Published November 1980. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
Published December 1984. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
Creating a new food product is exciting; selling it is challenging. The thrill of creating a new product often subsides once the task of developing sales becomes the priority. Sales can be one of the most arduous and emotional aspects of starting a new food company. Many new manufacturers hit...
Food business entrepreneurs who want to sell new products on retailer shelves need more than a unique product, great packaging, and luck. Successfully selling a product requires money, contacts, distribution, a marketing plan, and aggressive selling. While many food manufacturers handle their own sales, others have discovered that food brokers...
Bypass protein is an important part of the diet of lactating cattle. The National Research Council recommends that bypass protein make up 34 to 36 percent of the total crude protein consumed by lactating cattle.
A key problem faced by managers is how to allocate scarce resources
among activities or projects. Linear programming, or LP, is a method of
allocating resources in an optimal way. It is one of the most widely used operations research (OR) tools. It has been used successfully as a decisionmaking...
Discipline is needed. There is no doubt about that. Society couldn’t exist if people acted without regard for others. Why, then, is there so much disagreement about this subject?
One reason is that many people don’t understand what discipline means. The word “discipline” comes from “disciple,” someone who follows the...
Revised July 1985. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
Published January 1998. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
Published August 1969. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
Published November 1968. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
Published January 1970. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
Published November 1967. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
Published June 1966. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
Published March 1962. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
Published August 1964. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
Published May 1964. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
Published May 1996. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
Published February 1969. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
Published April 1989. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
Published March 1994. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
Published January 1945. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
Published January 2000. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
Published October 1988. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
Published November 1986. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
Published June 2002. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
Published February 1985. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
"Farmers' markets are valuable market channels for small farmers and important venues for the economic, nutritional, and social lives of communities. Efforts to make farmers' markets sustainable should focus on two influences on markets: external (related to public policy) and internal (related to market management). Well-crafted public policy is needed...
Grief includes many feelings, some of the most common being disbelief, numbness, guilt, anger, and intense sadness. Parents may not have the answers or may not even have comforting words to offer a grieving
child. However, they can be willing to listen and to answer questions honestly even when the...
Published January 1994. Reprinted April 2007. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
Your groundwater is at higher risk of contamination from excess nitrogen fertilizer if you have soils that drain quickly, such as river loam, coastal sand, or volcanic deposits.
Marsh, bog, swamp, slough, fen–these are just a few
of the names commonly applied to the class of
natural habitats called "wetlands." Broadly defined,
wetlands are land areas that have a prolonged high water
table or at least are covered with shallow water. As a transition
habitat between dry land...
It’s little wonder that people are confused by tree names. Foresters
and lay people often name a tree based on its physical appearance, the
wood products industry may call the tree by another name based on the
characteristics of the wood, and botanists name a tree based on its
anatomical...
Answers questions caused by the confusing names of Oregon's tree species, such as "Is incense-cedar really a cedar?" and "Is Douglas-fir a true fir?" Discusses scientific, common, and industry names for Oregon species. Covers true firs, Hem-fir, Douglas-fir, cedar, western juniper, pine, western larch, mountain-mahogany, tanoak, poisonoak, poplar, and myrtlewood.
Published July 1998. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
Published February 1998. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
Published January 1974. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
Published January 1981. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
Published May 1991. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
Published January 1985. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
Published May 2006. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
Published January 1990. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
Published July 1981. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
Published May 1971. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
Forest landowners are interested in practicing alternative silviculture methods on their property without having to clearcut. This publication describes a case study on shelterwood harvest and two-aged stand management of a forest in the Oregon Coast Range. The landowner’s core management philosophy is to create forests that are both ecologically...
Published May 1963. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
Published August 1985. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
Revised June 1979. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
Reprinted June 1973. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
Tuber oatgrass
(Arrhenatherum elatius var
bulbosum) is native to Europe
and was introduced into this
country as a meadow grass. It
is found throughout the
Pacific Northwest but is
common west of the Cascades
and locally in central Washington.
'Tubbs' is a soft white winter wheat variety developed by Oregon State University in cooperation with the USDA Agricultural Research Service. This publication describes the agronomic characteristics, development, and availability of Tubbs.
'Tubbs 06' is a soft white winter wheat variety developed by Oregon State University in cooperation with the USDA Agricultural Research Service. This publication describes the agronomic characteristics, development, and availability of Tubbs 06.
Declared out of print May 2010. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
Published September 1987. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
Published March 1985. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
Published May 1981. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
This publication is a guide for protecting, conserving, selecting, maintaining, removing, and replacing trees on development sites in the Pacific Northwest. The guidebook is designed to assist people who work with trees during the development and construction phases of both new and existing projects to keep healthy trees a part...
Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
This publication provides basic information on tree growth, characteristics that define wood quality, and the implications of common silvicultural (tree tending) activities on wood quality. It is at best a summary—tree growth is an immensely complex process, and not all aspects of wood formation are fully understood. Most of the...
The listing of many Pacific Northwest anadromous fish stocks as threatened or endangered has heightened the need to protect or enhance the health of entire river systems. Salmon, steelhead, and other anadromous fish swim from the ocean to the headwaters of their home river, where they spawn. Their young hatch...
Published December 1975. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
Sediment in water not only makes it unpleasant to drink or to use; sediment also harbors potentially dangerous microorganisms and protects them from the action of chlorine or other disinfectants that may be added to the water.
Mealybugs, a family of soft, oval-bodied pests (Homoptera: Pseudococcidae), are known vectors (carriers) of the grapevine leafroll associated viruses (GLRaVs) of grape. This document gives details on how pheromone traps should be used to ensure optimal catches and early detection.
A key problem managers face is how to allocate scarce
resources among various activities or projects. Linear
programming, or LP, is a method of allocating resources
in an optimal way. It is one of the most widely used operations
research tools and has been a decision making aid in almost...
Published June 1983. Reprinted March 1985. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
Published May 1981. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
Published May 1992. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
Published May 1992. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
Provides general rules for training, pruning, and limb bending, and explains open-center, central-leader, and espalier training. Outlines specific guidelines for training and pruning apple, pear, sweet cherry, sour cherry, peach, prune, plum, apricot, fig, persimmon, walnut, hazelnut, and chestnut trees. Includes 17 figures that illustrate various techniques.
Provides general rules for training, pruning, and limb bending, and explains open-center, central-leader, espalier, and palmette training. Outlines specific guidelines for training and pruning pear, sweet cherry, sour cherry, peach, prune, plum, walnut, filbert, apricot, and apple trees. Includes 16 figures that illustrate various techniques.
Success in mechanical harvesting of sweet cherries often depends as much on the way trees have been trained and pruned as on the harvest machinery used, crop load, or degree of fruit maturity.
When you follow one of the several successful ways to train peach trees, you’ll produce structurally strong trees that can carry heavy crops without breakage. Following one of these training methods is essential.
Revised July 1980. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
Published February 1994. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
Reprinted July 1984. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
Published July 2009. Reviewed December 2013. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
Describes chipmunks and their habits. Explains what type of habitat they need and how you can provide habitat in your yard. Includes sources of additional information and “fun facts.”
Published June 1996. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
Published September 1964. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
Published January 1955. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
Published 1986. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
Published January 1984. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
Published May 1980. Reprinted May 1993. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
Tools woodland owners need to measure property acreage, boundaries, and characteristics of standing timber, including individual log volumes, are described.
Woodland owners routinely want to measure property acreage,
boundaries, ground slope, various characteristics of standing
timber, and individual log volumes. Different tools are
required for each of these tasks.
Published October 1983. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
Published August 1974. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog