Spotted wing Drosophila (SWD), Drosophila suzukii (Diptera: Drosophilidae), is a pest of small and stone fruits that is widely distributed across much of the United States, Canada, Europe and Asia. Unlike other members of the Drosophilidae that only lay eggs in overripe or rotting fruit, SWD infest ripening and ripe...
The black vine weevil (BVW), Otiorhynchus sulcatus (F.) (Coleoptera:
Curculionidae) is a persistent pest of nursery operations in the United States,
feeding on over 140 species of plants. The goals of this research were to 1) assess
the behavioral response of BVW to a commonly employed insecticide bifenthrin
(Talstar 0.2G®)...
Silvopasture is the planned and managed agroforestry system in which forage, livestock, and trees or shrubs are integrated in order to enhance individual components. Silvopasture has been identified as the most promising agroforestry system for the Pacific Northwest and Southeast United States. However, there have been few studies describing the...
Black vine weevil (BVW), Otiorhynchus sulcatus Fabricius, is a serious pest in cranberry, Vaccinium macrocarpon. Larvae feeding below the soil surface cause damage to the roots and underground stems. Knowledge is sparse in regard to the damage potential of BVW in Pacific Northwest cranberry beds. Control with insecticides is limited...
Pseudomonas is a diverse genus of Gamma proteobacteria that are ubiquitous in the natural environment, including soil, water, plant surfaces, and animals. The Pseudomonas fluorescens group is a diverse collection of seven subgroups and more than 50 named species. This group is known for their production of a variety of...
My thesis explores the later work of author J.D. Salinger, including two narratives featured in Nine Stories, "A Perfect Day for Bananafish," and "Teddy," and Franny and Zooey, "Raise High the Roof Beam, Carpenters," and "Seymour: an Introduction." Through my analysis I argue that the religious nature of Salinger's fiction...
My thesis, entitled “The Clerk’s Tale: Literal Monstrosities and Allegorical Problems,” argues that Chaucer’s Clerk is engaging both sides of a binary system. The Clerk has situated himself in a precarious position between two major schools of thought in the medieval culture, Franciscan and Dominican; the former promotes the will...
In this thesis I explore the ways in which twenty-first century Americans have access
to Geoffrey Chaucer and his works. I look at issues surrounding Chaucer within the
canon debate, high school history and literature textbooks, and Chaucer in popular
culture, such as in movies like A Knight's Tale. I...
The Washington State Department of Natural Resources' Comprehensive Tree-Volume Tarif Tables are a set of preconstructed local volume tables. This can increase "on plot" efficiency since only diameters are necessary to obtain volumes after the proper table for the given diameter/height relationship is accessed. The tables are accessed and indexed...
My thesis is comprised of two articles, titled "Journeying Through (An)Other World: Examining the Role of Magic and Transformational Otherness in Sir Gawain and the Green Knight" and "Magic, Muggles, and Mudbloods: Examining Magical Otherness in J.K. Rowling's Harry Potter Series." The introduction frames the thematic, theoretical, and critical connections...
This thesis presents two related studies on the methodology for creating, and
subsequently analyzing, an inverse food web model of an intertidal seagrass bed. The first study (Chapter 2) describes, for the first time in the literature, a method for incorporating isotopic information gained from Bayesian mixing models into an...
On January 8th, 2011 tragedy struck in Tucson, Arizona. A gunman opened fire on Representative Gabrielle Giffords' "Congress on Your Corner" event, wounding thirteen and killing six ("Arizona Shooting"). Four days later, President Obama spoke to a grieving crowd at the University of Arizona's McKale Memorial Center. This study seeks...
A new approach to oversampled delta-sigma A/D converters ( AZ modulators ) is introduced, where a differential pseudo-Npath filter stage is used as a basic cell. In this band-pass application, the z to -zN transformation is employed to realize a RAM-type pseudo-2-path lossless integrator. The bandpass second-order and 4th-order delta-sigma...
Autonomous multiagent teams can be used in complex exploration tasks to both expedite the exploration and improve the efficiency. However, use of multiagent systems presents additional challenges. Specifically, in domains where the agents' actions are tightly coupled, coordinating multiple agents to achieve cooperative behavior at the group level is difficult....
Continuous process scale-down and emerging markets for low-power/low-voltage mobile systems call for low-voltage analog integrated circuits. Switched-capacitor (SC) circuits are the building blocks for analog signal processing and will encounter severe overdrive problems when operating at low voltage conditions. There exist three techniques to solve the problem, but with their...
The growth of bdellovibrios at the expense of the host organism involves the catabolism of host cell macromolecular components and the subsequent anabolistic incorporation into bdellovibrio progeny. Extracellular enzymes specific for the various substrates provided by the host cell are present. In this study the extracellular RNase of Bdellovibrio bacteriovorus...
This study quantified the magnitude and timing of summer streamflow deficits in paired-watershed experiments in the Cascade Range of Oregon where mature and old-growth conifer forests were subjected to clearcutting, patch cutting, and overstory thinning treatments in the 1960s and 1970s. Hydrologic effects of clearcutting, small-patch cutting, and overstory thinning...
We hypothesized that calpain activity is elevated in response to muscle damage. To test this hypothesis, we examined the degradation of α-fodrin into its 150 and 145 kDa fragments following either 20 eccentric or isometric contractions. In addition, experiments were performed in the presence or absence of E-64-d, a calpain...
Digital systems, in particular microprocessor, have recently experienced phenomena growth in performance. Both technology advancement and clever design have sustained this performance growth. As clock frequency heads into the Ghz range, new circuit design, for both logic and storage, are needed. Such new circuit technology must provide needed performance with...
Recently, an interest in supplementation of vitamin D to improve aspects of health, especially in human fertility, has emerged. However, supplementation of Vitamin D above the minimum required levels to prevent deficiency has yet to be explored in cattle despite evidence for vitamin D receptors in reproductive tissues. The objective...
This thesis presents a novel algorithmic A/D converter to be used in a biosensor. The converter is capable of a conversion rate of 1.5 bits/phase and hence the required conversion time is reduced. The proposed architecture is analyzed for non-ideal effects and compared with existing algorithmic A/D architectures. The converter...
The design of mixed-signal integrated circuits has evolved from simple analog and digital circuits operating on the same silicon substrate to the point that now we have complete system on a chip solutions for communication systems. The levels of integration needed to remain cost effective in today's integrated circuit (IC)...
Oversampling analog-to-digital and digital-to-analog converters are gaining more
popularity in many signal processing applications. Delta-sigma modulators are used in practical applications of oversampling systems because of their apparent practical advantage over other oversampling converters in terms of insensitivity to the inevitable imperfection of the analog circuitry.
In Δ∑ modulators, analog...
Ophthalmic plaque brachytherapy is a form of internal radiation treatment for uveal melanoma, the most common eye cancer in adults. During treatment, a plaque containing radioactive seeds is surgically attached to the sclera, directly adjacent to the ocular tumor site. Plaque Simulator™ is an eye plaque brachytherapy planning software that...
The mechanisms governing short- and long-term belowground carbon dynamics need to be understood. As part of a larger project developed to assess the effect of quantity and quality of litter inputs on the rate of soil organic matter (SOM) formation, I examined SOM in the H. J. Andrews Detritus Input...
The purpose of this study was to determine if thinning, fertilization or a combination of thinning and fertilization had an effect on overall average specific gravity, modulus of elasticity, modulus of rupture, fiber length and intra-ring characteristics. Material for this experiment consisted of 7 trees randomly selected from each of...
This investigation examined the community structure of two intertidal sedimentary environments on the Oregon coast in terms of species composition and vertical distribution.
A coring device was used to obtain samples from two levels above MLLW in each beach on four occasions. Of the 54 taxa found, 46.2% were crustaceans,...
The design and construction of a chemiluminescence
photometer is described. The design is based on a discrete
sample system which has a number of advantages over
the previously described flow cell system and centrifugal
analyzer. The advantages include simple and inexpensive
equipment, small sample size, versatile electronic readout
system, and...
In this five-week feeding study male New Zealand rabbits were
fed diets containing cyclopropene fatty acids (CPFA), diets containing
cholesterol, and diets with both CPFA and cholesterol added to test
the effect of CPFA on cholesterol metabolism and atherosclerosis
induction. When CPFA-fed animals were compared with control
animals, they tended...
A critical study of the cold vapor atomic absorption and fluorescence instrumentation for the analysis of mercury is described. Some of the important modifications involve the reduction vessel, absorption cell, fluorescence cell, and radiation source. The new modified systems have much greater calibration sensitivities and lower detection limits than those...
Some kinetics of the oxygen requirement of amine oxidases
have been investigated using bovine plasma monoamine oxidase (PAO)
and pea seedling diamine oxidase (DAO). A system is described for
studying enzyme reactions under controlled oxygen tension and in an
O₂-free N₂ atmosphere.
O₂ Km values were determined at two different...
The application of lucigenin chemiluminescence for the determination
of trace concentrations of Co(II) is described. This method
is based on the enhancing effect that Co(II) has on the reaction of
lucigenin and hydrogen peroxide in a basic solution. The chemiluminescence
signal from a Co(II) enhanced lucigenin reaction, which is in...
This research related resin synthesis variables of phenolformaldehyde resins to their chemical content and reactivity. The study was part of a larger project correlating resin properties to their performance as plywood adhesives. Formaldehyde-to-phenol and Na0H-to-phenol mole ratios were examined within the ranges used commercially. I also examined various proportions of...
An experimental biomass combustion facility has been
built and established at Oregon State University. The
furnace, or Biomass Combustion Unit ( BCU ), uses an augertype
fuel feed system, grate-type fuel support with under
and over fire air supply.
Fourteen pellet species from five States - Alaska,
Washington, Oregon, Idaho,...
Present methods of determining proper glueline cure are inadequate
in either production or laboratory situations because they
are time consuming and "after the fact". Monitoring the glueline
while the wood composite is still in the press would provide many
advantages over existing methods. Such a system would provide
greater control...
This study was undertaken to determine whether Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga
menziesii (Mirb.) Franco) veneer could be platen-dried and then
sucessfully glued into two-ply parallel-laminated panels.
A range of veneer thicknesses, platen temperatures and final dry
moisture contents were examined. Thicknesses included were nominal
0.1, 0.2, 0.3 and 0.4 inches; platen temperatures...
The main objective of this study was to determine appropriate
accelerated aging methods for exterior plywood made with Southeast
Asian hardwood face veneers. A secondary objective of this study
was to determine the durability of exterior plywood made with keruing
(12 Dipterocarpus spp.).
To reach these objectives I made plywood...
The quality and cost of wood particle composites are substantially
determined by how the adhesive that bonds the composite is
distributed on the particles. Distribution of the adhesive is controlled
by the method of application. Currently the adhesive is applied by
spraying it onto the particles. It was hypothesized that...
Difficulties have been encountered in gluing some Southeast
Asian woods using phenolic resin. Extractives in veneers from the
trade groups yellow, white, and red meranti (Shorea, Parashorea,
and Pentacme spp. ), keruing (Dipterocarpus spp. ), and kapur
(Dryobalanops spp. ) were suspected to be able to modify resin cure
and...
My thesis, entitled "Fantastic Histories: How Malory's Morte Darthur
Influenced Tolkien's The Silmarillion," argues that J.R.R. Tolkien's Silmarillion
shares distinct similarities in style and content with Sir Thomas Malory's Morte
Darthur, primarily in the lack of detail in the descriptions of characters and events, as
each attempts to create a...
Many D2d-symmetric 2,2',6,6'-tetrasubstituted biphenyls are
readily prepared via net oxidative dimerization of appropriate
1,3-disubstituted benzenes. Conversion of such proprochiral
compounds to useful C2-symmetric chiral biphenyls requires
formal replacement of two substituents on opposing aryl ring
units with alternate groups. This under exploited
desymmetrization tactic has been demonstrated for the
generation...
The shallow, poorly-confined, sand and gravel aquifer underlying the lower
Malheur River basin is contaminated by nitrate and metabolites of the herbicide
dimethyl tetrachloroterephthalate (DCPA), first detected in 1983 and 1985,
respectively. The aquifer supplies water for the Ontario municipal water system,
domestic and industrial uses, and irrigation. In response...
The process of biological nitrogen fixation involves the enzymic
reduction of atmospheric nitrogen (N₂) to ammonia (NH₃). The
enzyme which catalyzes this reduction, nitrogenase, does not exhibit
a high degree of substrate specificity. It also catalyzes the reduction
of acetylene (C₂2H₂) to ethylene (C₂H₄). The reduction of
C₂H₂ to C₂H₄...
To abstract the fundamental market structures of stumpage sold from the Siuslaw National Forest, a three-equation structural model with different assumptions on private cut was empirically derived. Under the private cut price-fixed assumption, the structural model can be simplified as a single-equation model with stumpage price as dependent variable and...
High purity niobium metal is used in the construction of superconducting radio frequency (SRF) cavities in superconducting particle accelerators, such as the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN or the Spallation Neutron Source (SNS) at Oak Ridge National Laboratory. The usual method for characterizing the impurities in this niobium, the...
When Biosand filters cannot be constructed with crushed quarry rock due to resource limitations, a suitable alternative filter media is needed. In this research, two crushed quarry rock alternatives were examined. Three bench-scale Biosand filters with crushed rock, beach sand, and heat-treated beach sand media were simultaneously dosed with Willamette...
Brooks Island, located in central San Francisco Bay, California, currently supports the largest breeding colony of Caspian terns (Hydroprogne caspia) in the Bay Area, and is one of several proposed relocation sites for some Caspian terns from the world's largest colony in the Columbia River estuary of Oregon. Juvenile salmonids...
Forests in the western United States have changed drastically over the past 150 years given a long history of utilization (harvest and grazing) and associated fire exclusion. These actions have altered the composition and structure of these forests as well as affected ecosystem function. Current policies for federal land management...
The ability to non-destructively assess fish condition and subsequently track fish behavior and survival can be vital in understanding natural and anthropogenic stressors and sources of mortality, especially in populations of fish listed as threatened or endangered. I investigated the use of a quick, non-lethal, external examination technique to assess...
The role of insect herbivores in the nutrient cycling dynamics of forest ecosystems remains poorly understood. Although past research in herbivory has focused primarily on the deleterious effects that insects can have on tree growth and mortality, the overall effects of herbivory are more complex. Herbivores have the potential to...
Studies are currently underway to determine the suitability of Yucca Mountain
in Nevada as the nation's first high-level nuclear waste repository. Values of net
infiltration are required to determine pre-waste emplacement groundwater travel times
and the performance of the repository as a waste containment system. The objective of
this study...
Frankia from root nodules of nine different species of Ceanothus were
characterized. DNA was amplified directly from nodular material using the polymerase
chain reaction (PCR). The amplified region includes the 3' end of the 16S rRNA gene,
the intergenic spacer (IGS), and a large portion of the 23S rRNA gene....
Animal dietary preferences have been studied by feeding-site
examinations, animal observation, and stomach and esophageal collections.
Analysis of fecal material for undigested plant cuticle is
another means for obtaining the same information.
This study was conducted to: (1) prepare a microscope slide
series depicting the surface features of leaves and...
With the baby boomer cohort retiring and arguably having more time for outdoor recreation, coupled with population increases and government agencies encouraging people to recreate outdoors, areas such as state and national parks will likely continue seeing high visitation. It is imperative, therefore, for outdoor recreation managers and researchers to...
Northern Spotted Owls (Strix occidentalis caurina) are a long-lived forest owl and range-wide declines in their numbers have resulted in the species being listed as threatened under the endangered species act. While many studies have been focused on population trends and reproductive performance of Spotted Owls from different age-classes, none...
Re-establishing connectivity is a primary restoration activity for enhancing the
recovery of migratory fishes, but actions are often limited by lack of funds and
understanding of the benefits of individual projects. The objective of this study was to
develop a Bayesian Network (BN) to assess priorities for restoration of aquatic...
Kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis L.) cultivars are known to differ quantitatively in their photothermal floral inductive requirements. The extent to which these requirements are met influences the potential for subsequent panicle exsertion. A better understanding of the inductive requirements as they vary among cultivars would aid in the selection and...
Columbian black-tailed deer (Odocoileus hemionus columbianus) are important economically, ecologically, and culturally as an indigenous species in western Oregon. Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife (ODFW) observed declines in black-tailed deer populations since the late 1980’s and attributes these declines to reduction in quality and availability of habitat, following the...
Forest inventories are periodic resource assessments that can estimate items such as timber volume and value, tree growth rates, carbon sequestration, forest health status, wildlife habitat, fuel loading, and more. Traditional inventories require a large investment of resources and well-trained workforce. To date, most foresters and timber cruisers inventory forests...
Uranium adsorption to Hanford sediment was studied for various pH, total inorganic carbon concentrations, and total U(VI) concentrations. Both batch and transport studies were done in an attempt to understand the adsorptive trend of U(VI) on Hanford sediment, and the changes in adsorption as both pH and total inorganic carbon...
The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effect of advertisement strategy (informational, positive emotional, negative emotional) and brand awareness (high, low awareness) on brand name recall and change in brand attitude. The study extends previous research by focusing on the sportswear market and including personal involvement towards...
A study was conducted to determine the quantity and distribution
of bark debris resulting from log rafting. Three distinct problems were
studied: (I) the quantity of bark dislodged from the logs while being
placed in the rivers and during transport in log rafts; (2) the percentage
of the bark that...
College Algebra is a prerequisite for calculus and is thus an important stepping stone in the careers of STEM-intending undergraduates. However, College Algebra has low pass rates across the United States, interrupting students’ pathways to success. To address this concern, a research-oriented university in the Northwest United States restructured its...
Second-year students are a population that is often overlooked by higher education institutions. Many programs are offered to foster the success of students, but there is little research on their influence on second-year students. Mentorship initiatives are well researched and utilized support programs for students, but relatively little research has...
This study was designed to assess the effects of approval seeking motivation and social cost upon conformity to group norms which were inconsistent with personal values. Utilizing the Asch conformity paradigm, 321 subjects were exposed to a group opinion which was contradictory to one of their personal values. The results...
Although dam construction has been an integral tool in development initiatives for nearly a century, dams can have significant negative impacts on local residents, particularly those who are permanently displaced from their homes and must be resettled elsewhere. Dams have unique impacts on indigenous peoples. As a result, many dam...
Reducing future fire severity is a proposed ecological benefit of salvage logging following wildfire disturbance. Considerable debate continues over the ability of such management practices to achieve this objective given limited understanding of coarse woody detritus (CWD) dynamics, fuel bed alterations, and post-fire vegetative growth. The objective of this study...
Data from the coho salmon migration were examined from three streams of the Alsea Watershed Study, conducted on tributaries to Drift Creek, Oregon, from 1959 through 1973. With the migration season defined as November 1 through May 31, the mean seasonal smolt count was 2022 fish in Deer Creek, 665...
Many high-elevation stands of noble fir in the northern Oregon Cascades are being
actively managed. Forest managers are investigating different activities that will control
stand impacts and the subsequent spread of Heterobasidion annosum a rot pathogen on
the Warm Springs Indian Reservation. The purpose of this study was to quantify...
Using Southeast Asian hardwood veneers for exterior plywood siding
has caused problems because some species produced quality plywood while
other species produced plywood which delaminated soon after being put
in service in exterior exposure. This study attempted to improve the
durability of glue bonds of some Southeast Asian hardwood veneers...
Rhyacophila is one of the largest genera of caddisflies, containing
about 465 species. Approximately 100 species are found in
North America with 83 occurring in the west, The larvae of 24
western North American species are associated for the first time,
making a total of 38 species for which larvae...
C-methyltransferase
(HIOMT) in chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus
tshawytscha). Various body tissues, as well as several
morphological brain divisions were tested for the presence
of HIOMT. Activity was found in the retina, the dorsal
portion of the diencephalon, and in the pineal gland of
chinook. However, the activity was significantly higher
in...
These studies were initiated to investigate the influence of previous
superphosphate fertilizer practices and grazing stock history on
nitrogen, phosphorus and sulphur status in soils from grass-legume
pastures. Four Western Oregon soil series, Dixonville, Demint,
Winema and Josephine, were included in the study. Laboratory experiments
and greenhouse trials were conducted...
Algae have shown great potential as a source for renewable fuels. However, current production schemes have not been able to prove a sustainable energy return on investment due in part to the high costs of nutrient addition and the energy required for drying the biomass. Integrated algae-dairy production systems have...
Daikon, mizuna, mizspoona, and komatsuna are novel Asian vegetables for which a market exists in Oregon, especially in the organic sector. However, these crops are currently not grown widely in the area, despite the favorable growing environment of Oregon’s Willamette Valley. Little is known about the appropriate application level of...
This research focused on the use of classical and modern two-dimensional spectral estimation techniques for enhancing inverse synthetic aperture radar (ISAR) imagery. 2-D Classical spectral estimation methods and 2-D modern parametric and non-parametric spectral estimation methods are applied to simulated and real data sets in order to achieve both range...
A generalized, three-dimensional, finite element bridge model was created in order to efficiently and accurately assess live-load girder distribution factors for a variety of bridge types. This model shortens the time required by bridge analysts to develop individual finite element models for bridges of varying geometries. The creation of the...
Oversampled analog-to-digital (A/D) converter architectures have been receiving
increased attention for high-precision A/D converters. These architectures offer the
means of exchanging resolution in time for that in amplitude. Among these
oversampled A/D converters, delta-sigma modulators are the most popular method
used due to their simplicity in the analog circuitry. The...
The re-introduction of large woody debris (LWD) into streams and rivers for stream restoration purposes is rapidly growing. Engineered log jams (ELJs) are man-made structures intended to mimic natural LWD structures, designed and installed to protect stream banks from erosion while increasing habitat diversity. Several studies have evaluated the flow...
Increased competition brought about by trade liberalization has raised the stakes
for improving productivity in U.S. and Canadian food processing. A key element of
productivity growth is technological change, which in turn results from R&D investment.
The present study employs an econometric model to assess rates of technological change
and...
An inventor seeks to leverage his unique means in order to create and commercially exploit new technologies. Until new technologies are sufficiently developed, they have the theoretical potential for commercial exploitation in a wide range of markets. Those opportunities are limited by physical bounds that are often only discovered through...
Signals from the R/V Langseth’s tuned airgun array were recorded on an array of 33 EarthScope FlexArray seismometers deployed in the Oregon Coast Range from 43.5° to 45°N as part of the 2012 Ridge2Trench experiment to image the structure of the Juan de Fuca plate. This segment of the Juan...