Index Catalog // ScholarsArchive@OSU

Genetic and Functional Diversification of Small RNA Pathways in Plants

Creator:: Xie, Zhixin, Johansen, Lisa K., Gustafan, Adam M., Kasschau, Kristin D., Lellis, Andrew D., Zilberman, Daniel, Jacobsen, Steven E., and Carrington, James C.
Abstract:: Multicellular eukaryotes produce small RNA molecules (approximately 21–24 nucleotides) of two general types, microRNA (miRNA) and short interfering RNA (siRNA). They collectively function as sequence-specific guides to silence or regulate genes, transposons, and viruses and to modify chromatin and genome structure. Formation or activity of small RNAs requires factors belonging...
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High-Throughput Sequencing of Arabidopsis microRNAs : Evidence for Frequent Birth and Death of MIRNA Genes

Creator:: Fahlgren, Noah, Howell, Miya D., Kasschau, Kristin D., Sullivan, Christopher M., Cumbie, Jason S., Givan, Scott A., Law, Theresa F., Grant, Sarah R., Dangl, Jeffrey L., and Carrington, James C.
Abstract:: In plants, microRNAs (miRNAs) comprise one of two classes of small RNAs that function primarily as negative regulators at the posttranscriptional level. Several MIRNA genes in the plant kingdom are ancient, with conservation extending between angiosperms and the mosses, whereas many others are more recently evolved. Here, we use deep...
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Reproductive phase locking of mosquito populations in response to rainfall frequency

Creator:: Shaman, Jeffrey and Day, Jonathan F.
Abstract:: The frequency of moderate to heavy rainfall events is projected to change in response to global warming. Here we show that these hydrologic changes may have a profound effect on mosquito population dynamics and rates of mosquito-borne disease transmission. We develop a simple model, which treats the mosquito reproductive cycle...
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Genome-Wide Profiling and Analysis of Arabidopsis siRNAs

Creator:: Kasschau, Kristin D., Fahlgren, Noah, Chapman, Elisabeth J., Sullivan, Christopher M., Cumbie, Jason S., Givan, Scott A., and Carrington, James C.
Abstract:: Eukaryotes contain a diversified set of small RNA-guided pathways that control genes, repeated sequences, and viruses at the transcriptional and posttranscriptional levels. Genome-wide profiles and analyses of small RNAs, particularly the large class of 24-nucleotide (nt) short interfering RNAs (siRNAs), were done for wild-type Arabidopsis thaliana and silencing pathway mutants...
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The Generation Challenge Programme Platform: Semantic Standards and Workbench for Crop Science

Creator:: Bruskiewich, Richard, Senger, Martin, Davenport, Guy, Ruiz, Manuel, Rouard, Mathieu, Hazekamp, Tom, Takeya, Masaru, Doi, Koji, Satoh, Kouji, Costa, Marcos, Simon, Reinhard, Balaji, Jayashree, Akintunde, Akinnola, Mauleon, Ramil, Wanchana, Samart, Shah, Trushar, Anacleto, Mylah, Portugal, Arllet, Ulat, Victor Jun, Thongjuea, Supat, Braak, Kyle, Ritter, Sebastian, Dereeper, Alexis, Skofic, Milko, Rojas, Edwin, Martins, Natalia, Pappas, Georgios, Alamban, Ryan, Almodiel, Roque, Barboza, Lord Hendrix, Detras, Jeffrey, Manansala, Kevin, Mendoza, Michael Jonathan, Morales, Jeffrey, Peralta, Barry, Valerio, Rowena, Zhang, Yi, Gregorio, Sergio, Hermocilla, Joseph, Echavez, Michael, Yap, Jan Michael, Farmer, Andrew, Schiltz, Gary, Lee, Jennifer, Casstevens, Terry, Jaiswal, Pankaj, Meintjes, Ayton, Wilkinson, Mark, Good, Benjamin, Wagner, James, Morris, Jane, Marshall, David, Collins, Anthony, Kikuchi, Shoshi, Metz, Thomas, McLaren, Graham, and van Hintum, Theo
Abstract:: The Generation Challenge programme (GCP) is a global crop research consortium directed toward crop improvement through the application of comparative biology and genetic resources characterization to plant breeding. A key consortium research activity is the development of a GCP crop bioinformatics platform to support GCP research. This platform includes the...
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Absolute humidity and the seasonal onset of influenza in the continental United States

Creator:: Shaman, Jeffrey, Pitzer, Virginia E., Viboud, Cecile, Grenfell, Bryan T., and Lipsitch, Marc
Abstract:: Corrections 18 Mar 2010: Shaman J, Pitzer VE, Viboud C, Grenfell BT, Lipsitch M (2010) Correction: Absolute Humidity and the Seasonal Onset of Influenza in the Continental United States. PLOS Biology 8(3): 10.1371/annotation/35686514-b7a9-4f65-9663-7baefc0d63c0. 15 Mar 2010: Shaman J, Pitzer VE, Viboud C, Grenfell BT, Lipsitch M (2010) Correction: Absolute Humidity...
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The VAMOS Ocean-Cloud-Atmosphere-Land Study Regional Experiment (VOCALS-REx): goals, platforms, and field operations

Creator:: Wood, R., Mechoso, C. R., Bretherton, C. S., Weller, R. A., Huebert, B., Straneo, F., Albrecht, B. A., Coe, H., Allen, G., Vaughan, G., Daum, P., Fairall, C., Chand, D., Klenner, L. Gallardo, Garreaud, R., Grados, C., Covert, D. S., Bates, T. S., Krejci, R., Russell, L. M., de Szoeke, Simon P., Brewer, A., Yuter, S. E., Springston, S. R., Chaigneau, A., Toniazzo, T., Minnis, P., Palikonda, R., Abel, S. J., Brown, W. O. J., Williams, S., Fochesatto, J., Brioude, J., and Bower, K. N.
Abstract:: The VAMOS Ocean-Cloud-Atmosphere-Land Study Regional Experiment (VOCALS-REx) was an international field program designed to make observations of poorly understood but critical components of the coupled climate system of the southeast Pacific. This region is characterized by strong coastal upwelling, the coolest SSTs in the tropical belt, and is home to...
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Roles of brca2 (fancd1) in Oocyte Nuclear Architecture, Gametogenesis, Gonad Tumors, and Genome Stability in Zebrafish

Creator:: Rodriguez-Mari, Adriana, Wilson, Catherine, Titus, Tom A., Canestro, Cristian, BreMiller, Ruth A., Yan, Yi-Lin, Nanda, Indrajit, Johnston, Adam, Kanki, John P., Gray, Erin M., He, Xinjun, Spitsbergen, Jan, Schindler, Detlev, and Postlethwait, John H.
Abstract:: Mild mutations in BRCA2 (FANCD1) cause Fanconi anemia (FA) when homozygous, while severe mutations cause common cancers including breast, ovarian, and prostate cancers when heterozygous. Here we report a zebrafish brca2 insertional mutant that shares phenotypes with human patients and identifies a novel brca2 function in oogenesis. Experiments showed that...
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Amplification and dampening of soil respiration by changes in temperature variability

Creator:: Sierra, C. A., Harmon, M. E., Thomann, E., Perakis, S. S., and Loescher, H. W.
Abstract:: Accelerated release of carbon from soils is one of the most important feedbacks related to anthropogenically induced climate change. Studies addressing the mechanisms for soil carbon release through organic matter decomposition have focused on the effect of changes in the average temperature, with little attention to changes in temperature variability....
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The ERI-6/7 Helicase Acts at the First Stage of an siRNA Amplification Pathway That Targets Recent Gene Duplications

Creator:: Fischer, Sylvia E. J., Montgomery, Taiowa A., Zhang, Chi, Fahlgren, Noah, Breen, Peter C., Hwang, Alexia, Sullivan, Christopher M., Carrington, James C., and Ruvkun, Gary
Abstract:: Endogenous small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) are a class of naturally occuring regulatory RNAs found in fungi, plants, and animals. Some endogenous siRNAs are required to silence transposons or function in chromosome segregation; however, the specific roles of most endogenous siRNAs are unclear. The helicase gene eri-6/7 was identified in the...
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Phylogeny of minute carabid beetles and their relatives based upon DNA sequence data (Coleoptera, Carabidae, Trechitae)

Creator:: Maddison, David R. and Ober, Karen A.
Abstract:: The phylogeny of ground beetles of supertribe Trechitae is inferred using DNA sequences of genes that code for 28S ribosomal RNA, 18S ribosomal RNA, and wingless. Within the outgroups, austral psydrines are inferred to be monophyletic, and separate from the three genera of true Psydrina (Psydrus, Nomius, Laccocenus); the austral...
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Inferring phytoplankton carbon and eco-physiological rates from diel cycles of spectral particulate beam-attenuation coefficient

Creator:: Dall'Olmo, G., Boss, E., Behrenfeld, M. J., Westberry, T. K., Courties, C., Prieur, L., Pujo-Pay, M., Hardman-Mountford, N., and Moutin, T.
Abstract:: The diurnal fluctuations in solar irradiance impose a fundamental frequency on ocean biogeochemistry. Observations of the ocean carbon cycle at these frequencies are rare, but could be considerably expanded by measuring and interpreting the inherent optical properties. A method is presented to analyze diel cycles in particulate beam-attenuation coefficient (c[subscript...
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Mapping Migratory Bird Prevalence Using Remote Sensing Data Fusion

Creator:: Swatantran, Anu, Dubayah, Ralph, Goetz, Scott, Hofton, Michelle, Betts, Matthew G., Sun, Mindy, Simard, Marc, and Holmes, Richard
Abstract:: Background: Improved maps of species distributions are important for effective management of wildlife under increasing anthropogenic pressures. Recent advances in lidar and radar remote sensing have shown considerable potential for mapping forest structure and habitat characteristics across landscapes. However, their relative efficacies and integrated use in habitat mapping remain largely...
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Predation on an Upper Trophic Marine Predator, the Steller Sea Lion: Evaluating High Juvenile Mortality in a Density Dependent Conceptual Framework

Creator:: Horning, Markus and Mellish, Jo-Ann E.
Abstract:: The endangered western stock of the Steller sea lion (Eumetopias jubatus) - the largest of the eared seals - has declined by 80% from population levels encountered four decades ago. Current overall trends from the Gulf of Alaska to the Aleutian Islands appear neutral with strong regional heterogeneities. A published...
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Heterokaryon Incompatibility Is Suppressed Following Conidial Anastomosis Tube Fusion in a Fungal Plant Pathogen

Creator:: Ishikawa, Francine H., Souza, Elaine A., Shoji, Jun-ya, Connolly, Lanelle, Freitag, Michael, Read, Nick D., and Roca, M. Gabriela
Abstract:: It has been hypothesized that horizontal gene/chromosome transfer and parasexual recombination following hyphal fusion between different strains may contribute to the emergence of wide genetic variability in plant pathogenic and other fungi. However, the significance of vegetative (heterokaryon) incompatibility responses, which commonly result in cell death, in preventing these processes...
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Delayed Cutaneous Wound Healing and Aberrant Expression of Hair Follicle Stem Cell Markers in Mice Selectively Lacking Ctip2 in Epidermis

Creator:: Liang, Xiaobo, Bhattacharya, Shreya, Bajaj, Gaurav, Guha, Gunjan, Wang, Zhixing, Jang, Hyo-Sang, Leid, Mark, Indra, Arup Kumar, and Ganguli-Indra, Gitali
Abstract:: Background: COUP-TF interacting protein 2 [(Ctip2), also known as Bcl11b] is an important regulator of skin homeostasis, and is overexpressed in head and neck cancer. Ctip2(ep-/-) mice, selectively ablated for Ctip2 in epidermal keratinocytes, exhibited impaired terminal differentiation and delayed epidermal permeability barrier (EPB) establishment during development, similar to what...
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Genetic Diversity and Population Parameters of Sea Otters, Enhydra lutris, before Fur Trade Extirpation from 1741–1911

Creator:: Larson, Shawn, Jameson, Ron, Etnier, Michael, Jones, Terry, and Hall, Roberta
Abstract:: All existing sea otter, Enhydra lutris, populations have suffered at least one historic population bottleneck stemming from the fur trade extirpations of the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. We examined genetic variation, gene flow, and population structure at five microsatellite loci in samples from five pre-fur trade populations throughout the sea...
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Circumpolar Diversity and Geographic Differentiation of mtDNA in the Critically Endangered Antarctic Blue Whale (Balaenoptera musculus intermedia)

Creator:: Sremba, Angela L., Hancock-Hanser, Brittany, Branch, Trevor A., LeDuc, Rick L., and Baker, C. Scott
Abstract:: The Antarctic blue whale (Balaenoptera musculus intermedia) was hunted to near extinction between 1904 and 1972, declining from an estimated initial abundance of more than 250,000 to fewer than 400. Here, we describe mtDNA control region diversity and geographic differentiation in the surviving population of the Antarctic blue whale, using...
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The Impact of Imitation on Vaccination Behavior in Social Contact Networks

Creator:: Mbah, Martial L. Ndeffo, Liu, Jingzhou, Bauch, Chris T., Tekel, Yonas I., Medlock, Jan, Meyers, Lauren Ancel, and Galvani, Alison P.
Abstract:: Previous game-theoretic studies of vaccination behavior typically have often assumed that populations are homogeneously mixed and that individuals are fully rational. In reality, there is heterogeneity in the number of contacts per individual, and individuals tend to imitate others who appear to have adopted successful strategies. Here, we use network-based...
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Comparative Composition, Diversity and Trophic Ecology of Sediment Macrofauna at Vents, Seeps and Organic Falls

Creator:: Bernardino, Angelo F., Levin, Lisa A., Thurber, Andrew R., and Smith, Craig R.
Abstract:: Sediments associated with hydrothermal venting, methane seepage and large organic falls such as whale, wood and plant detritus create deep-sea networks of soft-sediment habitats fueled, at least in part, by the oxidation of reduced chemicals. Biological studies at deep-sea vents, seeps and organic falls have looked at macrofaunal taxa, but...
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3,3'-Diindolylmethane Induces G₁ Arrest and Apoptosis in Human Acute T-Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia Cells

Creator:: Shorey, Lyndsey E., Hagman, Amanda M., Williams, David E., Ho, Emily, Dashwood, Roderick H., and Benninghoff, Abby D.
Abstract:: Certain bioactive food components, including indole-3-carbinol (I3C) and 3,3'-diindolylmethane (DIM) from cruciferous vegetables, have been shown to target cellular pathways regulating carcinogenesis. Previously, our laboratory showed that dietary I3C is an effective transplacental chemopreventive agent in a dibenzo[def,p]chrysene (DBC)-dependent model of murine T-cell lymphoblastic lymphoma. The primary objective of the...
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An Evaluation of Putative Sympatric Speciation within Limnanthes (Limnanthaceae)

Creator:: Meyers, Stephen C., Liston, Aaron, and Meinke, Robert
Abstract:: Limnanthes floccosa ssp. floccosa and L. floccosa ssp. grandiflora are two of five subspecies within Limnanthes floccosa endemic to vernal pools in southern Oregon and northern California. Three seasons of monitoring natural populations have quantified that L. floccosa ssp. grandiflora is always found growing sympatrically with L. floccosa ssp. floccosa...
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Near-Real-Time Acoustic Monitoring of Beaked Whales and Other Cetaceans Using a Seaglider (TM)

Creator:: Klinck, Holger, Mellinger, David K., Klinck, Karolin, Bogue, Neil M., Luby, James C., Jump, William A., Shilling, Geoffrey B., Litchendorf, Trina, Wood, Angela S., Schorr, Gregory S., and Baird, Robin W.
Abstract:: Correction 10 Aug 2012: Klinck H, Mellinger DK, Klinck K, Bogue NM, Luby JC, et al. (2012) Correction: Near-Real-Time Acoustic Monitoring of Beaked Whales and Other Cetaceans Using a Seaglider™. PLOS ONE 7(8): 10.1371/annotation/57ad0b82-87c4-472d-b90b-b9c6f84947f8.
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BCL11B Regulates Epithelial Proliferation and Asymmetric Development of the Mouse Mandibular Incisor

Creator:: Kyrylkova, Kateryna, Kyryachenko, Sergiy, Biehs, Brian, Klein, Ophir, Kioussi, Chrissa, and Leid, Mark
Abstract:: Mouse incisors grow continuously throughout life with enamel deposition uniquely on the outer, or labial, side of the tooth. Asymmetric enamel deposition is due to the presence of enamel-secreting ameloblasts exclusively within the labial epithelium of the incisor. We have previously shown that mice lacking the transcription factor BCL11B/CTIP2 (BCL11B...
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Footprint of Positive Selection in Treponema pallidum subsp. pallidum Genome Sequences Suggests Adaptive Microevolution of the Syphilis Pathogen

Creator:: Giacani, Lorenzo, Chattopadhyay, Sujay, Centurion-Lara, Arturo, Jeffrey, BrendanM., Le, Hoavan T., Molini, Barbara J., Lukehart, Sheila A., Sokurenko, Evgeni V., and Rockey, Daniel D.
Abstract:: In the rabbit model of syphilis, infection phenotypes associated with the Nichols and Chicago strains of Treponema pallidum (T. pallidum), though similar, are not identical. Between these strains, significant differences are found in expression of, and antibody responses to some candidate virulence factors, suggesting the existence of functional genetic differences...
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Effects of Cu/Zn Superoxide Dismutase (sod1) Genotype and Genetic Background on Growth, Reproduction and Defense in Biomphalaria glabrata

Creator:: Bonner, Kaitlin M., Bayne, Christopher J., Larson, Maureen K., and Blouin, Michael S.
Abstract:: Resistance of the snail Biomphalaria glabrata to the trematode Schistosoma mansoni is correlated with allelic variation at copper-zinc superoxide dismutase (sod1). We tested whether there is a fitness cost associated with carrying the most resistant allele in three outbred laboratory populations of snails. These three populations were derived from the...
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Spatial and Temporal Variability of Macroinvertebrates in Spawning and Non-Spawning Habitats during a Salmon Run in Southeast Alaska

Creator:: Campbell, Emily Y., Merritt, Richard W., Cummins, Kenneth W., and Benbow, M. Eric
Abstract:: Spawning salmon create patches of disturbance through redd digging which can reduce macroinvertebrate abundance and biomass in spawning habitat. We asked whether displaced invertebrates use non-spawning habitats as refugia in streams. Our study explored how the spatial and temporal distribution of macroinvertebrates changed during a pink salmon (Oncorhynchus gorbuscha) spawning...
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Calcium carbonate production response to future ocean warming and acidification

Creator:: Pinsonneault, A. J., Matthews, H. D., Galbraith, E. D., and Schmittner, A.
Abstract:: Anthropogenic carbon dioxide (CO₂) emissions are acidifying the ocean, affecting calcification rates in pelagic organisms, and thereby modifying the oceanic carbon and alkalinity cycles. However, the responses of pelagic calcifying organisms to acidification vary widely between species, contributing uncertainty to predictions of atmospheric CO₂ and the resulting climate change. At...
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Simulated Evolution of Protein-Protein Interaction Networks with Realistic Topology

Creator:: Peterson, G. Jack, Pressé, Steve, Peterson, Kristin S., and Dill, Ken A.
Abstract:: We model the evolution of eukaryotic protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks. In our model, PPI networks evolve by two known biological mechanisms: (1) Gene duplication, which is followed by rapid diversification of duplicate interactions. (2) Neofunctionalization, in which a mutation leads to a new interaction with some other protein. Since many...
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The Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Mediates Leflunomide- Induced Growth Inhibition of Melanoma Cells

Creator:: O’Donnell, Edmond F., Kopparapu, Prasad Rao, Koch, Daniel C., Jang, Hyo Sang, Phillips, Jessica Lynne, Tanguay, Robert L., Kerkvliet, Nancy I., and Kolluri, Siva Kumar
Abstract:: A novel role of the dihydroorotatedehydrogenase (DHODH) inhibitor leflunomide as a potential anti-melanoma therapy was recently reported (Nature 471: 518-22, 2011). We previously reported that leflunomide strongly activates the transcriptional activity of the Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor (AhR). We therefore tested whether the AhR regulates the anti-proliferative effects of leflunomide in...
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Loss of Abdominal Muscle in Pitx2 Mutants Associated with Altered Axial Specification of Lateral Plate Mesoderm

Creator:: Eng, Diana, Ma, Hsiao-Yen, Xu, Jun, Shih, Hung-Ping, Gross, Michael K., and Kiouss, Chrissa
Abstract:: Correction 17 Oct 2012: Eng D, Ma HY, Xu J, Shih HP, Gross MK, et al. (2012) Correction: Loss of Abdominal Muscle in Pitx2 Mutants Associated with Altered Axial Specification of Lateral Plate Mesoderm. PLOS ONE 7(10): 10.1371/annotation/c980d5a1-1899-4d30-af7b-573d4049cf4b
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Selfish Little Circles: Transmission Bias and Evolution of Large Deletion-Bearing Mitochondrial DNA in Caenorhabditis briggsae Nematodes

Creator:: Clark, Katie A., Howe, Dana K., Gafner, Kristin, Kusuma, Danika, Ping, Sita, Estes, Suzanne, and Denver, Dee R.
Abstract:: Selfish DNA poses a significant challenge to genome stability and organismal fitness in diverse eukaryotic lineages. Although selfish mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) has known associations with cytoplasmic male sterility in numerous gynodioecious plant species and is manifested as petite mutants in experimental yeast lab populations, examples of selfish mtDNA in animals...
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Avian Species Richness in Relation to Intensive Forest Management Practices in Early Seral Tree Plantations

Creator:: Jones, Jay E., Kroll, Andrew J., Giovanini, Jack, Duke, Steven D., Ellis, Tana M., and Betts, Matthew G.
Abstract:: •Background: Managers of landscapes dedicated to forest commodity production require information about how practices influence biological diversity. Individual species and communities may be threatened if management practices truncate or simplify forest age classes that are essential for reproduction and survival. For instance, the degradation and loss of complex diverse forest...
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Clostridium difficile Spore-Macrophage Interactions: Spore Survival

Creator:: Paredes-Sabja, Daniel, Cofre-Araneda, Glenda, Brito-Silva, Christian, Pizarro-Guajardo, Marjorie, and Sarker, Mahfuzur R.
Abstract:: Background: Clostridium difficile is the main cause of nosocomial infections including antibiotic associated diarrhea, pseudomembranous colitis and toxic megacolon. During the course of Clostridium difficile infections (CDI), C. difficile undergoes sporulation and releases spores to the colonic environment. The elevated relapse rates of CDI suggest that C. difficile spores has...
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In Vivo Quantification Reveals Extensive Natural Variation in Mitochondrial Form and Function in Caenorhabditis briggsae

Creator:: Hicks, Kiley A., Howe, Dana K., Leung, Aubrey, Denver, Dee R., and Estes, Suzanne
Abstract:: In We have analyzed natural variation in mitochondrial form and function among a set of Caenorhabditis briggsae isolates known to harbor mitochondrial DNA structural variation in the form of a heteroplasmic nad5 gene deletion (nad5 Delta) that correlates negatively with organismal fitness. We performed in vivo quantification of 24 mitochondrial...
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Macroalgae Decrease Growth and Alter Microbial Community Structure of the Reef-Building Coral, Porites astreoides

Creator:: Thurber, Rebecca Vega, Burkepile, Deron E., Correa, Adrienne M. S., Thurber, Andrew R., Shantz, Andrew A., Welsh, Rory, Pritchard, Catharine, and Rosales, Stephanie
Abstract:: With the continued and unprecedented decline of coral reefs worldwide, evaluating the factors that contribute to coral demise is of critical importance. As coral cover declines, macroalgae are becoming more common on tropical reefs. Interactions between these macroalgae and corals may alter the coral microbiome, which is thought to play...
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Mechanistic Insights into Validoxylamine A 7’-Phosphate Synthesis by VldE Using the Structure of the Entire Product Complex

Creator:: Cavalier, Michael C., Yim, Young-Sun, Asamizu, Shumpei, Neau, David, Almabruk, Khaled H., Mahmud, Taifo, and Lee, Yong-Hwan
Abstract:: The pseudo-glycosyltransferase VldE catalyzes non-glycosidic C-N coupling between an unsaturated cyclitol and a saturated aminocyclitol with the conservation of the stereochemical configuration of the substrates to form validoxylamine A 7'-phosphate, the biosynthetic precursor of the antibiotic validamycin A. To study the molecular basis of its mechanism, the three-dimensional structures of...
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High-Density SNP Genotyping of Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) Reveals Patterns of Genetic Variation Due to Breeding

Creator:: Sim, Sung-Chur, Van Deynze, Allen, Stoffel, Kevin, Douches, David S., Zarka, Daniel, Ganal, Martin W., Chetelat, Roger T., Hutton, Samuel F., Scott, John W., Gardner, Randolph G., Panthee, Dilip R., Mutschler, Martha, Myers, James R., and Francis, David M.
Abstract:: The effects of selection on genome variation were investigated and visualized in tomato using a high-density single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) array. 7,720 SNPs were genotyped on a collection of 426 tomato accessions (410 inbreds and 16 hybrids) and over 97% of the markers were polymorphic in the entire collection. Principal...
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Short-term responses of native bees to livestock and implications for managing ecosystem services in grasslands

Creator:: Kimoto, Chiho, DeBano, Sandra J., Thorp, Robbin W., Taylor, Robert V., Schmalz, Heidi, DelCurto, Timothy, Johnson, Tracey, Kennedy, Patricia L., and Rao, Sujaya
Abstract:: Rangelands are significant providers of ecosystem services in agroecosystems world‐wide. Yet few studies have investigated how different intensities of livestock grazing impact one important provider of these ecosystem services—native bees. We conducted the first large‐scale manipulative study on the effect of a gradient of livestock grazing intensities on native bees...
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Length Bias Correction in Gene Ontology Enrichment Analysis Using Logistic Regression

Creator:: Mi, Gu, Di, Yanming, Emerson, Sarah, Cumbie, Jason S., and Chang, Jeff H.
Abstract:: When assessing differential gene expression from RNA sequencing data, commonly used statistical tests tend to have greater power to detect differential expression of genes encoding longer transcripts. This phenomenon, called "length bias", will influence subsequent analyses such as Gene Ontology enrichment analysis. In the presence of length bias, Gene Ontology...
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Physician Care Patterns and Adherence to Postpartum Glucose Testing after Gestational Diabetes Mellitus in Oregon

Creator:: Hunsberger, Monica L., Donatelle, Rebecca J., Lindsay, Karen, and Rosenberg, Kenneth D.
Abstract:: Objective: This study examines obstetrician/gynecologists and family medicine physicians' reported care patterns, attitudes and beliefs and predictors of adherence to postpartum testing in women with a history of gestational diabetes mellitus. Research Design and Methods: In November-December 2005, a mailed survey went to a random, cross-sectional sample of 683 Oregon...
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The α-Tocopherol Transfer Protein Is Essential for Vertebrate Embryogenesis

Creator:: Miller, Galen W., Ulatowski, Lynn, Labut, Edwin M., Lebold, Katie M., Manor, Danny, Atkinson, Jeffrey, Barton, Carrie L., Tanguay, Robert L., and Traber, Maret G.
Abstract:: The hepatic α-tocopherol transfer protein (TTP) is required for optimal α-tocopherol bioavailability in humans; mutations in the human TTPA gene result in the heritable disorder ataxia with vitamin E deficiency (AVED, OMIM #277460). TTP is also expressed in mammalian uterine and placental cells and in the human embryonic yolk-sac, underscoring...
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Amino Acid Uptake in Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Plants

Creator:: Whiteside, Matthew D., Garcia, Maria O., and Treseder, Kathleen K.
Abstract:: We examined the extent to which arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi root improved the acquisition of simple organic nitrogen (ON) compounds by their host plants. In a greenhouse-based study, we used quantum dots (fluorescent nanoparticles) to assess uptake of each of the 20 proteinaceous amino acids by AM-colonized versus uncolonized plants....
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Catching the Right Wave: Evaluating Wave Energy Resources and Potential Compatibility with Existing Marine and Coastal Uses

Creator:: Kim, Choong-Ki, Toft, Jodie E., Papenfus, Michael, Verutes, Gregory, Guerry, Anne D., Ruckelshaus, Marry H., Arkema, Katie K., Guannel, Gregory, Wood, Spencer A., Bernhardt, Joanna R., Tallis, Heather, Plummer, Mark L., Halpern, Benjamin S., Pinsky, Malin L., Beck, Michael W., Chan, Francis, Chan, Kai M. A., Levin, Phil S., and Polasky, Stephen
Abstract:: Many hope that ocean waves will be a source for clean, safe, reliable and affordable energy, yet wave energy conversion facilities may affect marine ecosystems through a variety of mechanisms, including competition with other human uses. We developed a decision-support tool to assist siting wave energy facilities, which allows the...
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Feeding Healthy Beagles Medium-Chain Triglycerides, Fish Oil, and Carnitine Offsets Age-Related Changes in Serum Fatty Acids and Carnitine Metabolites

Creator:: Hall, Jean A. and Jewell, Dennis E.
Abstract:: The purpose of this study was to determine if feeding dogs medium-chain triglycerides (MCT), fish oil, and L-carnitine enriched foods offsets age-associated changes in serum fatty acids (FA) and carnitine metabolites. Forty-one healthy Beagles, mean age 9.9 years (range 3.1 to 14.8), were fed control or one of two treatment...
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Endosperm Tolerance of Paternal Aneuploidy Allows Radiation Hybrid Mapping of the Wheat D-Genome and a Measure of γ Ray-Induced Chromosome Breaks

Creator:: Tiwari, Vijay K., Riera-Lizarazu, Oscar, Gunn, Hilary L., Lopez, KaSandra, Iqbal, M. Javed, Kianian, Shahryar F., and Leonard, Jeffrey M.
Abstract:: Physical mapping and genome sequencing are underway for the ≈17 Gb wheat genome. Physical mapping methods independent of meiotic recombination, such as radiation hybrid (RH) mapping, will aid precise anchoring of BAC contigs in the large regions of suppressed recombination in Triticeae genomes. Reports of endosperm development following pollination with...
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Initiation of Genome Instability and Preneoplastic Processes through Loss of Fhit Expression

Creator:: Saldivar, Joshua C., Miuma, Satoshi, Bene, Jessica, Hosseini, Seyed Ali, Shibata, Hidetaka, Sun, Jin, Wheeler, Linda J., Mathews, Christopher K., and Huebner, Kay
Abstract:: Genomic instability drives tumorigenesis, but how it is initiated in sporadic neoplasias is unknown. In early preneoplasias, alterations at chromosome fragile sites arise due to DNA replication stress. A frequent, perhaps earliest, genetic alteration in preneoplasias is deletion within the fragile FRA3B/FHIT locus, leading to loss of Fhit protein expression....
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Circadian Regulation of Glutathione Levels and Biosynthesis in Drosophila melanogaster

Creator:: Beaver, Laura M., Klichko, Vladimir I., Chow, Eileen S., Kotwica-Rolinska, Joanna, Williamson, Marisa, Orr, William C., Radyuk, Svetlana N., and Giebultowicz, Jadwiga M.
Abstract:: Circadian clocks generate daily rhythms in neuronal, physiological, and metabolic functions. Previous studies in mammals reported daily fluctuations in levels of the major endogenous antioxidant, glutathione (GSH), but the molecular mechanisms that govern such fluctuations remained unknown. To address this question, we used the model species Drosophila, which has a...
Resource Type:: Article

A new species of Bembidion (Ecuadion) from Ecuador (Coleoptera, Carabidae, Bembidiini), with a key to members of the georgeballi species group

Creator:: Maddison, David R. and Toledano, Luca
Abstract:: A new species of ground beetle, Bembidion ricei, is described from the Andes mountains of Ecuador east of Quito. It belongs to the georgeballi species group of subgenus Ecuadion, and is most similar to Bembidion georgeballi. A key to the species of the group is provided.
Resource Type:: Article

Frequent Alteration of the Tumor Suppressor Gene APC in Sporadic Canine Colorectal Tumors

Creator:: Youmans, Lydia, Taylor, Cynthia, Shin, Edwin, Harrell, Adrienne, Ellis, Angela E., Seguin, Bernard, Ji, Xinglai, and Zhao, Shaying
Abstract:: Sporadic canine colorectal cancers (CRCs) should make excellent models for studying the corresponding human cancers. To molecularly characterize canine CRC, we investigated exonic sequence mutations of adenomatous polyposis coli (APC), the best known tumor suppressor gene of human CRC, in 23 sporadic canine colorectal tumors, including 8 adenomas and 15...
Resource Type:: Article

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