This paper analyses what are the potential outlets on European markets for new farmed fish. In the first part, the main striking features about the structure and evolution of the European fish trade over the last decade are presented. The analysis of fish imports and exports provides comprehensive data to...
The Differential Almost Ideal Demand System (AIDS) is estimated to exam the direct and spillover responses for salmon promotion conducted by the Norwegian Seafood Export Council in EU Atlantic salmon market. The model allows the advertising effect on demand curve to shift and rotate simultaneously. EU demand is segmented by...
Promoting shrimp culture industry is one of the effective ways to earn foreign currencies and reduce rural
poverty for developing countries. However, there is a question if rising wage rates might be a constraint for further development. Thailand, for example, has established a firm position in the industry, but its...
Over the last four decades, the aquaculture sector especially in developing countries has experienced dramatic growth. The increase in aquaculture production is a combination of area expansion and technological change (enhanced strains, input of feed and fertilizer, and improved management). One example of such technological change is the selective breeding...
In the last 30 years the Chinese Aquaculture Sector has become one of the most rapidly developing areas within Chinese Agriculture. The total output of aquaculture products (more than 51 million tons) has placed China as the world’s largest producer of aquaculture products since 1990, with more than 70% of...
Most current models analyzing technology adoption are based on a function that assumes farmers make decisions upon utility maximization but ignores cultural or social factors. The traditional production systems of the Mekong Delta were based on floating rice varieties and fish harvested both from rivers and rice fields. Since 1980...
Following the introduction of the red drum Sciaenops ocellatus in the early 80_s in the Caribbean island La Martinique, farming techniques were set up and a small scale farming sector developed. The introduction of that fish species in Indian Ocean islands, la Reunion and Mayotte, allowed to start fish farming...
This study examines income generation potential and resource- use efficiency of aquaculture farms in Nigeria. A total of 120 aquaculture farms were sampled. Using gross margin (GM) analysis, the result shows that, all the sampled farms were able to cover their total operating expenses with an average GM > 200,000...
This paper comparatively examined resource-use and technical (TE) efficiencies of aquaculture farms in the Southwest Nigeria. A total of 160 farms were randomly selected from four states across the region. Econometric applications of the stochastic frontier models provide measure of the farm’s technical efficiency. The results of regressions specified for...
The aim of this paper was to compare the nutritional value of some low price fish (Sardina pilchardus, Engraulis encrasicholus, Anguilla anguilla, Salmo trutta, Mugil chepalus) to high price fish with high consumption rate (Sparus aurata, Merluccius merluccius, Dicentrarchus labrax).In general, the commercial values of several fish species in Greece...
A post-tsunami economic analysis of cage culture along the Andaman Sea coast of Thailand was carried out in five provinces (Ranong, Phang-nga, Krabi, Trang and Satun) from September 2007 to February 2008. Two of the culture species normally raised in this area include sea bass (Lates calcarifer) and grouper (Epinephelus...
This study focused on analysis of the influences of the Post-Tsunami Rehabilitation Programs on the socio-economic status of cage aquaculture farmers along Andaman sea coast, Thailand. The study also emphasized on the enhancement of the livelihood of the farmers. Data was collected by interviewing 164 farmers, who reside in the...
Capture-based aquaculture (CBA) is an industry that utilizes wild-captured specimens as stocking animals for ongrowing or storage. This yields an intriguing direct link between capture fisheries and aquaculture of these resources. Examples of CBA are collection of early life stages of many crustaceans and adolescent tunas for grow-out in aquaculture...
Tilapia culture in Yucatan State, Mexico, is largely semi-intensive. The producers are mostly poor farmers who receive government subsidies for purchase of fingerlings and balanced feed. Feeding practices are often inadequate (satiety rations), moreover, producers frequently suffer financial and resource shortfalls. During feed shortages producers are known to use empirical...
Tam Giang - Cau Hai lagoon systems covered over 22.000 ha, along coastal region from North to South of Thua Thien Hue with 70 km and more than 400.000 inhabitants are living around in lagoon systems. There are many livelihood activities as fishing, aquaculture and farming. Aquaculture systems are diversified:...
Vietnam fisheries industry is expanding in scale and increasing its position in the national economy. It supplies not only a basic food commodity, but also the input for other industries, source of nutrition, employment, income, and foreign exchange earnings. The importance of fisheries, hence, emanates from its contribution to the...
Coastal aquaculture in Bangladesh mainly consists of two shrimp species (Penaeus monodon and Macrobrachium rosenbergii). Currently, there are about 16,237 marine shrimp (P. monodon) farms covering 148,093 ha and 36,109 fresh water shrimp (M. rosenbergii) farms covering 17,638 ha coastal area. More than 0.70 million people are employed throughout the...
The contribution of aquaculture development to the Vietnamese national economy and to farmers’ incomes has been documented in various government reports as well as working papers produced by development projects. However, the role of aquaculture in the life satisfaction of poor farmers has not been considered rigorously. In particular, it...
Aquaculture remains as a suitable avenue in India for augmenting fish production, which is easy, cost effective and sustainable at the same time. It provides livelihoods to rural people through generating income and employment and reduces poverty by developing and strengthening community based approaches. The expansion of farmed fishery development...
When attempting to mitigate the environmental impacts of a fishery there are typically multiple criteria
against which the performance of any measures can be assessed. If the gains are non-commercial (i.e.
non-market) in nature, formally determining how well measures perform becomes more difficult. This study applies the analytic hierarchy process...
EWEB envisions the development of an investment mechanism that makes payments for ecosystem services (PES) as a way to maintain and improve water quality within the McKenzie River Watershed, Eugene’s sole source of drinking water. The public name for this concept is the Voluntary Incentives Program. Under the envisioned Voluntary...
One of the least studied areas of Information Foraging Theory
is diet: the information foragers choose to seek. For
example, do foragers choose solely based on cost, or do
they stubbornly pursue certain diets regardless of cost? Do
their debugging strategies vary with their diets? To investigate
"what" and "how"...
The relationship between annual growth in the catches of fishing nations and the quality of the institutions of those nations is analyzed. Catch volumes are used as a proxy for development, since economic performance indicators based on a common set of definitions do not exist. 49 major fishing nations were...
Information on economic viability of aquaculture is crucial for investors when assessing the feasibility of an aquaculture investment. Unfortunately, such information has been scarce in Nigeria. The economic analysis of fish farming in Osun State, South-Western Nigeria was therefore carried out using data collected from seventy two randomly selected fish...
The linefish sector is one of the 10 commercial fisheries in Namibia. This sector is made up of two subsectors: commercial right holders and angling. The angling subsector is further divided into two types of fishing activities; subsistence angling which serve as a source of food supply and recreational angling...
Change in climate, harvest stagnation in wild fisheries and overexploitation of popular fish
species, combined with a growing demand for high quality protein and a need to sustain
livelihood and improve food security has compelled aquaculturists to domesticate more fish
species in environments which is not rural as the case...
Many developed nations have accessed the diverse benefits of recreational fisheries in their this is not yet so in developing countries, this study explored the viability of recreational fisheries in two Nigerian Lakes.
Biological resources were sampled for twelve (12) months on Lakes Asejire and Oyan all in the forest...
Climate changes are growing environmental concerns which are much in the scientific government and public eye at present. The potential impact on aquatic resources and livelihood are immense. From local to global levels, fisheries and aquaculture play important roles for food supply, food security and income generation. Some 43.5 million...
Summary: Four proposed metrics:
[1] average relative reduction in training time (sample size, number of training experiences)
[2] jumpstart (initial advantage of transfer algorithm)
[3] handicap (how long it takes the no-transfer algorithm to overcome the jumpstart)
[4] asymptotic advantage (how much better the transfer learning algorithm does in the...
The potential for machine learning systems to improve via a mutually beneficial exchange of information with users has yet to be explored in much detail. Previously, we found that users were willing to provide a generous amount of rich feedback to machine learning systems, and that the types of some...
Although machine learning is becoming commonly used in today's software, there has been little research into how end users might interact with machine learning systems, beyond communicating simple "right/wrong" judgments. If the users themselves could somehow work hand-in-hand with machine learning systems, the accuracy of learning systems could be improved...
Existing topology-based vector field analysis techniques rely on the ability to extract the individual trajectories such as fixed points, periodic orbits and separatrices which are sensitive to noise and errors introduced by simulation and interpolation. This can make such vector field analysis unsuitable for rigorous interpretations. We advocate the use...
This paper addresses the problem of interactively modeling large street networks. We introduce a modeling framework that uses tensor fields to guide the generation of a street graph. A user can interactively edit a street graph by either modifying the underlying tensor field or by changing the graph directly. This...
The gradient of a velocity vector field is an asymmetric tensor field which can provide critical insight into the vector field that is difficult to infer from traditional trajectory-based vector field visualization techniques. We describe the structures in the eigenvalue and eigenvector fields of the gradient tensor and how these...
Most existing flow visualization techniques focus on the analysis and visualization of the vector field that describes the flow. In this paper, we employ a rather different approach by performing tensor field analysis and visualization on the gradient of the vector field, which can provide additional and complementary information to...
Vector field analysis plays a crucial role in many engineering applications, such as weather prediction, tsunami and hurricane study, and airplane and automotive design. Existing vector field analysis techniques focus on individual trajectories such as fixed points, periodic orbits and separatrices which are sensitive to noise and errors introduced by...
Fluid simulation on interacting deformable surfaces is a challenging problem that has many applications. In this paper, we present a framework in which artistic as well as physically realistic flows can be generated on surfaces during deformation and collision. Our simulation system provides comprehensive control over the motion and deformation...
Visualizing asymmetric tensors is an important task in understanding fluid dynamics. In this paper, we describe topological analysis and visualization techniques for asymmetric tensor fields on surfaces based on analyzing the impact of the symmetric and antisymmetric components of the tensor field on its eigenvalues and eigenvectors. At the core...
If basic assumptions about how knowledge workers conceptualize and use work units are wrong, then any solutions resting on those assumptions are unlikely to be successful since, instead of decreasing costs, they will lead to increasing them. This paper reports on how knowledge workers understand, use and switch between units...
This paper studies cluster ensembles for high dimensional data clustering. We examine three different approaches to constructing cluster ensembles. To address high dimensionality, we focus on ensemble construction methods that build on two popular dimension reduction techniques, random projection and principal component analysis (PCA). We present evidence showing that ensembles...
Japan experienced a major economic bubble in the latter
half of the 1980s. There are two major indicators that tell
the magnitude of the bubble. One is land and the other is
stock. I wish to share my views with you as to why the bubble
occurred and why the...
“The Columbia River Watershed is one of the most
beautiful places on God’s Earth. Its mountains and
valleys, forests and meadows, rivers and deserts speak of
the presence of their Creator. Its farms and fisheries,
communities and cities, businesses and industries reveal
the varied ways in which people of the...
What is required for science and industry to work together, speak a similar language, and find common ground?
Leverage the real-world interdependencies that occur within the context of business/labor/science/academics/NGOs and
government. Successful information and knowledge transfer among scientists, academics, and their business partners requires
collaboration, establishing common goals, and cultural/organizational...
We introduce a visual specification language for spreadsheets that allows the definition of spreadsheet templates. These templates are used by a spreadsheet generator to create Excel spreadsheets that are probably free from a large class of errors, such as reference, omission, and type errors. We demonstrate how spreadsheets can be...
Collaborative filtering (CF) algorithms are used in a wide range of internet applications. However the chief objective of using CF algorithms across most of these applications is to discover items that might be of interest to its users. CF algorithms work by obtaining feedback from users on the items that...
A huge discrepancy between theory and practice exists in one popular application area of functional programming--spreadsheets. Although spreadsheets are the most frequently used (functional) programs, few formal models of computation and type systems exist that would provide the foundation for creating reliable spreadsheets. Consequently, existing spreadsheets contain many errors, some...
Forest management in the Little Red River/Tall Cree traditionally used territory has long been dictated by
‘professionally’ trained foresters whose interests often run counter to those of aboriginal community residents. Because of
this, band members have largely been excluded from the decision making process while their concerns, values, and
knowledge...
The Mabo [no. 2] 1992 High Court decision and subsequent judicial decisions indicate a quantum shift in the
recognising the rights of Aboriginal peoples and Torres Strait Islanders to their sea estates ‘as far as the eye can see’. These
ongoing changes create a circumstance in which the transfer and...
New Zealand’s fisheries are perhaps best known for the individual transferable quota (ITQ) system brought about
by the Fisheries Amendment Act 1986. There is general recognition that the ITQ system has improved the biological status of
fisheries resources and commercial returns. The 1986 Act allocated quota to fishing firms and...
The World Trade Organization (WTO) is among those institutions that advocate free trade in goods, service and capital
among nations. This view is not shared universally, however, especially when there are important natural resource, environmental and
labor issues at stake. In fact, some countries discourage the exportation of natural resource...
This paper surveys the activity recognition task from a machine learning perspective. I give a definition of this problem, and I classify different activity recognition problems into two categories. I show the activities can be hierarchical, and based on such hierarchies I synthesize a language to describe activities. I give...
The field of machine learning has made major strides over the last 20 years. This document summarizes the major problem formulations that the discipline has studied, then reviews three tasks in cognitive networking and briefly discusses how aspects of those tasks fit these formulations. After this, it discusses challenges for...
This paper studies the problem of learning diagnostic policies from training examples. A diagnostic policy is a complete description of the decision-making actions of a diagnostician (i.e., tests followed by a diagnostic decision) for all possible combinations of test results. An optimal diagnostic policy is one that minimizes the expected...
Over the last decade, advocates of the interdisciplinary concept of social capital have celebrated the fact that elements
of local social structures--embodied in social norms, networks and organizations--can significantly affect well-being in fishing
communities. But does this concept bring anything to the study and practice of fisheries management that is...
The International Convention for the Regulation of Whaling was signed in Washington, D.C. in late 1946. All 14
signatories were whaling nations. Apart from some whaling by their indigenous people, none of the original 14 whale today, and some
such as the United States, Australia and New Zealand have played...
Structured systems of indigenous governments include systems of commerce and exchange, different concepts of
wealth and very different nutritional habits which have been developed on the strength and in accord with generations of
observing the natural systems which we live in and ultimately sustain us. Indigenous social structures occur within...
This paper examines the impacts of tightening environmental regulations on optimal trade and investment
policies. We find that for a small open two-sector economy with an importable sector relying on foreign capital while
emitting pollution, a more stringent environmental measure leads to a higher optimal tariff and possibly a higher...
George Kennedy discusses new directions in interdisciplinary teaching (including distance learning) and research
being adopted at The University of British Columbia (UBC) in Vancouver, Canada. He discusses initiatives at different
levels: within one Faculty (College) - the Faculty of Agricultural Sciences at UBC; across Faculties at UBC; and between
UBC...
In an age of increasing complexity, simple answers no longer suffice, but the demand for greater sophistication
is itself at odds with an era of growing specialization. Researchers must thus incorporate information from specialists in
other fields. This trend in interdisciplinary research contains hidden challenges, however, including a necessary familiarity...
The increasing demand for shark fins in Asia and the shark s life history pattern of slow growth, late maturity, and
few offspring, have generated concerns regarding the sustainability of shark resources. Despite this concern, little effort has
been spent on understanding the markets for shark fin products and the...
Selecting ‘optimal’ strategies to manage Oregon ocean shrimp is challenged by uncertain and variable natural mortality,
recruitment, and growth. Fishery management is focused on measures to prevent long-term biological damage to the stock,
to protect age-1 shrimp from overharvest and to sustain long term fishery benefits. Developing harvest strategies such...
Due to declines in stocks, restrictive management plans, and imports of whole groundfish from Canada, the supply
of whole fresh Atlantic groundfish to New England processing plants (landings plus whole fresh imports) declined by 75%
since its peak in 1983. These reductions in supply of Atlantic groundfish put severe pressure...
Individual Vessel Quota (IVQ) management provides geoduck harvesters in British Columbia with a greater stake in
the fishery, by enhancing certainty of harvest access to the fishery. IVQ management has encouraged harvesters to become more
interested in the economic and environmental sustainability of the fishery and less in developing strategies...
The intermediate market for raw fish is characterized by time and space considerations that create significant
quasi-rents between the fisher and the initial processor(s) approached to complete an exchange. This “temporal specificity”
is more pronounced the fewer the number of alternative potential buyers, the more perishable the catch and the...
The US North Atlantic bluefin tuna (Thunnus thynnus) fishery is one of the most controversial cases of renewable
resource exploitation. Public management of this resource has resulted in substantial public debate. Bluefin tuna is also
considered a culture-specific product, as it is almost exclusively consumed uncooked in Japan. Bluefin tuna...
This paper reviews the history of fish marketing in Japan. The Japanese experience is rich in terms of long history, species handled, products forms, cooking methods, ways of utilization, and interaction with domestic fisheries. Along with the change of people's life style from hunting to farming, marketing and trade have...
In this paper, we examine the problems inherent in the export-oriented tuna industry taking the Philippines and Indonesia as examples. Although problems are reduced to the depletion of or possible depletion of tuna resources, we intend to clarify the industry structure that may have led to such local depletion. Though...
This paper discusses some results from a regional study of the proper roles of ecological research scientists in
natural resource decision-making. The study was conducted in the Pacific Northwest by researchers at Oregon State
University and focuses on scientists involved in the Long Term Ecological Research Program (LTER). Using data...
It is generally accepted that the color of salmon products is one of the most important quality parameters.
Therefore, color plays a decisive role when evaluating the quality of the product at point-of-sale. The colors resulting from
the deposition of carotenoids are considered to be of significant behavioral importance to...
Some years ago, the U.S. Dept. of Agriculture undertook a study of the nutrient profile of the leading species of cultivated and wild fish and shellfish. Some data from that work were published, but information on fatty acids was not included. This paper presents data on the fat, cholesterol and...
The standard model of supervised learning assumes that training and test data are drawn from the same underlying distribution. This paper explores an application in which a second, auxiliary, source of data is available drawn from a different distribution. This auxiliary data is more plentiful, but of significantly lower quality,...
Most fish stocks worldwide are not optimally exploited and are therefore are producing less in biologic and economic terms that what it could be obtained. MSY objective for all the stocks by 2015 is put forward by several countries as management target to be achieved, while other countries such as...
The 2012 Annual Economic Report (AER) on the European Union (EU) fishing fleet provides a comprehensive overview of the latest information available on the structure and economic performance of EU Member States fishing fleets. Results suggest that the total amount of income generated by the EU fishing fleet in 2010...
Attracting, educating and retaining new engineering students is a challenge. The creative aspirations and "can do" attitude spawned by the space race, Heathkits, and homemade crystal radios have been replaced with the passive satisfaction of video games, cell phones and throwaway electronic appliances. At Oregon State University we have made...
In this paper, based on coding theory concepts, new time scheduling algorithms for multihop packet radio networks are described. Each mobile host is assigned a word from an appropriate constant weight code of length n, distance d and weight w. The host can send a message at the j[superscipt th]...
A fault-tolerant routing method that can tolerate solid faults using only two virtual channels is presented. The proposed routing algorithm not only uses a fewer number of virtual channels but also tolerates f-chains in the meshes. It is shown that the proposed algorithm is deadlock-free and livelock-free in meshes when...
In 1995 my students and I developed Leda, a multiparadigm language based on the Pascal model. Leda allowed programmers to create abstractions in an object-oriented, functional, or logic programming style. More recently we have been interested in recreating this work, but this time using Java as the language basis. The...
The language G is an expression based language designed around the concept of the stream; where a stream is a sequence of values, perhaps infinite in length. There are no statements in G, only expressions. All expressions are evaluated on a demand driven basis, no computation takes place that does...
This paper, which was given as a keynote address for Africa fisheries policy day, addresses the key issue of how the exploitation of Africa’s fish resources can make a greater sustainable contribution to African economic growth. It is estimated that such resources have the potential to deliver annual wealth in...
The purpose of this article is to report the results of a statistical investigation of links in the fish supply chain in Uganda. We are particularly interested in the extent of ex-vessel prices impacting links downstream in the fish supply chain. We test for vertical and horizontal co-integration for five...
The study was carried out in a village named MGR Thittu in the vicinity of the Pichavaram mangroves in the state Tamil Nadu in India. The objectives of the study were to review the current status of mangroves in Tamil Nadu, study the fisherfolk’s perceived role of mangroves on their...
Women are recognized as agents of changes and development .Their involvement in aquaculture is one issue that needs to be addressed when dealing with rural communities and poverty alleviation among the rural women .The major way to ensure that women utilize their full potentials in profitable aquaculture is to provide...
A sine-qua-non for eradicating protein malnutrition in Nigeria is increased ingestion of high-value proteins found in various fish forms. This study attempted to give empirical backing or refutation to the assertion that dried fish is consumed more than fresh fish in Nigeria. Data used were gathered in 90 rural and...
This study evaluated the Philippine tilapia supply chain including the roles of key actors, logistical issues, external influences, and transaction flows among market levels. It identified improvement areas and provided recommendations for the industry. Key players include hatcheries, nurseries, commercial/small-scale farmers, consumers and institutional buyers. Pampanga, Batangas and Laguna are...
In this paper, we estimated the costs and benefits of keeping pension fishers in the community. 34% of the 200 thousand fishers in Japan are over the age of 65. Since the fishers over 65 are pensioners, their fishery income is an additional source of livelihood. The average yearly income...
This paper provides summaries of presentations at a special session of IIFET 2012 that explored the potential value of a ‘wellbeing’ approach in small-scale fisheries, drawing on insights from the Governing Small-Scale Fisheries for Wellbeing and Resilience project. The research aimed to apply wellbeing concepts to both better understand fishery...
Catfish farming has increased over the past decade in Uganda. In order for this emerging industry to be sustainable, systematic production and marketing are essential. This paper discusses the existing catfish farming industry in Uganda and its value chains. Analysis is done to answer questions on the industry structure, value...
Most fishermen are faced with several options in both long and short term planning of their activity. In this paper we study fishers short term decisions when different seasonal fishery options are available. This involves choices of spatial and temporal allocation of effort as well as use of varying fishing...
This study carried out an appraisal of fresh fish marketing in Ondo-State, Nigeria. It
specifically examined the socio-economic characteristics of fresh fish marketers in the study
area, determined profitability and examined market structure for fresh fish in the study area .A
multi-stage sampling technique was used to select 45 fresh...
The clam, Galatea paradoxa has for decades been an important source of protein to the riparian communities of the lower Volta River and provides employment to about 2000 people, especially women. The fishing grounds have dwindled from 100 km from the pre-dam era to a narrow stretch of 10 km...
This paper discusses the persistency of one of today’s major subsidy schemes in Norwegian fisheries: exemption from fuel taxes in the fishing fleet. The reimbursement scheme stems from the late 1980s, and has been persistent since, under different governments. Here we provide the background for this support and discuss it’s...
Vietnam has been ranked as one of the countries in Asia with the highest vulnerabilities to climate change impacts on fisheries and aquaculture. Eight of those ten provinces are located in the Mekong River Delta, including Ben Tre Province. We conducted a study to identify the impacts of climate change...
Scientific database has proven that Vietnam is one of the most affected countries due to climate change impacts on aquaculture and economies of rural communities. Ben Tre region has suffered immensely from recent salt water intrusion. Climate change generates sea level rise, increase in temperature and salt water intrusion. In...
The paper discusses contribution of dagaa Rastreneobola argentae fishery to Tanzanian economy. It uses data from two studies conducted in Lake Victoria as well as literature retrieved from Fisheries Division and other institutions. Results indicate that dagaa fishery generates an average monthly income over $150 to individual fisher/trader, provided employment...
The ex-vessel supply chain for fisheries has been recognized as an important determinant of value generation. In recent years, as the retail demand for fresh seafood products has increased, many independent fishermen have bypassed thin, monopsonized, or otherwise inferior wholesale markets by engaging in implicit or explicit fixed-output contracts with...
The study looked at gender roles in the value chain for small scale Tilapia capture and marketing in villages and market centres along the Sinazongwe shore line of Lake Kariba, Zambia. Objectives were to identify dominant gender in supply chain functions, compute price changes due to value addition and isolate...
Salmon is an anadromous species that during its feeding and spawning migrations is sought after catch for commercial and recreational fisheries. The management of salmon fisheries is complicated by the combination of mixed and single stock fisheries. Thus, the country of origin has sovereign control over harvest of a salmon...
Fisheries management is more of human management than fish management. This is evidenced by the many fishing regulation that are developed world-wide and imposed on the fishers who harvest the fish resources. A number of fisheries management regimes have been devised and implemented to sustainably manage the world fisheries but...
We develop a methodological approach using splines to analyze the deterministic population dynamics of fish stocks at low stock levels. Considering the aggregate Northern cod stock by way of illustration, we reject the hypothesis of strong compensation estimated by the conventional regression methods used by classic bioeconomic models.