In this report, three studies are presented that utilize computations to predict transformations, identities, and properties of environmental organic molecules. Each study shows how computations can lead to models of chemical behavior. The importance of this research is rooted in the need for understanding how human behavior and health intersect...
In an attempt to find a laboratory species which develops an
experimental myopathy similar to white muscle disease (WMD) in
lambs, comparative studies of nutritional muscular dystrophy of
chicks were initiated. This condition was grossly visible as white
striations running parallel with the fibers of the pectoral muscles and
was...
White muscle disease or muscular dystrophy of sheep is a selenium
responsive malady common to many areas with an inherent natural
deficiency of selenium in the forage. The disease can be prevented in
lambs by adding trace amounts (approximately 0.1 ppm) of selenium to
the otherwise selenium deficient, forage fed...
The purpose of this thesis was (1) to determine a dietary regimen which would produce the greatest incidence of cardiac calcification in the cotton rat and (2) to determine the fatty acid composition of heart tissue.
Maximum incidence of cardiac calcification occurred from feeding torula yeast ration supplemented with 0.5%...
One hundred and fifty-one weanling rats of both sexes were fed
control diets or diets containing 160 ppm diethylnitrosamine (DEN) or
150 ppm N-2-fluorenyl-acetamide (FAA). The carcinogen level was
calculated so that the LD₅₀ should be achieved at about 17 weeks.
Each carcinogen treatment was incorporated with three different diet...
The Enterobacter are often found in the feces of man and
other warm blooded animals but have limited use as indicators
of fecal contamination of foods and water since they are also
often found as natural flora of non-fecal environments such
as water and plants. This study proposes a method...
This investigation was designed to study the possible effects of
the electrical stimulation of beef muscle on microorganisms present on
the meat surface during and after treatment. The effect of electric
current on microorganisms in minimal media suspension was also studied.
Cell viability before and after electrical treatment or exposure...
The effect of cycling temperatures on production of aflatoxin
by Aspergillus flavus (V3734-10) when grown upon various substrates
was studied. The parameters of temperature and time were selected
to simulate environmental conditions in Oregon during harvest of
filberts and walnuts. The heat input required for aflatoxin synthesis
in terms of...
Phenols from defatted walnuts were extracted with absolute methanol. The phenols were divided into four groups on the basis of molecular size. The antagonism of each group towards Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Aspergillus flavus was determined. Small polymers were the best antagonists of E_„ coli and Staph. aureus followed...
The Nearctic leafhoppers placed in the genus Sorhoanus Ribaut
by Oman (1949) were found to belong to several genera, some of
which are Holarctic in distribution. None is properly placed in
Sorhoanus as presently defined. The genera Sorhoanus, Zelenius
Emel'yanov, Boreotettix Lindberg, Lebradea Remane, and Acharis
Emel'yanov are redefined and...
Of 109 aquatic birnaviruses (AB) belonging to 9 serogroup A, all replicated and produced rapid and extensive cytopathology in CHSE-214 and RTG-2 cells, whereas only half produced significant levels of cytopathological effect (CPE) in two nonsalmonid cell lines tested (EPC and FHM). In many instances it was found that although...
Infectious pancreatic necrosis (IPN) is an acute, contagious disease of trout fry
and fingerlings caused by viruses of the family birnaviridae. IPN disease usually results
in mortality that is inversely proportional to the age of the fish. While many studies
have been carried out to increase our understanding of IPN,...
Investigations into the phylogeny, genome size, and karyotype of microsporidian Nadeispora canceri were initiated to further characterize the organism. Isolates of N. canceri spores were obtained from both Dungeness (Cancer magisrer) and red rock crabs (Cancer productus). Analysis of the ssu rDNA sequence from spore isolates of the two crab...
This study was initiated to make some preliminary
evaluations of the effects of red alder (Alnus rubra,
Bong.) leaf fall on stream water quality, particularly
water color. Laboratory tests were also conducted
to better understand the effects of leaf loading, duration
of leaf leaching, and type of leaching on
changes...
Rainfall, discharge, traffic, and suspended sediment
were monitored for a period of 4.5 months at three
locations on a secondary haul road at Polk Inlet, Alaska to
determine the important processes and variables involved in
surface road erosion for this area. Three sites all less
than 500m² and within 5...
This paper introduces an alternative technique for the development of
microfluidic systems for biotechnology based on mechanical machining and
ultrasonic welding. Advantages of this approach over existing prototyping
approaches involving the rapid development of tooling include: (a) short cycle
time, (b) design flexibility, and (c) low cost manufacturing. In addition,...
The overall objective of this study is to address questions concerning the long-term
mechanical strength of the lithosphere across the equatorial margin of Brazil. The
approach used in this study consists of calculating the frequency response function
estimates, also called admittance, using gravity and bathymetry data. These
experimental estimates are...
Within 40 square miles of the southeastern Wallowa Mountains, Oregon, eugeosynclinal Permian and Triassic formations comprising a section about 25,000 feet thick have been exposed by uplift and erosion of overlying Miocene Columbia River basalt. Deposition appears to have been continuous from Permian into Upper Triassic, but an apparent angular...
Graphite oxides which had been prepared from three different
size graphite particles by the modified Brodie method were observed
with the electron microscope. The thermal decomposition products
of the oxides, obtained by heating them at 240° and 300°,
were observed using the electron microscope and x-ray diffraction.
Graphite oxide was...
This paper describes an attempt to ascertain the enzyme system
responsible for melanin formation in a melanin-and-microsclerotia-forming strain of Verticillium albo-atrum Reinke and Berth.
Previous work showed that near-UV radiation (3200-400 A⁰) inhibits
melanin synthesis and microsclerotia development in this strain and
that catechol almost wholly reverses this inhibition. During...
Water and methanol adsorption isotherms at 25° and 37° C.
were determined on a series of organo-bentonite clays. The clays
differed in the length of the carbon chain attached to the amine adsorbed
in the cation exchange position. The amines used had carbon
chains of 4, 6, 8, 10, 12,...
Six organoclay complexes have been studied in terms of their
selective adsorption from binary solutions of methanol and toluene.
Analyses are based on differential refractometry methods. The
isotherms were of the usual "S" type. The crossover points reveal
trends in the organophilic nature of the interlaminar surfaces in
these clay...
This study sought a better understanding of the mechanism of
the near-ultraviolet inhibition of microsclerotia and pigment formation
in the fungus Verticillium albo-atrum Reinke & Berth. by observing
changes which occur in certain major biochemical components:
lipids, chitin, RNA, DNA, protein carbohydrates, and pigment.
The most important finding was that...
A mechanism for filiform corrosion of aluminum is proposed
based on experimental evidence and the known aqueous chemistry of
the trivalent aluminum ion. Experimental methods utilized include
autoradiographs with Cl³⁶; pH paper determination of the filiform
head pH; activator concentration and activation period as they affect
filiform growth.
The pH...
Pleuronectid flatfish are generally thought to utilize stereotypical anti-predator behavior to reduce encounters with potential predators, including burial, maintaining a low profile on the bottom, cryptic coloration, and reduced activity. However, a series of laboratory experiments demonstrate significantly different predation rates on juvenile (Age-0) English sole (Parophrys vetulus), northern rock...