The forest industry is constantly changing, and technology is constantly shifting the bar for efficiency and profitability. To maintain competitiveness and control costs in a global market, an efficient log tracking method must be used by regional stakeholders in the log supply chain from stump to mill to end consumer....
Decision-making competence (DMC) reflects individual differences in rational responding across several classic behavioral decision-making tasks. Although it has been associated with real-world risk behavior, less is known about the degree to which DMC contributes to specific components of risk attitudes. Utilizing a psychological risk-return framework, we examined the associations between...
The last deglaciation of the Scandinavian Ice Sheet (SIS) from ∼21,000 to 13,000 yr ago is well-constrained by several hundred ¹⁰Be and ¹⁴C ages. The subsequent retreat history, however, is established primarily from minimum-limiting ¹⁴C ages and incomplete Baltic-Sea varve records, leaving a substantial fraction of final SIS retreat history...
The Lewis and Clark journals contain some of the earliest and most detailed written descriptions of a large part of the United States before
Euro-American settlement.We used the journal entries to assess the influence of humans on wildlife distribution and abundance. Areas with
denser human population, such as the Columbia...
Clark volcano of the Kermadec arc, northeast of New Zealand, is a large stratovolcano comprised of two coalescing volcanic cones; an apparently younger, more coherent, twin-peaked edifice to the northwest and a relatively older, more degraded and tectonized cone to the southeast. High-resolution water column surveys show an active hydrothermal...
We inventoried lichens in Lake Clark (LACL) and Katmai (KATM) National Parks and Preserves. We assembled the known information on lichens in these parks by combining field, herbarium, and literature studies. Our results provide baseline data on lichen occurrence that may be used in resource condition assessments, vulnerability assessments, long-term...
Now in its 10th year, the Gramene database (http://www.gramene.org) has grown from its primary focus on rice, the first fully-sequenced grass genome, to become a resource for major model and crop plants including Arabidopsis, Brachypodium, maize, sorghum, poplar and grape in addition to several species of rice. Gramene began with...
Decision-making competence reflects individual differences in the susceptibility to committing decision-making errors, measured using tasks common from behavioral decision research (e.g., framing effects, under/overconfidence, following decision rules). Prior research demonstrates that those with higher decision-making competence report lower incidence of health-risking and antisocial behaviors, but there has been less focus...
During ODP Leg 138, we tested a prototype instrument, developed
at Oregon State University, for measuring light reflectance in 511
channels of the visible and near-infrared bands. The technique of
reflectance spectroscopy has been used for some time in chemistry
and mineralogy (e.g., Hunt, 1977; Gaffey, 1986) and has found...
Ocean Drilling Program (ODP) Leg 202 has opened a new window
into understanding late Paleogene and Neogene global environmental
change by providing high-quality sediment sequences from a previously
unsampled region, the eastern South Pacific. Eleven sites (1232–
1242) that record variations on timescales ranging from decades to tens
of millions...
Sediments from five Leg 167 drill sites and three piston cores were analyzed for C[subscript ORG] and CaCO₃. Oxygen isotope stratigraphy on benthic foraminifers was used to assign age models to these sedimentary records. We find that the northern and central California margin is characterized by k.y.-scale events that can...
We summarize 121 ¹⁴C and in-situ cosmogenic (¹⁰Be and ³⁶Cl) ages that constrain fluctuations of the Irish Ice Sheet (IIS) since the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) that can be linked to abrupt climate changes in the North Atlantic region. These data provide a robust means to date ice-sheet fluctuations because...
The distributed-microstructure model for the flow of single phase
fluid in a partially fissured composite medium due to Douglas-Peszyńska-Showalter [12] is extended to a quasi-linear version. This model contains the
geometry of the local cells distributed throughout the medium, the flux exchange
across their intricate interface with the imbedded fissure...
The double slit experiment provides a classic example of both interference and the effect of observation in quantum physics. When particles are sent individually through a pair of slits, a wave-like interference pattern develops, but no such interference is found when one observes which “path” the particles take. We present...
Aqueous, two-phase systems (ATPSs) may form upon mixing two solutions of independently water-soluble compounds. Many separation, purification, and extraction processes rely on ATPSs. Predicting the miscibility of solutions can accelerate and reduce the cost of the discovery of new ATPSs for these applications. Whereas previous machine learning approaches to ATPS...
Small-scale urban natural parks have the potential to contribute to the health and well-being of urban communities. Although recreation researchers have seldom focused on such areas, recreation research theory can be successfully applied to urban natural parks, especially if augmented by the application of social capital and social networks theory....
Gramene (http://www.gramene.org) is a curated
online resource for comparative functional
genomics in crops and model plant species, currently
hosting 27 fully and 10 partially sequenced
reference genomes in its build number 38. Its
strength derives from the application of a phylogenetic
framework for genome comparison and the
use of ontologies...
We present a new hypothesis to explain the millennial-scale temperature variability recorded in ice cores known as Dansgaard-Oeschger (DO) cycles. We propose that an ice shelf acted in concert with sea ice to set the slow and fast timescales of the DO cycle, respectively. The abrupt warming at the onset...
Impact of reproductive processes upon female health has yielded conflicting results; particularly in relation to the role of
reproduction-associated stress. We used the viviparous tsetse fly to determine if lactation, birth and involution lead to
damage from oxidative stress (OS) that impairs subsequent reproductive cycles. Tsetse females carry an intrauterine...
The last deglaciation was interrupted by three major cooling events, the Younger Dryas, the Preboreal Oscillation and the 8.2-ka cold event. As the Laurentide Ice Sheet retreated, different outlets from Lake Agassiz became available causing the proglacial lake to drain to a new level in a rather short timescale (flood)...
INTRODUCTION: Academic libraries have experimented with a variety of services to encourage article deposit to institutional repositories, with varying degrees of success. Universities now face the challenge of meeting federal agency public access requirements. Following the White House Office of Science Technology and Policy public access directive in 2013, Oregon...
We simulate three-dimensional ice temperature fields to examine spatial-temporal history of the subglacial thermal environment during the last glacial cycle. Model results suggest that 60–80% of the Laurentide Ice Sheet was cold-based (frozen to the bed) at the LGM, and therefore unable to undergo large-scale basal flow. The fraction of...
We review and synthesize the geologic record that
constrains the sources of sea level rise and freshwater discharge
to the global oceans associated with retreat of ice
sheets during the last deglaciation. The Last Glacial Maximum
(~26–19 ka) was terminated by a rapid 5–10 m sea
level rise at 19.0–19.5...
Sea-level rise during the last deglaciation and through the Holocene was influenced by deformational, gravitational, and rotational effects (henceforth glacial isostatic adjustment, GIA) that led to regional departures from eustasy. Deglacial sea-level rise was particularly variable spatially in areas adjacent to the Cordilleran and Laurentide Ice Sheets. Such regional variability...
We estimated annual survival rates (S) of 23 radio-marked Northern Spotted Owls (Strix occidentalis caurina) at the Quartz and Timbered Rock burns and adjacent areas in southwest Oregon. We used known-fate models in program MARK to test for differences in survival among three groups (owls dwelling inside of burned areas,...
Glacial sedimentary sequences in the north central United States record multiple advances of the
Laurentide Ice Sheet (LIS) since ~2 Ma. Although the tills found in these sequences were deposited by
southward flowing glacial lobes, little information is available on the geometry of flow lines in the interior
of the...
The northern spotted owl (Strix occidentalis caurina) is one of the most intensively studied raptors in the world; however, little is known about the impacts of wildfire on the subspecies and how they use recently burned areas. Three large-scale wildfires in southwest Oregon provided an opportunity to investigate the short-term...
Measurements of helium isotopes in particles separated from polar ice demonstrate that extraterrestrial ³He dominates the ³He flux at the GISP2 (Greenland) and Vostok (Antarctica) ice core sites. Replicate measurements of late Holocene ice samples yield ³He fluxes of 0.62±0.27×10⁻¹² cm³ STP cm⁻² ka⁻¹ (GISP2) and 0.77 ± 0.25 ×...
This work advances a unified approach to process-based hydrologic modeling to enable controlled and systematic evaluation of multiple model representations (hypotheses) of hydrologic processes and scaling behavior. Our approach, which we term the Structure for Unifying Multiple Modeling Alternatives (SUMMA), formulates a general set of conservation equations, providing the flexibility...
One key responsibility of leaders involves crafting and communicating two types of messages—visions and values—that help followers understand the ultimate purpose of their work. Although scholars have long considered how leaders communicate visions and values to establish a sense of purpose, they have overlooked how these messages can be used...
Off-highway vehicle (OHV) recreation impacts species and ecosystems around the world, and is particularly prevalent in the United States. Our study examines the impact of OHVs on one of several species restricted within the United States to the Algodones Dunes, California. This dune system attracts many OHV enthusiasts annually, and...
The atmospheric flux of methane from the oceans is largely mitigated through microbially
mediated sulphate-coupled methane oxidation, resulting in the precipitation of authigenic
carbonates. Deep-sea carbonates are common around active and palaeo-methane seepage,
and have primarily been viewed as passive recorders of methane oxidation; their role as active
and unique...
We investigate the stability of marine ice sheets by coupling a gravitationally self-consistent sea level model valid for a self-gravitating, viscoelastically deforming Earth to a 1-D marine ice sheet-shelf model. The evolution of the coupled model is explored for a suite of simulations in which we vary the bed slope...
Mountain environments are currently among the ecosystems least invaded by non-native species; however, mountains are increasingly under threat of non-native plant invasion. The slow pace of exotic plant invasions in mountain ecosystems is likely due to a combination of low anthropogenic disturbances, low propagule supply, and extreme/steep environmental gradients. The...
Explaining restoration failure can be as important as touting success. We used a series of studies to understand the failure of techniques commonly used to restore wetland prairies in the Willamette Valley of western Oregon. Burning, fallowing, and solarization (covering tilled plots with plastic sheeting to heat the soil) had...
Ion pairs and solubility related to ion-pairing in water influence many processes in nature and in synthesis including efficient drug delivery, contaminant transport in the environment, and self-assembly of materials in water. Ion pairs are difficult to observe spectroscopically because they generally do not persist unless extreme solution conditions are...
Question: Most results of restoration efforts are species-specific and/or site-specific and therefore are not general enough to be easily applied to other species and other sites. Our research addresses the issue of species-specific results by investigating the feasibility of using plant traits instead of taxonomic species to characterize species responses...
We present a novel and simple experimental method
called Physical Human Interactive Guidance to study human-planned
grasping. Instead of studying how the human uses his/her
own biological hand or how a human teleoperates a robot hand
in a grasping task, the method involves a human interacting
physically with a robot...
A unique approach for obtaining bright and efficient saturated green phosphors for alternating-current thin-film electroluminescent (ACTFEL) device applications is presented. The approach involves color-shifting blue SrS:Cu,F ACTFEL phosphors into the green region of the spectrum via the incorporation of alkali metal ions into the SrS lattice. Alkali metals are incorporated...
The collapse of the Laurentide Ice Sheet over Hudson Bay ∼8.47 ka allowed the rapid drainage of glacial Lake Agassiz into the Labrador Sea, an event identified as causing a reduction in Atlantic meridional overturning circulation (AMOC) and the 8.2 ka cold event. Atmosphere‐ocean models simulations based on this forcing,...
Objective
Our objective was to use episodic memory and executive function tests to determine whether or not Chiari Malformation Type I (CM) patients experience cognitive dysfunction.
Background
CM is a neurological syndrome in which the cerebellum descends into the cervical spine causing neural compression, severe headaches, neck pain, and number...
Ocean island basalts (OIB) with extremely radiogenic Pb-isotopic signatures are melts of a mantle component called HIMU (high µ, high ²³⁸U/²⁰⁴Pb). Until now, deeply dredged submarine HIMU glasses have not been available, which has inhibited complete geochemical (in particular, volatile element) characterization of the HIMU mantle. We report major, trace...
Assessing the ecological importance of clouds has substantial implications for our basic understanding of ecosystems
and for predicting how they will respond to a changing climate. This study was conducted in a coastal Bishop pine
forest ecosystem that experiences regular cycles of stratus cloud cover and inundation in summer. Our...
We demonstrate color shifting from the yellow to the red in the electroluminescence from (ZnGa)S:Mn films. We observe threshold voltages down to about 35 V, extremely low for such devices. We discuss the materials characteristics of the phosphor films, and the potential for improvement of the luminous intensity of the...
The Microwave Limb Sounder (MLS), an instrument on the Upper Atmosphere Research Satellite (UARS), measures water vapor in the upper troposphere, with best sensitivity at the standard UARS level at 215 hPa. In this paper, we analyze the MLS observations with a view to characterizing the temporal and zonal variations...
Trees sampled from a loblolly pine mid-rotation fertilization trial were used in
this study. The study was laid out in a randomized complete block design with
four levels of nitrogen fertilizer as treatments: control (000N), 112 (112N), 224
(224N), and 336 (336N) kg/ha of nitrogen, with each treatment replicated in...
An experiment was conducted to evaluate the influence of forest fuels reduction on diet quality, botanical composition, relative preference, and foraging efficiency of beef cattle grazing at different stocking rates. A split plot factorial design was used, with whole plots (3 ha) being fuel reduced or no treatment (control), and...
We examine the relation between δ¹⁸O in rainwater collected in southwestern Oregon
and climate variables including temperature, parcel trajectory, precipitation amount, and
specific humidity. Local surface air temperature at the time of sample collection explains a
large proportion of δ¹⁸O variability, suggesting that paleoclimatic archives that are related
to rainfall...
A physically based hydrology model is used to produce time series for the period 1916–2003 of evapotranspiration (ET), runoff, and soil moisture (SM) over the western United States from which long-term trends are evaluated. The results show that trends in ET in spring and summer are determined primarily by trends...
Retreat of the Laurentide Ice Sheet (LIS) following the Last Glacial Maximum 21 000 yr BP affected regional to global climate and accounted for the largest proportion of sea level rise. Although the late Pleistocene LIS retreat chronology is relatively well constrained, its Holocene chronology remains poorly dated, limiting our...
Many cultivars of table grapes (Vitis sp.) are grown in Oregon's Willamette Valley, but with the availability of several new cultivars, it is important to compare their performance to well-established standards in this region. Commonly grown cultivars ("established": Canadice, Interlaken, Jupiter, Lakemont, Neptune, Reliance, and Remaily Seedless) along with new...
Recent analysis of 38 globally distributed paleoclimatic records covering Marine Isotope Stage 3 (MIS 3) 60–26 ka demonstrated that the two leading empirical orthogonal functions (EOFs) explaining the data are the Greenland ice-core signal (“northern” signal) and the Antarctic ice-core signal (“southern” signal). Here singular spectral analysis (SSA) is used...
Primocane management systems were compared for ‘Prime-Jan’® and ‘Prime-Jim’®, primocane-fruiting blackberry (Rubus L. subgenus Rubus, Watson), grown in a field planting in Aurora, OR. Treatments studied were: 1) no manipulation of primocanes (untipped; no floricanes); 2) untipped primocanes growing in the presence of floricanes; 3) untipped primocanes grown with rowcover...
In western North America, snow provides crucial storage of winter precipitation, effectively transferring water from the relatively wet winter season to the typically dry summers. Manual and telemetered measurements of spring snow-pack, corroborated by a physically based hydrologic model, are examined here for climate-driven fluctuations and trends during the period...
Questions: Are traits related to the performance of plant species in restoration? Are the relationships between traits and performance consistent across the functional groups of annual forbs, perennial forbs, and grasses? Do the relationships between traits and performance depend on neighboring functional groups? Location: A former agricultural field, being restored...
Greater sage-grouse Centrocercus urophasianus populations across North America have been declining due to degradation and fragmentation of sagebrush habitat. As part of a study quantifying greater sage-grouse demographics prior to construction of a wind energy facility, we estimated apparent net nest productivity and survival rate of chicks associated with radio-equipped...
Gramene (http://www.gramene.org) is a comparative genome mapping database for grasses and a community resource for rice. Rice, in addition to being an economically important crop, is also a model monocot for understanding other agronomically important grass genomes. Gramene replaces the existing AceDB database ‘RiceGenes’ with a relational database based on...
Self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) have been used to improve both the positive and negative bias-stress stability of amorphous indium gallium zinc oxide (IGZO) bottom gate thin film transistors (TFTs). N-hexylphosphonic acid (HPA) and fluorinated hexylphosphonic acid (FPA) SAMs adsorbed on IGZO back channel surfaces were shown to significantly reduce bias-stress turn-on...
• Premise of the study: The dramatic advances offered by modern DNA sequencers continue to redefine the limits of what can be accomplished in comparative plant biology. Even with recent achievements, however, plant genomes present obstacles that can make it difficult to execute large-scale population and phylogenetic studies on next-generation...
Previous research has found that distracted driving measurably increases driver response
times to unanticipated roadway hazards. These instances are of particular consequence as they
tend to be highly correlated with vehicle crashes resulting in property damage and/or injury.
However, comparatively little attention has been allocated to quantifying the negative impacts...
Selfish DNA poses a significant challenge to genome stability and organismal fitness in diverse eukaryotic lineages. Although selfish mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) has known associations with cytoplasmic male sterility in numerous gynodioecious plant species and is manifested as petite mutants in experimental yeast lab populations, examples of selfish mtDNA in animals...
A substantial portion of the developed world's population is increasingly dependent on machines to make their way in the everyday world. For certain privileged groups, computers, cell phones, PDAs, Blackberries, and IPODs, all permitting the faster processing of information, are commonplace. In these populations, even exercise can be automated as...
The Younger Dryas cold interval represents a time when much of the Northern Hemisphere cooled from ≈12.9 to 11.5 kiloyears B.P. The cause of this event, which has long been viewed as the canonical example of abrupt climate change, was initially attributed to the routing of freshwater to the St....
Introduction
We have previously reported results of precipitation studies for neonatal parenteral nutrition solutions containing calcium chloride and sodium phosphate using visual methods to determine compatibility. The purpose of this study was to do further testing of compatibility for solutions containing calcium chloride using more sensitive methods.
Methods
Solutions of...
Background:
Previous studies of compatibility of calcium chloride (CaCl₂) and phosphates have not included particle counts in the range specified by the United States Pharmacopeia. Micro-flow imaging techniques have been shown to be comparable to light obscuration when determining particle count and size in pharmaceutical solutions.
Objective:
The purpose of...
The ongoing retreat of glaciers globally is one of the clearest manifestations of recent global warming associated with rising greenhouse gas concentrations. By comparison, the importance of greenhouse gases in driving glacier retreat during the most recent deglaciation, the last major interval of global warming, is unclear due to uncertainties...
Accurately estimating evapotranspiration (ET) at large spatial scales is essential to our understanding of land-atmosphere coupling and the surface balance of water and energy. Comparisons between remote sensing-based ET models are difficult due to diversity in model formulation, parametrization and data requirements. The constituent components of ET have been shown...
The development and widespread implementation of best practices in transportation engineering classrooms is important in attracting and retaining the next generation of transportation engineers. Engineering education professionals have uncovered many best practices in the field; however, the process of effectively disseminating and ultimately achieving the widespread adoption of these best...
This study details the use of printing and other additive processes to fabricate a novel amperometric glucose sensor. The sensor was
fabricated using a Au coated 12.7 μm thick polyimide substrate as a starting material, where micro-contact printing, electrochemical
plating, chloridization, electrohydrodynamic jet (e-jet) printing, and spin coating were used...
We show the signature of the tropical intraseasonal oscillation (TIO) in upper tropospheric moisture and dynamical fields, roughly between 200 and 100 hPa. Relationships among these fields are examined using lag-correlation analysis and using multivariate extended empirical orthogonal functions (MEEOFs), which maximize the shared explained variance among several fields for...
Knowledge of nutrient pathways and their resulting ecological interactions can alleviate numerous environmental problems associated with nutrient increases in both natural and managed systems. Although not unique, coastal systems are particularly prone to complex ecological interactions resulting from nutrient inputs from both the land and sea. Nutrient inputs to coastal...
Rice, maize, sorghum, wheat, barley and the other
major crop grasses from the family Poaceae
(Gramineae) are mankind’s most important source
of calories and contribute tens of billions of dollars
annually to the world economy (FAO 1999, http://www.fao.org; USDA 1997, http://www.usda.gov).
Continued improvement of Poaceae crops is necessary
in order...
Gramene (www.gramene.org) is a curated resource
for genetic, genomic and comparative genomics
data for the major crop species, including rice,
maize, wheat and many other plant (mainly grass)
species. Gramene is an open-source project.
All data and software are freely downloadable
through the ftp site (ftp.gramene.org/pub/gramene)
and available for use...
The metabolic theory of ecology (MTE) predicts the effects of body size and temperature on metabolism through considerations of vascular distribution networks and biochemical kinetics. MTE has also been extended to characterise processes from cellular to global levels. MTE has generated both enthusiasm and controversy across a broad range of...
Carbon 1s photoelectron spectra for 2-butyne (CH3C CCH3) measured in the photon energy range from threshold to 150 eV above threshold show oscillations in the intensity ratio C2,3/C1,4. Similar oscillations have been seen in chloroethanes, where the effect has been attributed to EXAFS-type scattering from the substituent chlorine atoms. In...
Providing food, timber, energy, housing, and other goods and services, while maintaining ecosystem functions and biodiversity that underpin their sustainable supply, is one of the great challenges of our time. Understanding the drivers of land-use change and how policies can alter land-use change will be critical to meeting this challenge....
A long-standing approach to deal with complex product development is to divide the system into smaller parts
and assign responsibility for developing those parts to particular teams. Conventional wisdom suggests that by
doing so, we reduce the communication overhead in the development project by making the separate
development teams as...
Genomic instability drives tumorigenesis, but how it is initiated in sporadic neoplasias is unknown. In early preneoplasias, alterations at chromosome fragile sites arise due to DNA replication stress. A frequent, perhaps earliest, genetic alteration in preneoplasias is deletion within the fragile FRA3B/FHIT locus, leading to loss of Fhit protein expression....
The use of clonal varieties in forestry offers great potential to improve growth traits (quantity) and wood properties (quality) of loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.). Loblolly pine trees established via somatic embryogenesis (clones), full-sib zygotic crosses, and half-sib zygotic open-pollinated families were sampled to identify variation in growth and wood...
PREMISE OF THE STUDY: We report the de novo assembly and characterization of the transcriptomes of Brachypodium sylvaticum
(slender false-brome) accessions from native populations of Spain and Greece, and an invasive population west of Corvallis,
Oregon, USA.
METHODS AND RESULTS: More than 350 million sequence reads from the mRNA libraries...
A field trial was conducted on a Cherryhill silt loam soil at The Dalles, OR, from 2006 to 2008. The impacts of switching from the traditional micro sprinkler irrigation (MS) to double-lateral drip irrigation (DD) and from no groundcover with herbicide control of weeds (NC) to in-row wheat (Triticum aestivum)...
We model the response o f the climate system during Heinrich event 2 (H2) by employing an atmospheric general circulation model, using boundary conditions based on the concept of a "canonical" Heinrich event. The canonical event is initialized with a full-height Laurentide ice sheet (LIS) and CLIMAP sea surface temperatures...
A study was conducted to identify geographical variation in loblolly pine bark and wood properties at the whole-tree level and to quantify the responses in whole-tree
bark and wood properties following contrasting silvicultural practices that included planting density, weed control, and fertilization. Trees were destructively sampled from
both conventionally managed...
This work advances a unified approach to process-based hydrologic modeling, which we term the ‘‘Structure for Unifying Multiple Modeling Alternatives (SUMMA).’’ The modeling framework, introduced in the companion paper, uses a general set of conservation equations with flexibility in the choice of process parameterizations (closure relationships) and spatial architecture. This...
The following corrections appear in the attached pdf labelled "Correction to Version of Record". The authors inadvertently omitted Woonghee Lee from the list of authors. The corrected author list and affiliations are noted. Revised acknowledgment paragraphs including Woonghee Lee’s funding source and contribution also appear in the correction.
In addition,...
The global terrestrial carbon sink offsets one-third of the world’s fossil fuel emissions, but the strength of this sink is highly sensitive to large-scale extreme events. In 2012, the contiguous United States experienced exceptionally warm temperatures and the most severe drought since the Dust Bowl era of the 1930s, resulting...
Intrinsic and extrinsic factors affect vital rates and population-level processes, and understanding these factors is paramount to devising successful management plans for wildlife species. For example, birds time migration in response, in part, to local and broadscale climate fluctuations to initiate breeding upon arrival to nesting territories, and prolonged inclement...
Gramene (http://www.gramene.org/) is a comparative genome database for cereal crops
and a community resource for rice. We are populating and curating Gramene with
annotated rice (Oryza sativa) genomic sequence data and associated biological information
including molecular markers, mutants, phenotypes, polymorphisms and Quantitative Trait
Loci (QTL). In order to support queries...
Converting CO2 to valuable materials is attractive.Herein, we report using simple metallothermic reactions to reduce atmospheric CO2 to dense nanoporous graphene. By using a Zn/Mg mixture as a reductant, the resulted nanoporous graphene exhibits highly desirable properties: high specific surface area of 1900 m2/g, a great conductivity of 1050 S/m...
Prescribed fire can release herbaceous forages from woody plant competition thus promoting increased forage plant production, vigor, and accessibility. Prescribe fire also consumes standing litter thereby improving forage quality and palatability. Consequently, prescribed fire is commonly considered an effective tool for manipulating livestock distribution on rangelands. Efficacy of this tool...
Prescribed fire is commonly applied world-wide as a tool for enhancing habitats and altering resource-selection patterns of grazing animals. A scientific basis for this practice has been established in some ecosystems but its efficacy has not been rigorously evaluated on mesic sagebrush steppe. Beginning in 2003, resource-selection patterns of beef...
Infection caused by Mycobacterium avium is common in AIDS patients who do not receive treatment with highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) or who develop resistance to anti-HIV therapy. Mefloquine, a racemic mixture used for malaria prophylaxis and treatment, is bactericidal against M. avium in mice. MICs of (+)-erythro-, (−)-erythro-, (+)-threo-,...
Assessing impacts of future anthropogenic carbon emissions is currently impeded by uncertainties in our knowledge of equilibrium climate sensitivity to atmospheric carbon dioxide doubling. Previous studies suggest 3 K as best estimate, 2–4.5 K as the 66% probability range, and non-zero probabilities for much higher values, the latter implying a...
An existing database of relative sea-level (RSL) reconstructions from the U.S. Atlantic coast lacked valid sea-level index points from Georgia and Florida. This region lies on the edge of the collapsing forebulge of the former Laurentide Ice Sheet making it an important location for understanding glacio-isostatic adjustment and the history...
The Genome-Wide Association Studies approach was used to detect Quantitative Trait Loci associated with tocochromanol concentrations using a panel of 1,466 barley accessions. All major tocochromanol types- α-, β-, δ-, γ-tocopherol and tocotrienol- were assayed. We found 13 single nucleotide polymorphisms associated with the concentration of one or more of...
The Leguminosae has emerged as a model for studying angiosperm plastome evolution because of its striking diversity of structural rearrangements and sequence variation. However, most of what is known about legume plastomes comes from few genera representing a subset of lineages in subfamily Papilionoideae. We investigate plastome evolution in subfamily...
Nitric oxide (NO) is an essential agent of the innate immune system which exhibits multi-mechanistic antimicrobial activity. Previously, increased antimicrobial activity against E. coli with nitric oxide releasing nanoparticles (NO-np) was demonstrated when combined with glutathione, versus NO-np alone, due to formation of S-nitrosoglutathione (GSNO), a potent transnitrosylating agent. To...
Agricultural land management, such as fertilization, liming, and tillage affects soil properties, including pH, organic matter content, nitrification rates, and the microbial community. Three different study sites were used to identify microorganisms that correlate with agricultural land use and to determine which factors regulate the relative abundance of the microbial...
Climate change is impacting a wide range of global systems, with polar ecosystems experiencing the most rapid change. While climate impacts affect lower trophic level and short-lived species most directly, it is less clear how long-lived and mobile species will respond to rapid polar warming, as they may have the...