Mallotus villosus, Pacific sand lance Ammodytes hexapterus, and Pacific herring Clupea harengus pallasi). These fishes tend to have high lipid content compared with other species...
To assess the impact of low-altitude jet overflights on parental care, we examined nest attendance, time-activity budgets, and provisioning rates of 21 Peregrine Falcon (Falco peregrinus) pairs breeding along the Tanana River, Alaska in 1995 and 1996. Several intrinsic and extrinsic factors influenced attributes of nesting behavior. Female nest attendance...
To facilitate the design of Natural and Nature-Based Features (NNBF) for flood protection, this thesis expands an existing engineering design methodology to NNBF systems. The existing approach is a Level III reliability method for the performance-based design of traditional coastal engineering systems. The expanded methodology incorporates uncertainties inherent to both...
Incidental bycatch in commercial fisheries has been identified as a threat to black-footed albatrosses (Phoebastria nigripes) and Laysan albatrosses (P. immutabilis). Effective long-term conservation of these albatrosses necessitates a thorough understanding of their marine distribution, which marine habitats are selected during foraging, and where they are most likely to interact...
The Quotient Method (QM), a laboratory-based risk assessment methodology used by the Environmental Protection Agency to evaluate pesticides for registration and use, has not been thoroughly field-tested and its performance has not always been reliable. My objective was to determine if variation in vegetation structure or diet of exposed animals...