International development programs are often implemented with the goal of building community resilience, but without a clear articulation of how this goal will be met, or any consideration of if or why the effort was successful after it has concluded. This thesis considers three different activities implemented by the U....
In This Side of Paradise, The Great Gatsby, and several of his short stories, F. Scott Fitzgerald questions the importance of wealth as a factor in supporting happiness and fostering the American Dream on an individual basis. With these texts, Fitzgerald acknowledges that wealth is a factor and, simultaneously, a...
Lead (Pb), copper (Cu), and zinc (Zn) are known to have detrimental effects on aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems, and to human health both in rural and urban areas. Heavy metal contamination enters stormwater by atmospheric deposition and by the collection of surface particles during overland flow. Stormwater runoff in urban...
In a story of his life Les reflects on what he
has gained and what he has lost while seeking success in
the moving and shifting of military and academic life
through homes and schools all over the United States.
He describes himself as between races, languages, and
cultures.
The effect of pressure trunk injections of K₂HPO₄, and K₂SO₄.
solutions on the mineral content, growth, yield and fruit quality of
sweet cherry and mineral content of prune were investigated. A
complimentary study presented in Appendix 1, was conducted to
evaluate the short term effectiveness of K soil amendments, mulching...
Agonistic behavior among three species of Microtus live-trapped
near Corvallis, Oregon was recorded in order to interpret habitat
segregation by the species in areas of syrnpatry. The method used to
measure agonistic interaction was similar to that of Colvin (1970).
Agonistic behavior was recorded under red light in a neutral...
For many species of oceanic dolphins, photo-identification and genetic data indicate that these island-associated populations are demographically isolated from pelagic populations and that island-associated populations exhibit very different patterns of movement and habitat use. Melon-headed whales (Peponocephala electra) are generally considered a pelagic dolphin, but have been documented around oceanic...
The use of FDA-approved medications for the treatment of opioid use disorder (OUD) is a critical tool in reducing the impacts of the opioid crisis. Despite the known benefits of these medications, access to these treatments is lacking more than two decades into the opioid crisis. While most policy changes...
Benton County, Oregon is presently experiencing a crisis level of police contacts with mentally ill suspects. The cause of this sudden increase is currently unknown and local law enforcement is not adequately equipped or funded to respond to this development. This report summarizes the recent literature on law enforcement encounters...
Law enforcement in Indian Country has been characterized as a “maze of injustice”—one in which offenders too easily escape and victims are too easily lost (Amnesty International, 2007). Tribal, state, and federal governments have recently sought to amend this through the passage of the Tribal Law and Order Act (TLOA)...
Organically certified Northern Highbush Blueberry (NHB; Vaccinium corymbosum L.) production in the Columbia Basin region of Oregon and Washington is expanding. Soils in the region are typically calcareous and highly alkaline, often requiring pH adjustment to an ideal range of 4.5–5.5 to support the establishment of the acid-loving, ericaceous crop....
It is well documented that microplastics and semi-synthetic particles (<5 mm) pervade the marine environment, with their ingestion by marine fauna eliciting global concern. While fishes exposed to microparticles in a laboratory setting have exhibited both sub-lethal and lethal effects, the diversity in material, morphology, and size of these contaminants...
Biochar is a highly porous, carbon-rich residue produced by thermochemical conversion (pyrolysis) of plant biomass and carbonaceous organic materials under oxygen-controlled conditions. Chars produced by this process tend to have high ion-exchange capacities and, when added to soil, increase retention of water and nutrients and improve soil aggregation, porosity, and...
Twentieth century commercial whaling drastically reduced the abundance of great whale populations in the Southern Ocean. Exploitation began on the south Atlantic island of South Georgia, where catch records account for over 175,000 whales killed. Modern whaling within the Southern Ocean depleted populations rapidly, and by 1966, hunting blue whales...
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C. Scott Baker
Twentieth century commercial whaling drastically reduced the abundance of
Direct observation of a known number of black-tailed deer
(Odocoileus hemionus columbianus), within the Cedar Creek study
enclosure in the Tillamook Burn, Oregon, was carried on throughout
1964. Observations were made from three huts located outside of
the enclosure on surrounding prominences. During this period,
1,410 hours of observational time...
Over the last decade, the Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife (ODFW) has documented a precipitous decline in the Crooked River redband trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) population, prompting this study to address potential factors contributing to the decline. There are two main goals to this project: (1) identify potential factors contributing...
Pacific lamprey is an important cultural and ecological species to freshwater ecosystems of the Pacific Northwest. Lamprey often rear in low gradient portions of watersheds that have high exposure to climate warming, yet very little is known about their thermal physiology in comparison with other anadromous fishes such as Pacific...
The collapse of the I-35W Bridge in Minneapolis, MN in 2007 prompted an investigation into the design and inspection of the steel truss bridges. Further investigation into the collapse revealed that a gusset plate experienced sway buckling, causing the bridge failure. This bridge failure motivated research into the analysis and...
The effects of Marine protected areas (MPAs) on adult fish populations depend on the degree of protection provided, which is partly a function of MPA size and the spatial extent of fish movements. The Redfish Rocks Marine Reserve (RRMR) and MPA, located on the south coast of Oregon near Port...
Over the past three years recreational cannabis legalization has emerged as a major policy issue in the United States. The novelty of this movement has created a gap in the state of literature focusing on the examination of cannabis legalization policy processes. Using a two-pronged Multiple Streams approach, this study...
At any given time, 60% to 85% of prisoners across the United States are struggling with substance addiction and dependence. Upon release, about two-thirds of former prisoners will reoffend and return to prison. Due to the high rate of substance use and abuse in prisons, drug treatment, specifically Correctional Therapeutic...
To combat violence against women, the Brazilian government enacted the Maria da Penha Law (MPL) in 2006 and established the domestic violence specialized courts. Based on the assumption that fair procedures enhance the legitimacy of legal authorities and may enhance victims’ satisfaction and cooperation with prosecution, this research aims to...
Recent emphasis on linkages between essential fish habitat and fish stock productivity has raised concerns about the management of fishing activities such as trawling, which have the potential to impact fish habitat. Knowing specifically where and how intensively trawl effort has occurred over time provides ecologists with the necessary background...
The popular perception, throughout the United States of America, is that there is a positive relationship between recent immigration and crime. The more immigration in an urbanized setting, the more violent crime occurs. Crime is socially constructed to be associated with large influxes of “outsiders” into the community. America has...
The overarching purpose of this study is to examine the communication implications of a
self-proclaimed consensual organization (IT) within a classical organizational
environment. The literature review of relevant theory and research covers both
hierarchical and consensual organizations viewed via the classical, human relations, and
system perspectives. The researcher compares organizational...
In this paper I examine the impact of recent immigration, in addition to other community predictors on community counts of violent and property crimes in Austin, Texas, a multi-ethnic city. I combine data from the 2000 US census of population and housing with census tract level uniform crime report data...
Estuaries, which provide viable habitat for a plethora of fish and invertebrate species, are being increasingly impacted by anthropogenic and natural forces. Estuaries are important nursery habitat for young-of-the-year (YOY) Pacific rockfish (Sebastes spp.). Yaquina Bay, a marine-dominated estuary on the central Oregon Coast, served as a study site for...
The aim of this research is to understand and quantify the modeling differences between CSiBridge and OpenSees, and to determine sensitive model parameters. When designing bridges for the high seismic region of California, the California Department of Transportation (Caltrans) performs nonlinear time history analysis of their bridge models. For three-dimensional...
High-speed police pursuits occur daily across the United States. On average, one person dies per day as the result of a police pursuit. In certain contexts, it might be acceptable to society for a police officer to engage in a high-speed pursuit. The ends could justify the means. For example,...
The purpose of this study was to analyze the change in gay/lesbian friendships after
the disclosure of their sexual identity. Six specific areas were examined: (1) what are the
circumstances under which persons find out their close friends are gay/lesbian (hereafter
referred to as the event), (2) do relationships change...
The characteristics and associated storage dynamics of approximately 2000 pieces of fine woody debris (FWD; 2.5 cm <diameter<10 cm and 0.3 m<length<10 m) was evaluated over a three-year period in two undisturbed
salmonid nursery streams in Southeast Alaska. To index a given reaches propensity to capture and store FWD over...
California brome and blue wildrye are important native grass species in the Pacific Northwest. However, both species have been reported to have low emergence under less than favorable field conditions. Seed coating is used to improve emergence and stand establishment of various crops. Three studies were carried out to determine...
Escalating demand for organic blueberries has driven a significant expansion of northern highbush blueberry (NHB; Vaccinium corymbosum L.) production area. This expansion is particularly pronounced in regions of the Pacific Northwest where native soil conditions are sub-optimal for NHB, notably east of the Cascade Mountain Range of Oregon and Washington,...
On August 6, 1945 the United States of America dropped an atomic bomb
on the city of Hiroshima, Japan. Three days later another atomic bomb was
dropped on the city of Nagasaki, Japan. The events that led up to the United
States' decision to drop the atomic bombs on Japanese...
Dedicated to the preservation and promotion of many of the nation’s most threatened and endangered species, the W.L. Finley National Wildlife Refuge is highly invested in the management of some of the last remaining upland prairies once prevalent throughout Oregon's Willamette Valley. More than a century of land fragmentation, fire...
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AN ABSTRACT OF THE THESIS OF
Jona L. Ensley for the degree of Master of Science in
Forests are one of the largest repositories of terrestrial C. Understanding factors that drive organic matter transformations and nutrient efflux from these systems is therefore highly important. Temperate forests are of particular significance due to the large fraction of C that is stored below ground in the soil. Characterizing nutrient...
Waterfowl and the places they inhabit provide numerous economic benefits to society. The financial and other resources provided by waterfowl hunters to secure and protect waterfowl habitat are a major force for wetland protection, as guided under the North American Waterfowl Management Plan. However, the habitat and population objectives established...
Fall-sown barley will be increasingly important in the era of climate change due to higher yield potential and efficient use of water resources. Resistance/tolerance to biotic and abiotic stresses will be critical. Low temperature is an abiotic stress of great importance. Resistance to barley stripe rust (incited by Puccinia striifomis...
Understanding the factors that contribute to or limit reproductive success is a fundamental objective of the field of ecology, providing insight into the ways ecosystems function and facilitating better management of natural resources. Behaviors that benefit offspring often increase costs to parents, and thus parents must adjust their level of...
Salmonid populations in the Pacific Northwest are at historic lows and many
populations continue to decline. Previous studies have linked salmonid declines to land
use through degradation of in-stream physical habitat, but few of these studies have taken
geology into consideration. This study relates habitat parameters known to be important...
Surface Canopy Water (SCW) is the intercepted rain water that resides within the tree canopy and plays a significant role in the hydrological cycle. Challenges arise in measuring SCW in remote areas using traditional ground based techniques. Remote sensing in the radio spectrum has the potential to overcome the challenges...
The use of advanced concepts can make the nuclear fuel
cycle more efficient by allowing pins to be operated at
high powers and to higher burnups. Among the more
promising concepts in advanced fuels is sphere pac fuel.
In a first attempt to bring together models describing
individual phenomena, the...
Ten high mountain ponds in Mount Rainier National Park, Washington State, were
studied from June through September 1992 to investigate the influences of fluctuating
pond volumes on zooplankton communities. A temporary pond of short wet phase
duration was inhabited by zooplankton taxa with short generation times and a crustacean
taxa...
The objective of this paper is to conduct a geographical inventory
of a sand and gravel site, Lower Kiger Island, so as to identify and
evaluate other potential land uses subsequent to the extraction of its aggregate
resources. This information is intended to aid citizens, land use
planners, and sand...
A photographic band-ratioing technique was investigated.
The data source consisted of 70 mm Landsat Multispectral Scanner
(MSS) negatives. The process would require combining registered
positive and negative transparencies to achieve a ratio
modulation in the resulting print. This would also require
compensation for atmospheric effects on the original negatives by...
Benton County, Oregon has been experiencing relatively high growth and
development during the last five years. This new growth has put a strain on urban and
rural development in the county. To cope with this growth, comprehensive plans,
zoning, and many other planning issues must be assessed and revised according...
The Bureau of Justice Assistance (BJA) and the Office for Victims of Crime (OVC) Human Trafficking Task Forces bring together federal, state, and municipal governmental agencies and law enforcement agencies (“agencies”), and non-profit organizations and other service providers (“organizations”), for one main purpose: to reduce the trafficking of humans in...