Atrazine, atratone and ametryne are asymmetric s-triazine
herbicides used pre- and post-emergence on many crops. Under
conditions unfavorable for microbial activity, these compounds
may persist in the soil for long periods of time.
This study was conducted to determine the influence of the
soil microflora upon atrazine, atratone and ametryne...
Studies were conducted to determine the site of DCPA toxicity
on annual ryegrass. This was done by means of a technique which
used pyrex tubing and a vapor barrier to separate exposure of coleoptile
and roots of emerging grass seedlings to various concentrations of DCPA. Coleoptiles that emerged through treated...
Atrazine is an asymmetrical s-triazine herbicide used pre- and
post-emergence for the control of weeds in many crops. Under conditions
considered unfavorable for microbial activity, atrazine may
persist in soils for extended periods of time. However, the significance
of chemical versus microbial degradation is not known.
This study was conducted...
The use of CIPC (isopropyl N-(3-chlorophenyl) carbamate) to
control dodder (Cuscuta spp.) in alfalfa is an established practice. A
rate of six pounds per acre applied to moist soil has given good dodder
control lasting from four to six weeks.
The purpose of this study was to determine the effect...
Studies were conducted to determine the site of 2-chloro
2', 6'-diethyl-N-(methoxymethyl) acetanilide (CP 50144) toxicity on
barnyardgrass (Echinocloa crusgalli (L.) (Beauv.). This was done
by means of a technique which used separate layers of treated soil
to expose differentially the roots and/or the shoots of barnyardgrass
seedlings. Coleoptiles that emerged...
Atrazine is an asymmetrical s-triazine herbicide used pre-
and post emergence for weed control in many crops. Triazine herbicides
have been used in the Pacific-Northwest for weed control in
orchard crops. Under certain conditions where trees were grown
in nutrient deficient areas, it was noted that toxic symptoms due to...
Norbak, Dacagin, and Vistik, when mixed with a spray solution,
each have the unique property of increasing the viscosity of
that solution. This property has been used commercially for the
reduction of spray drift.
Studies were made of the drift control adjuvants to determine
the following: (1) the effect of...
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the activity of Sindone (isomers of 1, 1-dimethyl-diisopropyl-indanyl ethyl ketone) under field conditions and to gain information regarding the rate of detoxification of Sindone in soil. A series of trials were established in sugar beet fields in California, Oregon, and Washington. Sindone...
Previous research has indicated several soil-applied herbicides
are more effective by exposure to emerging shoots than from
root uptake. Studies were conducted in the greenhouse and growth
chamber to investigate effects of herbicide placement in soil on
toxicity to emerging seedlings.
In these studies, an inch of treated soil was...
The acute toxicity of Diquat (1:1-ethylene-2:2' dipyridylium
dibromide) and Dichlobenil (2, 6-dichlorobenzonitrile) to six selected
pond invertebrates was determined using the median tolerance limit
estimation method. Diquat was more toxic to the amphipod, Hyalella
azeteca than to the aquatic insects Callibaetis, Limnephilus,
Enallagma, Libellula, and Tendipedidae. The addition of mud...
This study was conducted to compare the effectiveness of four
methods of incorporating the herbicide trifluralin into the soil, and
to determine the interaction between depth of incorporation of trifluralin
and depth of weed seed germination.
Field experiments on green and dry peas were established in
Oregon and Idaho. Trifluralin,...
There is a critical lack of economic information in the area of chemical weed control. This paper is intended to stimulate study in this area. The objective is to develop a method of economic analysis of alternative herbicide practices. The data used were taken from a Druchamp winter wheat trial...
Several studies were conducted to determine the feasibility of
using terbacil (3-tert-butyl-5-chloro-6-methyluracil) postemergence
to weeds and peppermint (Mentha piperita L.). Three nonionic surfactants,
four nonphytotoxic oils, and a liquid fertilizer were each
combined with 0.5 lb ai/A terbacil in 35 gallons of water per acre.
Weed species tested include: redroot...
The physical and chemical properties of soils greatly affect the
toxicity of bromacil and picloram. Consequently, a knowledge of the
parameters which influence the soil inactivation of these herbicides
is necessary to determine proper application rates for good weed control.
Enhancement in phytotoxicity with the addition of surfactants or
surface...
Oregon is the largest producer of
green beans for processing
in the United States.
Because the repeated use of a single herbicide
may lead to
changes in the weed population, build
up of residues, and other
undesirable factors, a continuous search for
new herbicides is
taking place.
C-6989¹[superscript /] has...
Addition of the methylcarbamate compounds p-chlorophenyl
N-methylcarbamate (PPG-124) and 1-naphthyl N-methylcarbamate
(carbaryl) to various herbicides has resulted in reduced rates of
degradation. Carbaryl affects the degradation of certain herbicides
in both plants and soils while PPG-124 has only been demonstrated
to affect degradation in soils. Both these materials are effective...
Studies were conducted in 1969 and 1970 to evaluate the
effectiveness of an experimental herbicide, SD 30053 (alanine,
N-benzoyl-N-(3, 4-dichlorophenyl)-, ethyl ester), for wild oat
(Avena fatua L.) control in winter cereals.
The 1969 field studies showed that postemergence applications
of SD 30053 were effective in controlling wild oats. Wild...
Several studies were conducted to determine the effect of weed
density on herbicide efficacy. Diuron [3-(3, 4- dichlorophenyl) -1, 1-
dimethylurea] was tested on various densities of Italian ryegrass
(Lolium multiflorum Lam. ) under greenhouse and field conditions.
Cycloate (S-ethyl N-ethylthiocyclohexanecarbamate) was tested on
green foxtail (Setaria viridis (L. )...
Field studies were conducted in 1973 and 1974 to determine the
soil persistence of the herbicide M-3785 (containing 0.5 lb a.e.
Dowco 290 + 2.0 lb a.e. 214D/gallon). under cropping situations.
Spring barley (Hordeum distichon L. 'Hannchen') was grown at
Corvallis, Oregon and winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L. 'Nugaines.')
was...
HOE 23408 [ 4-(2' , 4'-dichlorophenoxy)-phenoxy-u-propionic
methylester.1 is a promising new compound for control of wild oats
and other grass weeds in small grains. Several factors influencing
its use for this purpose were investigated.
Greenhouse bioassay studies were conducted in 1975 to determine
relative persistence of HOE 23408 in four...
In previous research in Europe, asulam (methyl sulfanilylcarbamate)
was found to be a potentially useful herbicide for controlling
broadleaf dock Rumex obtusifolius L. ) in permanent pastures.
Asulam was also reported to have a low margin of safety when used
on common pasture species. Field studies were conducted in western...
HOE 23408 [methyl 2-[ 4-( 2, 4- dichlorophenoxy )phenoxy]propanoate]
is a herbicide used to selectively-control Italian ryegrass
(Lolium muitiflorum Lam.) and wild oats (Avena fatua L.) in wheat.
The objective of this research was to compare the relative importance
of foliar and root uptake of the herbicide in these two...
With the development of new selective herbicides and the frequent
change in commercial wheat cultivars, information is needed as to the
possible interaction between cultivars and herbicides. The responses
of five genotypically diverse wheat cultivars (Bezostaya, Daws, Maris
Hobbit, Stephens and Yamhill) to diuron [3-(3,4-dichloropheny1)-1,1-
dimethylurea], diclofop methyl 2-[4-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)phenoxy]
propanoate...