The Southern Ocean plays an important role in the ocean’s uptake of heat and carbon yet the processes controlling this uptake are not well understood. To date, more than 100 biogeochemical profiling floats that measure water column pH, oxygen, nitrate, fluorescence, and backscattering at 10-day intervals have been deployed throughout...
The central purposes of this study were to review the
historical sources of David Kolb's formulation of experiential
learning theory, and to determine the effect and
application of Kolb's theory and Learning Style Inventory
as reflected in the literature between 1971 and 1990.
It was found that Kolb based his...
There is a strong evidence that human papillomavirus (HPV) is the key causative agent of cervical cancer. However, the majority of women who are exposed to the oncogenic HPV do not develop invasive cervical cancer, suggesting that other factors could play a role in the cause and progression of cervical...
Influenza A and Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) are both enveloped, negative strand
RNA viruses which infect the respiratory mucosa of animals and humans. Despite
decades of research and development of antivirals and vaccines, both of these viruses
continue to be a major health concern throughout the world. The focus of...
European hazelnut, Corylus avellana L., is the only economically important nut crop
in the family Betulaceae. One of the threats to the hazelnut industry in the Pacific
Northwest is the fungal disease eastern filbert blight (EFB) caused by the
pyrenomycete Anisogramma anomala. Host genetic resistance to EFB identified in the...
Billions of pounds of bisphenol A (BPA) are produced annually around the globe for the manufacture of numerous consumer products, including polycarbonate food and water containers, the protective resin linings of food cans, thermal printing paper, and dental fillings. BPA exposure during nervous system development has been associated with learning...
Research on the population genetics of microbial organisms requires the use of specialized analyses designed for clonal organisms to avoid violating the assumptions of traditional population genetic models. The tools necessary for performing these analyses existed as a set of unrelated software with non-overlapping capabilities and did not cover all...
For the past half century, CMOS process scaling has followed Moore's law, approximately doubling transistor density every 18 months. While locally routed wires have generally scaled with transistor size, longer wires have scaled at a slower rate and in some cases have grown larger as chip size and complexity have...
High Temperature Gas Reactors (HTGRs) are positioned to disrupt local and global markets via their unique ability to produce carbon-free process heat, high efficiency power generation, and passively safe operational features. However, significant impediments still exist to delay deployment of this particular technology, including a lack of experimental data, verified...
The variability of coastal carbonate chemistry continues to provide significant hurdles for understanding interactions between anthropogenic and natural CO2 cycling and resultant effects on coastal acidification dynamics. Attribution of the anthropogenic component is vital for identifying the impacts of increasing atmospheric carbon on coastal habitats such as coral reefs, upwelling...
This dissertation is situated as the third work in a series on academic women. In 1964,
Jessie Bernard published Academic Women, which provided a comprehensive
assessment of the status of women in academia. Two decades later, in 1987, Angela
Simeone offered insight into attempts to achieve equity for women in...
This dissertation combines volcanological research of three convergent continental margins. Chapters
1 and 5 are general introductions and conclusions, respectively. Chapter 2 examines the spatiotemporal
development of the Altiplano-Puna volcanic complex in the Lípez region of southwest Bolivia, a locus of a
major Neogene ignimbrite flare- up, yet the least...
The complexity of designing and testing today's system on chip (SOC) is increasing due to greater integrated circuit (IC) density and higher IO and memory frequencies. SOCs for the mobile phone and tablet market have the unique challenge of short product development windows, at times less than six months, and...
Community colleges in the United States have become an important educational destination for international students. According to the Institute of International Education (IIE, 2006), international students who enrolled for the first time at a U.S. campus increased by 8 per cent, from 131,946 students in 2004/2005 to 142,923 in 2005/2006....
Millimeter-wave (mm-wave) technology promises high speed, high system capacity and low latency interconnects with reduced cost. Applications like high data-rate wireless links, next generation automotive sensors and security body scanners highly depend on mm-wave technology innovations. As operating frequency moves to higher mm-wave bands, shrinking antenna dimensions enable co-integration of...
The purpose of this phenomenological study is to describe how Oregon governors
Barbara Roberts and John Kitzhaber, whose tenures both coincided with the passage
and implementation of property tax limitation measures, determined the community
college budgets within their recommended state budgets. The stories of Robert’s 1993
and Kitzhaber’s 2001 decisions...
Glutathione (GSH) is the predominant low molecular weight thiol antioxidant
in liver tissue. GSH plays an important role in maintaining the intracellular thiol redox
ratio as well as detoxification of electrophiles and xenobiotics. Aging leads to a significant decline (35%; P ≤ 0.05) in hepatocellular GSH levels. Using young (2-4...
'Marion' and 'Thornless Evergreen' blackberry volatiles were analyzed by capillary gas chromatography-flame ionization detection (GC-FED) and GC-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Based on total percentage of FID area 'Thornless Evergreen' contains significantly more alcohols, hydrocarbons, and phenols than the 'Marion'; 'Marion' contains more acids and esters. Both cultivars contained comparable amounts of...
With the advent of LSI, iterative forms of realization
of digital systems are becoming increasingly popular with
system designers. Many problems occurring in digital computer
design render themselves suitable for iterative
realization. These include adders, arithmetic logic units,
coding and decoding circuits and so on. Fault-free functioning
of such systems...
The domestic cat is one of the world’s most popular companion animals. However, to date much remains to be learned about cat behavior and the cat-human relationship. To examine the influence of proximate factors on cat behavior and the human-cat bond, three studies were undertaken. Study 1 directly measured the...
Although it is widely accepted that dogs and humans form attachment relationships, characterizing attachment styles in dogs has only recently received attention in the literature. Previous research has shown that pet dogs display patterns of behavior in an attachment test that can be classified into secure and insecure attachment styles,...
The domestic dog is one of the most popular pets in the world, and many pet owners consider their pets to be members of their family. Studies have suggested that dogs behave like pseudo-children in many contexts. Despite this, there is very little research on how dog owners may behave...
The purpose of this dissertation was to contribute to deeper understanding of how client’s experience their spirituality and religion during the therapy process. The first manuscript is located in chapter 2 and titled A Qualitative Metasynthesis of Client Experience of Addressing Spirituality and Religion in Counseling. This metasynthesis pools together...
Forest growth models in the Pacific Northwest are predominantly empirical. Predictions of yield under alternative silvicultural regimes cannot rely completely on field trials; yet empirical growth models are often inadequate for extrapolating untested regimes and genotypes. The limitations of current models include (1) long time-steps (e.g. 5-10 years); (2) insufficient...
A programming paradigm can be defined as a model or an approach employed in solving a problem. The results of the research described in this document demonstrate that it is possible to unite several different programming paradigms into a single linguistic framework. The imperative, procedural, applicative, lambda-free, relational, logic and...
The 2002 Biscuit Fire burned through more than 200,000 ha of mixed conifer/
evergreen hardwood forests in southwestern Oregon and northwestern
California. The remarkable size of the fire and the diversity of conditions through
which it burned provided an opportunity to analyze the correlates of burn severity
across vegetation types...
Sixty-five male volunteers from a court mandated domestic violence treatment program
were administered a questionnaire to assess for the presence of adult attention deficit
hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) behaviors. The questionnaire included copies of the
Wender Utah Rating Scale (WURS) and the Attention Deficit Scales for Adults (ADSA),
as well as...
Many marine fish populations are severely declining due to over-fishing, loss of both juvenile and adult habitats, and accelerating environmental degradation. Fisheries management and the implementation of marine protected areas (MPAs) and other conservation tools are currently hindered by large gaps in knowledge about larval dispersal and its subsequent effects...
The spatial distribution and geologic histories of submarine volcanoes provide insight into submarine eruptive behavior, deep earth processes and plate tectonics. This dissertation examines the evolution of individual submarine volcanic edifices as well as linear trails of seamounts at three spatial and temporal scales.
In order to understand constructive and...
Dinosaurs represent one of the most successful evolutionary radiations of terrestrial vertebrates, with a myriad of forms that dominated the terrestrial environment for over 180 million years. Despite the fact that dinosaurs are the focus of extensive popular and scholarly investigation, relatively little is actually known of their biology. The...
The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of plyometric training on both spinal and supraspinal motor control as well as the rate of torque development (RTD) in healthy active females. Thirty-one subjects were recruited to participate in the study and participated in either the training or control...
Amorphous metal thin films lack the grain boundaries and dislocations present in
crystalline metal films. As a result, amorphous metal films can be more mechanically robust, atomically smooth, and more resistant to chemical attack than crystalline metals. However, amorphous metals are meta-stable and subject to crystallization upon heating, thus limiting...
The semi-parametric approach to the analysis of proportional hazards survival data
is relatively new, having been initiated in 1972 by Sir David Cox, who restricted its use
to hypothesis tests and confidence intervals for fixed effects in a regression setting.
Practitioners have begun to diversify applications of this model, constructing...
The indiscriminate release of fecal bacteria to the environment
can present a public health hazard when pathogenic species gain access
to drinking and recreational water sources. The extent of bacterial
contamination of surface and ground waters associated with animal
production units and waste application areas seems largely dependent
on the...
Proper immune function is indispensable, as failure to mount an immune response against a pathogen can lead to serious complications or even death. T cells act by enhancing the activation of phagocytic cells as well as the activation of B cells. Their widespread influence on an immune response makes optimal...
Understanding the processes that influence the composition of animal communities is a central goal in ecology. Interactions between established residents and colonizing juveniles that affect the subsequent survival of juveniles may influence community composition. In a series of experiments on coral reef fish communities in the Bahamas and Australia, I...
Two research questions are posed: (1) How have ecosystem conditions changed through time in southwestern Oregon? (2) How have culture-driven and climate-driven processes contributed to ecosystem change in southwestern Oregon? A brief introduction to the Little River study area is followed by a cultural and ecological history of the watershed....
The main theme of this research is the application of geographic techniques in a study involving environmental monitoring and analysis of the associations between landscape and in-stream characteristics in the Pacific Northwest. The geographic techniques used in this study include (1) geographic information systems (GIS) coupled with statistical analysis and...
The use of paraeducators has increased as a main mechanism to include more
students with disabilities in multiple settings in the public schools in the U.S.
Research has examined the use of paraeducators in typical classroom settings but
little is known about their role in physical education. Although the utilization...
Three trials with wethers and four trials with steers were
conducted to determine some of the effects of sodium bicarbonate,
calcium hydroxide and/or transfer of ruminal contents on ruminant
adjustment to abrupt changes to concentrate rations.
Lambs fed a basal concentrate diet plus sodium bicarbonate had
the highest average feed...
Inner-shelf circulation and mechanisms of across-shelf transport of water masses were examined using seven years of observations collected by the Partnership for Interdisciplinary Studies of Coastal Oceans (PISCO) program, a long-term monitoring effort along the central Oregon coast. Since 1998, moored velocity and hydrographic measurements have been obtained during the...
Metal oxide nanoparticles (MONPs) are manufactured at the greatest rate of any class of nanomaterial due to their wide variety of industrial, commercial, and environmental applications. The sustainable use of MONPs requires a balance of careful consideration of their potential negative environmental impacts with the effective exploitation of their unique...
Investigations about the feeding ecology of a consumer
can facilitate prediction of its effects on prey populations
and the biological community. The aspects of feeding
ecology that are important to predicting consumer effects
include foraging movements, feeding preference and
selectivity, and the effects of physical factors on foraging
behavior and...
The objective of this project was to investigate the fate of ponderosa pine regeneration from seed to established seedling, and to determine the relative influences of several important stand elements on those fates. The project was carried out in a series of observational and experimental recruitment studies in central Oregon....
Grounded in life span theory, this study explored how personal goals (as measured by possible selves) related to depressive symptoms in older adults. Possible selves represent individuals' ideas of what they would like to become (hoped-for selves) and what they are afraid of becoming (feared selves). Possible selves are also...
The behavior of coniferous trees subjected to wind loading was investigated through a series of experiments and also through simulation modeling. Previous studies that measured the natural oscillation frequencies and damping ratios were reviewed and equations were developed for predicting the natural frequency of a tree from the ratio of...
Cancer-related fatigue (CRF) disproportionately effects hematologic cancers when compared to solid tumor malignancies. Self-management of CRF has received increasing attention in solid tumor cancers, however, fatigue self-management in hematologic cancers has received significantly less systematic investigation. The purpose of this research was to determine effective strategies for self-managing fatigue across...
Using techniques that permit the direct observation of
fetuses in vivo, prenatal behavioral development was
compared among four species in the rodent family Muridae:
the Norway rat (Rattus norvegicus), Mongolian gerbil
(Meriones unguiculatus), cotton rat (Sigmodon hispidus), and
spiny mouse (Acomys cahirinus). Rattus and Meriones bear
altricial offspring, as do...
Controlling the "complexity" or "understandability"
of computer software is important because of its impact on
program testing and maintenance. Of the large number of
complexity metrics that have been developed to measure the
complexity of a computer program, most assess the
"micro-complexity" of each subprogram and few assess the
"macro-complexity"...
My thesis explored the effects of and potential mediating mechanisms for an important environmental stressor, ultraviolet-B (UVB) radiation. UVB radiation has negative effects on organisms in both terrestrial and aquatic systems. I used meta-analysis to quantify the effects of UVB radiation on a diversity of aquatic organisms (Chapter 2). UVB...
Contemporary environmental change encompasses massive biodiversity loss and
increasing numbers of emerging diseases worldwide. As part of a global biodiversity
crisis, amphibians are disappearing at unprecedented rates. Batrachochytrium
dendrobatidis is an emerging infectious pathogen prominently associated with many
declines. Chapter 1 reviews the past decade of research on this system...
Ultraviolet-B radiation (UVB) is an abiotic stressor in both terrestrial and aquatic systems. The stratospheric ozone layer, depleted due to anthropogenic activities and the cause of elevated UVB at earth's surface over the last four decades, is predicted to recover by 2065. However, UVB levels in aquatic systems may continue...
This dissertation presents some results from various areas of probability theory, the unifying theme being the use of functional analytic intuition and techniques. We first give a result regarding the existence of certain stochastic integral representations for Banach space valued Gaussian random variables. Next we give a spectral geometric construction...
Vibration of nuclear power plant components can cause fretting wear and fatigue that can eventually lead to component failure. Flexible, high-aspect ratio components under flow, such as the wire-wrapped cylindrical fuel elements in a liquid metal-cooled fast reactor (LMFR) core, are particularly susceptible to vibration due to their low natural...
This is a Ph.D. dissertation for a study conducted at OSU/Horticulture. The main objective of this study was dissecting the genetic background for white mold resistance in common (snap) bean. Tow main approaches were followed to achieve the goal. The first approach was using the classical quantitative trait loci (QTL)...
In the most challenging nuclear power plant accidents, transient critical heat flux (CHF) is a primary phenomenon that drives peak cladding temperature and ultimately fuel failure. It is not yet determined whether the use of steady-state CHF methods can accurately predict transient CHF under the conditions of a blowdown due...
Bacteria are abundant in marine environments. They play important roles in nutrient cycling and form symbiotic interactions with eukaryotes. However, the vast majority of bacterial taxa are difficult to maintain in laboratory cultures, meaning that most microbiological research of the past century has focused on a small subset of bacteria....
This thesis concerns the alteration of the course of selective
protein synthesis and morphogenesis in plants treated with growth
regulating chemicals. Treatment of 48-hour-old "Alaska" pea seedlings
(Pisum sativum L.) with 2, 4-D, IAA, NAA or picloram caused
inhibition of epicotyl and primary root elongation and proliferation of
massed lateral...
Oregon educational reform efforts are moving ahead with the support of legislation,
business and industry, and education. There has been little apparent consideration given to
the readiness of tenth graders to make career choices even though the research in the area of
career maturity indicates that students at this period...
For mid-rise and high rise buildings, slender reinforced concrete (RC) structural walls are commonly used as the main structural elements to resist lateral applied loads in high seismically areas around the globe. These RC structural walls can provide substantial deformation capacity, stiffness, and lateral strength through the contribution of their...
In the first experiment, estradiol production was measured in cultured embryos collected on Days 7, 9, 11, 13 and 15 post-mating. Estradiol was detected in Day 7 embryos and production increased approximately 50-fold (P<0.05) in medium recovered from Day 13 compared to Day 11 embryos and was greatest (P<0.05) from...
Volcanic rocks from hotspots and island arcs/backarcs typically have enriched trace
element and isotopic compositions that contain a contribution from subducted oceanic crust.
Isotopic and trace element data suggest that the enriched components in hotspot volcanism
are ancient subducted sediment and crust, and the enriched components in arc/backarc
volcanism are...
This dissertation describes an investigation of DNA precursor supply for mitochondrial and nuclear DNA synthesis in HeLa cells and Mouse L-cells. HeLa cells were used for the quantitation of cellular and mitochondrial deoxyribonucleoside triphosphate (dNTP) and ribonucleoside triphosphate (rNTP) pools and of changes in pools in response to treatment with...
Oxidative stress is the major driving force behind the aging process and many age-related diseases. However, direct experimental evidence of whether antioxidants, such as ascorbate (AA) and lipoic acid (LA) can slow the progression of aging process and/or reduce risks of developing degenerative disease is largely absent. This suggests a...
This dissertation is separated into two parts according to the two major distinct research projects. In Part I, the full account of synthetic studies toward C10-functionalized lycopodium alkaloids is described. In Part II, the detailed discussion on the exploration of the Pummerer cyclization methodology and its application to the total...
Many animals detect prey or enhance their locomotion with information from hair-like receptors that are activated by local fluid flows. The utility of biological hair receptors has motivated the design of artificial hair sensors (AHS) for flow control applications where aerodynamic or hydrodynamic forces play a significant role in the...
In the Willamette Valley of Oregon, a combination of the need for rotational crops and an increased desire for biofuel production created interest in planting Brassica napus (canola). However, questions were raised arisen over the potential damage canola production could have on the preexisting Brassica vegetable seed industry. To address...
Intensive cultivation of Walla Walla silt loams (coarse silty,
mixed, mesic, typic Haploxeroll) in eastern Oregon and Washington
during the past 50 years, has decreased internal soil drainage in
the 15 to 40 cm layer. However, no measurements have been made to
determine the causes and corrective management for this...
Coal continues to be burned by direct combustion in packed or moving bed in
small size domestic furnaces, medium size industrial furnaces, as well as small power
stations. Recent stringent restrictions on exhaust emissions call for a better
understanding of the process of combustion of coal in beds.
The present...
The possible effect of oxidation [processing with or without sulfur dioxide
(±S0₂)] and of pre-ultrafiltration treatment of juices with enzymes and fining
agents on flux, and on juice color, composition and stability was investigated. White
Riesling juice was ultrafiltered with a Romicon system operated with a nominal
molecular weight cut-off...
This dissertation presents the findings of a literature review and information
regarding selection, implementation and development of a chemical composition
procedure for asphalt cements. The chemical composition analysis selected was
the Corbett-Swarbrick procedure standarized as ASTM D4124. The procedure is
a selective adsorption / desorption (solid / liquid) chromatography which...
In order to effectively use foodgrain prices as tools of government policy, it is necessary to know the possible effects of price incentives on different economic variables. The present study
attempts to measure the effects of foodgrain prices, upon various economic variables, including production, consumption, both at the farm and...
The Asphalt Pavement Analyzer (APA) device was used to characterize the impact of various mix factors on the development of permanent deformation in dense-graded mixes given a standard compactive effort. Factors included two aggregate sizes, three VMA levels, two fines contents, three binder contents and four binder types. All specimens...
Two topics concerning statistical sampling of initiative petitions are considered in this dissertation. The first concerns statistical estimation of the number of distinct valid signatures in a petition, and the second evaluates the statistical decision rule used by Oregon for determining certification of state initiative and referendum petitions.
In several...
The impact of tsunamis on coastal structures gained great a new impetus following the 2004 Indian Ocean Tsunami and the 2011 Tohoku earthquake and tsunami. While several experimental programs have been performed to gain a fundamental understanding, numerical models are needed to study additional features that cannot all be tested...
A Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) of the production of poplar biomass grown under four management conditions in the Pacific Northwest (PNW) of the U.S.A. was conducted. While the extraction of fossil fuels and the subsequent generation of energy have environmental impacts, the alternative of extracting poplar biomass also has impacts...
Female mink (Mustela vison) are highly sensitive to polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB)-induced reproductive impairment. The goal of this research was to develop a better understanding of the mechanism of PCB-induced effects on female mink, mink embryos, and surviving mink kits. Anestrous, juvenile female mink and pregnant, adult mink were exposed to...
Riparian zones are ecotones between terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems. Processes in streams are strongly influenced by riparian forest communities, age, stage and structure. Temperate forests across much of North America, including riparian areas, are recovering from historic land clearing with many stands in the stem-exclusion phase of development in which...
Climate change presents multiple stressors that are impacting marine life. As carbon dioxide emissions continue to increase in the atmosphere, atmospheric and sea water temperatures increase. In addition, more carbon dioxide is absorbed into the oceans, reducing pH and aragonite saturation state, resulting in ocean acidification (OA). Tightly coupled with...
Experiments were conducted to determine identification methods
that could be used to differentiate annual and perennial plant types within
the species Poa annua L. Thereafter, Poa annua plants were collected
from numerous turfed areas in three Northern Pacific Coastal
regions and identified as annual or perennial biotypes.
It was found...
In this dissertation, new theory and its applications are developed to predict three properties of complex ecological communities: stability, equilibrium response, and non-equilibrium dynamics. First, a graph-theoretic analysis identifies the interconnections in a complex ecosystem that promote or diminish stability (Chapter 2). The hierarchy of interactions that influences stability and...
The greater sage-grouse (Centrocercus urophasianus; hereafter, sage-grouse) is a ground nesting gallinaceous bird that requires large contiguous patches of sagebrush. Sage-grouse populations have declined, especially in the Great Basin where changes in wildfire regimes and the invasion of annual grasses have contributed to habitat loss and fragmentation. During the last...
The flight behavior of Ips confusus (Lec.) was primarily
studied under field conditions, but augmented with
complementary laboratory studies whenever feasible. The
experiments were mostly conducted in areas of endemic population
levels, but also under epidemic and prairie conditions.
The techniques and devices used in marking, releasing,
attracting, and trapping...
Let H be a cyclically-presented group on n generators with a single defining relator. Attempts have been made to classify such groups by their order, their status as a 3-manifold group, and the asphericity status of their presentations. For groups with a defining relator of length 3 these classifications are...
Small-scale fisheries account for at least 40 percent of global fisheries catch, 90 percent of the people employed along capture fisheries value chains operate in small-scale fisheries, and 45 million women participate in small-scale fisheries globally. The past few years have brought warnings from policymakers and resource managers about risks...
The defining feature of our planet are the oceans, which make up 70% of the Earth’s surface. The importance of the ocean cannot be understated: 50% of oxygen originates from phytoplankton; heat is absorbed and redistributed by ocean currents; and hundreds of millions of people rely on the ocean for...
Physical-biological interactions in the Southern Ocean were investigated using remote sensing data from several different satellite sensors. Satellite sea surface temperature data were used to study the dynamics of the Antarctic Polar Front (PF). Satellite ocean color data were used to estimate surface chlorophyll concentrations and their relation to various...
Annual ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum) a major grass seed crop
in the Willamette Valley, Oregon, is presently burned in the fields
after harvest, causing considerable air pollution and general wastage
of a material which could be used in the manufacture of economically
important products. The cellulosic component of straw is relatively...
The Pacific Oyster (Crassostrea gigas) is one of the most economically and ecologically significant shellfish species worldwide. In the Pacific Northwest United States (PNW), the sustainability oyster stocks is increasingly threatened by ocean acidification (OA), which has had significant negative effects on the aquaculture industry in this region over the...
Despite the dissemination of comprehensive reviews and teacher-friendly resources describing evidence-based practices to improve student outcomes, the adoption of these practices is slow and inconsistent across instructors at colleges and universities. To help reduce this research-practice gap, I argue for the application of implementation science to teaching and learning research...