In Oregon’s northern Willamette Valley, cabbage maggot (CM), Delia radicum (L.) (Diptera: Anthomyiidae) often renders Brassica root crops unmarketable. Scheduled insecticides are the only current control. Studies were conducted to: 1) describe and characterize spring emergence of CM flies and their seasonal flight activity relative to degree-day (DD) accumulations; 2)...
Garden symphylans (Scutigerella immaculata Newport) are increasingly important pests of below-ground parts of over 100 crops in Oregon. The focus of our work was to improve S. immaculata management through 1) development of a bait sampling method, 2) examination of the susceptibility of selected crops to S. immaculata feeding in...
The GRASS (V. 4.0) geographical information system (GIS) was used to test
the hypothesis that pheromone trap based predictions of Helicoverpa zea (Boddie)
damage in processed sweet corn could be improved by considering spatial patterns of
corn plantings and wind blocking features around the trap. Wind blocking features
include: tree...
The seasonal life history of the cereal stem moth (CSM), Ochsenheimeria
vacculella Fischer von Roslerstamm, (Lepidoptera : Ochsenheimeriidae) was investigated
in a commercial field of annual ryegrass in the Willamette Valley, OR from January
1993 to August 1994. Phenology of life stages, effect of temperature on eclosion, and
development of...
The entomopathogenic fungi Metarhizium anisopliae and Beauveria bassiana are commercially available as microbial control agents for the black vine weevil, Otiorhynchus sulcatus (F.) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), the key root-feeding insect pest in Pacific Northwest small fruits and ornamentals. Understanding habitat selection is critical to improve the efficacy, persistence and cost of...
Full Text:
THESIS OF
Joanna Fisher for the degree of Honors Baccalaureate of Science in BioResource
Research
Methodological difficulties, particularly when multifleet-multispecies fisheries are active, explain pro parte a weak research effort on the socio-economic impact of fishery activities after the implementation of a marine protected area. Two components of the socio-economic impact have been prioritized: the fishing unit profitability and the fishery household income distribution by...
In response to the events on September the Eleventh, various media attempted to make sense of the seemingly radical altered political landscape. Comic books, though traditionally framed as low brow pulp, were no exception. This thesis is a work of rhetorical criticism. It applies Walter Fisher's Narrative Paradigm to a...
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Mark J. Porrovecchio
In response to the events on September the Eleventh, various media
We examined the incidental catches of American shad (Alosa sapidissima) taken during research cruises and in commercial and recreational landings along the Pacific coast of North America during over 30 years of sampling. Shad, an introduced species, was mainly found over the shallow continental shelf, and largest catches and highest...
Epiphytic, planktonic and benthic diatom assemblages were investigated in Netarts Bay, Oregon. Samples were collected for a
one-year period from February 1980 to March 1981. A planktonic flora was observed only during periods of offshore enrichment when marine neritic species were abundant and were transported into the bay by tidal...
Geocaching is an outdoor recreational activity where participants (geocachers) utilize a handheld Global Positioning System (GPS) receiver or smartphone to download coordinates in order to navigate to the location of a hidden container, a geocache. Since its inception in 2000 geocaching has grown exponentially. The potential ecological and recreation management...
Information about social and economic attributes of fisheries, fishing communities, and fishery participants is important for marine resource management because the focuses of agency efforts are on managing society's impacts to the marine environment. This thesis addresses two questions. First, what are the perspectives of managers, scientists, and commercial and...
Forest carnivores such as the fisher have frequently been the target of conservation concern due to their association with older forests and assumed sensitivity to landscape-level habitat alteration. Although the fisher has been extirpated from most of its former range in the western U.S., it is still found throughout much...
Previous work has developed the What You See Is What You Test (WYSIWYT) methodology for testing spreadsheets. This methodology has been shown to help end users test, debug, and modify spreadsheets. To date, however, this system has provided no support for creating, reusing, and managing test cases, a process that...
Mounting inflationary economic pressures and the obvious spiralling costs of education, at all levels, has drastically augmented public, administrative, and government concern regarding the effectiveness of many educational training programs. Secretarial Science, which is designed to provide occupational-level training represents such a program. Therefore, this study was conducted in order...
Micro-plankton are a crucial component of pelagic food webs, responding rapidly to environmental changes, and providing a first step in the acquisition and transfer of nutrients to life in the ocean. In addition to the uptake of carbon, phytoplankton provide essential fatty acids (FAs) that can limit the growth of...
We conducted two experiments evaluating perennial ryegrass straw as a forage source for ruminants. Experiment 1 evaluated digestion and physiological variables in steers offered perennial ryegrass straw containing increasing levels of lolitrem B. Sixteen ruminally cannulated Angus X Hereford steers (231 ± 2 kg BW) were blocked by weight and...
In this thesis an introduction to simulation and object oriented programming discusses the need for the creation of several classes which directly support object oriented simulation. The author places no restrictions on the type of simulations that can be conducted and simulation practitioners will find that the classes provided lay...
The lingcod (Ophiodon elongatus) is an important groundfish species in both recreational and commercial fisheries of the Northeastern Pacific. It is a large, fast-growing, generalist predator of invertebrates and fishes. In response to concerns that lingcod may limit populations of rockfishes (Sebastes spp.), I compared the diets of 375 adult...
Current human – ocean relationships are dominated by unsustainable extraction of marine resources having both ecological and socio-economic consequences. Sustainable fishery management utilizing stakeholder collaboration must become a proactive strategy to prevent or reduce further long-lasting impacts. In Oregon, USA, a newly developing fishery for gooseneck barnacle (Pollicipes polymerus) presents...
Females more commonly injure their anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) in
athletics than do males. Despite many studies researching anatomical, neuromuscular,
and hormonal causes, the predisposing risk factors behind this occurrence are currently
unknown. This study compared 5 females who had injured their ACL to 15 healthy
females concentrating on three...
This MPP essay examines how states expand access to nutritious food for low-income families, focusing specifically on policies related to the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) and farmers’ markets. Coalitions made up of nonprofits focused on hunger, farmers, and health collaborate to impact relevant policies in their respective states. The...
Definitions of child poverty and measurement approaches are directly linked to poverty reduction strategies. The definition determines the measure and the measure, in turn, informs policies, which can subsequently reshape measurement approaches. Applying human rights approach and using method of document analysis, this research explores how the conceptualization and measurement...
he Great Barrier Reef Marine Park is widely known as one of the best-managed marine protected areas in the world. The park is divided into different management zones, the most prevalent of which are marine national park zones, which are designated as no-take, and conservation zones in which some regulated...
Tropical coastal and marine areas are popular for recreation, leisure, and tourism activities, but these activities can cause social (e.g., crowding), ecological (e.g., coral trampling), and managerial impacts (e.g., pressure on facilities). The concept of norms is one approach for examining user acceptance or tolerance of these impacts. This dissertation...
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Mark D. Needham
Tropical coastal and marine areas are popular for recreation, leisure
Because many coral-reef fishes are observable in situ, are amenable to transplantation, have small home ranges and short generation times, they provide a excellent system to investigate many topics within general ecology, fisheries biology, and conservation biology. The primary goal of this dissertation was to use the coral-reef fishes system...
This thesis is a rhetorical analysis of American newspaper coverage of Hồ Chí Minh from 1954-1969. My method is the Pragmatic Attitude, created by Elizabeth and Jay Mechling. My foci of study are the polls and letters to the editor from this same period. These foci of study are used...
Studies using the pluripotent embryonic carcinoma cell line, P19, as a retinoic acid (RA)-responsive model system have been instrumental towards our understanding of the RA-dependent signaling pathways in development and homeostasis. Grp1-associated scaffold protein (GRASP; also known as Tamalin) was first identified by our group, as a gene robustly induced...
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Mark Leid
Studies using the pluripotent embryonic carcinoma cell line, P19, as a
Like rural residents in other places, people in rural Oregon have expressed concern about the demographic shifts occurring in their communities. Principally they are concerned about youth leaving and not returning. This analysis uses recent Census Bureau data to describe, in detail, the demographic changes occurring in rural Oregon. Particular...
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Mark E. Edwards
Like rural residents in other places, people in rural Oregon have
Varying concentrations of the food preservatives nisin and lysozyme were adsorbed onto glass surfaces chemically modified to exhibit different degrees of hydrophobicity. The antimicrobial activity of the adsorbed preservatives was evaluated by documenting the ability of Listeria monocytogenes to adhere and grow on the glass surfaces. A bioluminescence protocol was...
This essay examines the low-income weatherization program in rural Oregon, shedding light on difficulties in increasing weatherization services to low-income rural households. This essay also identifies policy limitations. There are strict rules in place for utilizing Department of Energy weatherization funding and some of these rules
are likely to make...
The Narrative Policy Framework (NPF) has emerged as a method of understanding how stories and evidence are portrayed within policy arenas to support policy discussions and what end goals these policy narratives aim to meet. This study applies the Narrative Policy framework to policy narratives used to discuss and share...
Most studies suggest that LGBTQ+ young adults make up between 20 and 40 percent of the houseless young adult population (Edidin, Ganim, Hunter, and Karnik 2011; Nolan 2006). However, LGBTQ+ young adults compose only 1.3–3.8% of the general young adult population (Rosario, Schrimshaw, and Hunter 2012). Thus LGBTQ+ young adults...
A central challenge for ecology is to understand the dynamic nature of species interactions. A classic approach to community ecology assumes that individuals within a species are functionally identical and that consumer-resource dynamics can be predicted solely by using species abundances. However, one species can consist of multiple functional groups,...
Estimates of potential carbon (C) storage can be used to constrain predictions of future carbon sequestration and to understand the degree to which disturbances, both natural aid anthropogenic, affect C storage. An upper bound on C storage in the Pacific Northwest (PNW) of the United States was estimated using field...
Winter wheat is commonly grown in rotation with leguminous and non-leguminous crops in the Willamette Valley. For agronomic, economic, and environmental reasons it is important to understand the influence of previous crops on availability of N and other nutrients. Objectives of this study were: (1) to evaluate the effects of...
"The value of marine surveys in obtaining critical information on the biology of the Marbled Murrelet has recently been appreciated, largely due to the decline of the species and the need to develop recovery and management plans (Ralph et al. 1995, USFWS 1997). This report summarizes the results of 1997...
The purpose of this study is to investigate the
rhetorical strategies used by Reverend Jesse L. Jackson
from the 1970's to the 1990's. Specifically, this study
examines Jackson's use of narrative to empower himself, his
constituency, and his political ideologies without
possessing a traditional political platform. Jackson
raised political and...
Two novel and highly related C₂H₂ zinc finger proteins (CTIP1/BCL11A/EVI9 and CTIP2/BCL11B/Rit1) have been implicated in COUP-TF signaling, etiology of myeloid and lymphoid malignancies, and hematopoietic cell development. However, the precise cellular function(s) and the contribution of these proteins to neoplastic processes and hematopoietic cell development remain unknown. The goal...
The purpose of this thesis is to aid in qualitative improvements to technical support documents on the Internet. By using a generic criticism this analysis will make substantive suggestions towards the improvement of this type of document by engaging the rhetoric employed by their authors. It will discuss the history...
Molecular genetic and enzymological techniques have been employed to study secondary metabolite biosynthesis. These investigations have focused on two projects: the cloning and heterologous expression of biosynthetic gene clusters from unculturable marine organisms and the characterization of individual enzymes involved in the biosynthesis of the antifungal agent blasticidin S. The...
The phenomenon of phantom limb pain has been well documented for centuries, but little clinical work has been done to alleviate it. Physician and neuroscientist Vilayanur S. Ramachandran began researching this condition nearly two decades ago, and has discovered a promising alternative treatment: mirror-box therapy. This therapy is not yet...
Voluntary environmental programs (VEPs) have been created to encourage companies to engage in behaviors that mitigate environmental impacts (e.g., recycling, emissions reduction). Many ski areas participate in the Sustainable Slopes Program, an initiative that promotes VEPs in the ski area industry. Past research has addressed the performance of VEPs in...
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Mark D. Needham
Voluntary environmental programs (VEPs) have been created to encourage
The purpose of this study is to examine the rhetorical efforts of President George W. Bush in defending his administration's warrantless wiretapping program. Specifically, the study attempts to determine the president's underlying motives when he defended the National Security Agency in a December 2005 radio address by applying Kenneth Burke's...
Molecular genetic and enzymological techniques have been employed to study antibiotic biosynthesis. In this thesis, we studied the formation and modification of the nonproteinogenic amino acid enduracididine (End), which exists in two important antibiotics, mannopeptimycins (MPPs) and enduracidin.
Sequence analysis of the MPP gene cluster revealed that the product of...
L-pipecolic acid (L-PA) is the higher homolog of proline. It occurs naturally in
many organisms, including primates, as an intermediate in lysine degradation. The
pathway by which lysine is converted into L-pipecolic acid employs the enzyme Lpipecolate
oxidase (L-PO), and appears to be tissue specific to the central nervous system...
Many species have complex life cycles in which a dispersive larval stage is
followed by a relatively sedentary adult stage. For such species, reproductive output
is often high and large variation in survivorship throughout early life-history phases
(eggs and larvae) can lead to dramatic fluctuations in recruitment which may in...
The pharmacokinetics of two antimicrobials were investigated in alpacas. Six healthy alpacas were each administered a single dose of 10 mg/kg of oxytetracycline by IV injection and IM injection. In addition, a single dose of 20 mg/kg of florfenicol by IV administration was given to alpacas in a separate study....
Jalapeño peppers are usually consumed raw and fresh with minimal processing. They
contain antioxidants and bioactive compounds which are of human health benefits.
There have been an increasing number of reports of foodborne outbreaks attributed to
inaccessibility of sanitizers to Salmonella , E.coli and Listeria monocytogenes when
embedded in fruit...
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Mark A. Daeschel
Jalapeño peppers are usually consumed raw and fresh with minimal
Ecosystems are highly heterogeneous systems subjected to important levels of environmental variability; however, it is common in terrestrial biogeochemical models to assume homogeneous properties of the elements of the system or constant environmental conditions. For some processes, heterogeneity in these models is treated very simplistically, but there is not much...
This research investigates the physiological and transcriptional responses of Nitrosomonas europaea when exposed to chlorinated aromatic compounds and heavy metals under varying environmental conditions. It was found that transcriptional responses of identified sentinel genes correlate well with nitrification inhibition. Sorption of metals to biomass was also investigated and found not...
Despite the importance of tropical forest ecosystems in the global carbon cycle, there have been few studies of carbon dynamics in this biome. The magnitude of carbon stocks in the tropics and their changes over time are poorly known since ground-based observations are lacking. In this study, total carbon stocks...
The continued propagation of antibiotic resistance requires the development of new therapeutics. The lipopeptide antibiotic enduracidin has demonstrated high activity against Gram-positive pathogens including methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. In addition to a lack of cross-resistance with existing antibiotic classes, enduracidin has no known transferrable resistance mechanism. The development of enduracidin as...
This dissertation describes two different projects. The first is the development of an oral DNA vaccine delivery system for fish. A novel oral DNA vaccine delivery system was developed for Rainbow Trout by combining non-viral vectors (polycationic liposomes or polycationic polymer) to facilitate the DNA vaccine's uptake by cell membranes...
Alfalfa sprouts have been implicated in several salmonellosis outbreaks in recent years. Electrolysis of a NaCl solution generates, in the anode side of a two-chamber electrolyzer, acidic electrolyzed oxidizing (EO) water which contains Cl₂, HOC1, dissolved oxygen, and it is characterized by a low pH and a high oxidation reduction...
The first part of the dissertation is to evaluate the use of proposed and established equations for area under the plasma concentration versus time (AUC) for molecules undergoing nonlinear Michaelis–Menten pharmacokinetic elimination. The effects of varying Michaelis-Menten parameters, rate of drug absorption, or bioavailability on the predictability of drug exposure...
1,4-Dioxane (dioxane) is a probable human carcinogen and is often found comingled with chlorinated aliphatic hydrocarbon (CAH) contamination since dioxane is used as a stabilizer in CAH solutions. Dioxane is miscible in water, has a low K[subscript ow], low H[subscript cc], and is highly recalcitrant in the environment. The presence...
This study was part of the Antarctic Environment and Southern Ocean Study (AESOPS) program, whose main goal was to investigate the role of the biota in the carbon flux from the atmosphere to the interior of the ocean. We quantified the abundance of the major phytoplankton classes and examined the...
Lysozyme is a natural antimicrobial agent that is effective against many
food spoilage and pathogenic microorganisms by disintegrating their cell walls.
Immobilization of lysozyme has attractive applications for use in the food
industry: (1) The enzyme could be readily separated from treated foods and
beverages and re-used while the foods...
As concern over global warming intensifies, sequestration and storage of atmospheric CO2 has become an important scientific and policy issue. Confusion persists, however, over interpretation of forest carbon (C) source-sink dynamics, in part because conclusions drawn depend on temporal and spatial scales of analysis (e.g. day-week
scale vs. successional-scale), type...
1,1,1-Tricholorethane (1,1,1-TCA), a widely used industrial solvents, is one of the most common subsurface contaminants. Transformation processes in the subsurface can result in the production of 1,1-dichioroethane (1,1-DCA) and 1,1- dichioroethene (l,1-DCE) from 1,1,1-TCA contamination, resulting in plumes of mixed chlorinated aliphatic hydrocarbons (CAHs). A butane-utilizing microorganism, strain 1 83BP,...
Nitrosomonas europaea carries out the first step in the biological nitrogen removal process in wastewater treatment by oxidizing ammonia to nitrite. It has been shown to be sensitive to a wide range of contaminants. The antibiotic oxytetracycline and the heavy metals chromium and silver have been found in wastewater influent....
Heceta Bank is a large reef on the edge of the central Oregon continental shelf that supports a wide variety of commercial fisheries. Using the research submersible Delta, we studied fish abundances on Heceta Bank and the relationship between species composition of fish assemblages and bottom types. Cluster analysis indicated...
The transition between freshwater and marine environments is associated with high mortality for juvenile anadromous salmonids, yet little is known about this critical period in many large rivers. To address this deficiency, we investigated the estuarine ecology of juvenile salmonids and their associated fish assemblage in open-water habitats of the...
The diverse predatory rockfishes (Sebastes spp.) support extensive commercial fisheries in the northeastern Pacific. Although 106 species of Sebastes are considered valid, many of the ecological, geographical, and morphological boundaries separating them lack clarity. We clarify one such boundary by separating the blue rockfish Sebastes mystinus (Jordan and Gilbert, 1881)...
BACKGROUND: Cranberries (Vaccinium macrocarpon Ait.) contain high levels of phytochemicals such as proanthocyanidins (PACs). These polymeric condensations of flavan-3-ol monomers are associated with health benefits. Our objective was to evaluate phytochemicals in fruit from Hawaiian cranberry relatives, V. reticulatum Sm. and V. calycinum Sm. Normal-phase HPLC coupled with fluorescence and...
Patterns of seasonal abundance of harbor seals at Netarts and Tillamook Bays, Oregon, were documented by recording numbers of seals hauling out on tidally exposed sand flats in both bays. Harbor seal abundance at Tillamook Bay peaked during pupping (May-June) and molting (August) periods, while peak abundance at Netarts Bay...
Grass carp Ctenopharyngodon idella are sometimes used as a biological tool for managing aquatic vegetation in reservoirs. Sterile, triploid fish were stocked in Devils Lake, Oregon, during 1986, 1987, and 1993 to control aquatic vegetation. We present a case study for using multiple measures on the same fish to determine...
Temperature data received post mortem in 2008–13 from 15 of 36 juvenile Steller sea lions (Eumetopias jubatus) that had been surgically implanted in 2005–11 with dual life history transmitters (LHX tags) indicated that all 15 animals died by predation. In 3 of those 15 cases, at least 1 of the...
The Forest Service and the Bureau of Land Management propose to adopt coordinated ecosystem management direction for the lands they administer within the range of the northern spotted owl. This Supplemental Environmental Impact Statement (SETS) presents as alternatives the options, with slight modifications, developed by the Forest Ecosystem Management Assessment...
In the following pages the national forests of California are described and an account is given of their value to the public welfare and of the means and methods used by the United States Forest Service to make them contribute as much as possible, both now and in the future,...
The Tertiary geologic evolution of the Oregon and Washington continental margin was molded by episodic periods of convergence between the Pacific oceanic plates and the North American plate. This margin is the site of a deep basin that is floored by Paleocene to lower Eocene oceanic crust and contains more...
This study was designed to provide a physical and ecological analysis of paired
watersheds in the semi-arid western juniper (Juniperus occidentalis) woodlands of
Central Oregon. Instrumentation and monitoring was accomplished in Jensen and Mays
watersheds as the preliminary portion of a longer term project. Instrumentation was
designed to address changes...
Current research indicates that the expansion of
western juniper can inhibit soil water retention, storage
and prolonged releases from watersheds. This phenomenon
is of great importance in eastern Oregon, as western
juniper is encroaching into sagebrush/grass communities
with a correlated reduction in herbaceous ground cover,
resulting in reduced infiltration rates...
Can government regulations and company concerns to reduce their reputational and business risk lead to an increase in traceability programs? Are the drivers of traceability attributed to concerns over seafood sustainability, food provenance, quality and safety, fraud, and IUU fishing? These questions suggest there is a change in incentives and...
Purpose:
The purpose of this study was to identify the major contributive
factors affecting enrollment trends in secondary level agricultural
programs in Oregon and California, as perceived by Oregon and
California agricultural instructors and their respective principals.
Methods and Procedures:
A review of the literature revealed three areas that were...
The work of engineering education researchers has resulted in the development of research-based instructional strategies (RBISs) aimed at providing educators with means to increase student learning. Research has shown that there is a disconnect between the development of RBISs and their use by educators. Means to make new practices more...
The short-term duration of most ecological studies can make it difficult to capture the long-term dynamics of ecosystems and populations. Infrequent or high-impact events can be missed, or erroneously documented as baselines. Long-term ecological research enables a deeper understanding of complex processes, provides a foundation for future insights, and can...
The objectives of this project were to evaluate the efficacies of electrolyzed oxidizing (EO) and ozonated waters as antimicrobial agents for enhancing the microbiological safety of fresh strawberries (Fragaria x ananassa). The influence of sodium chloride (NaCl) concentrations used for preparing EO water was evaluated on their bactericidal activities against...
Hot-melt pan-coating, which is a novel coating method and takes 2-3 hours for 300 mg coating weight gain per capsule and tamper-resistant coating, which takes 30 minutes, is much faster than tedious sugar coating and allows greater coating weight gains in shorter times than spray-melt coating. Although hot-melt pan coating...
Sampling techniques were evaluated to quantify immature mint flea beetle (MFB), Longitrsus waterhousei Kutschera (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), on peppermint (Mentha piperita L.), in central Oregon. During the study period, 1985-1988, soil samples of 350 cm³ were effective for collecting immature MFB. Sifting soil samples through screens was effective for estimating post-feeding...
Descendants of eastern cottontails from Ohio
(Sylvilagns floridanus) introduced in Benton County,
Oregon and cottontails from Ohio were sampled and
analyzed morphometrically and colorimetrically. In
general, Oregon cottontails were smaller and lighter in
color than Ohio rabbits. Introgression and interspecific
competition with the smaller and darker colored native
brush rabbit...
Marine protected areas (MPAs) are used in ecosystem-based management (EBM) to increase the abundance and biomass of targeted species and protect their ecosystems by restricting certain human activities. Marine reserves (i.e. no-take MPAs) aim to achieve this by prohibiting harvest in the area. While MPAs are currently evaluated through assessments...
The use of petroleum oil prevented, to varying degrees: the
transmission of three stylet-borne viruses in three different crops.
The use of oils resulted in a marked improvement in the number of
lily bulbs harvested from treated plots as compared to the number of
lily bulbs harvested from untreated plots....
Vital rates and population connectivity are fundamental concepts in animal ecology and such information is critical for successful conservation planning. The Black-backed Woodpecker (Picoides arcticus) is a species of conservation concern because of its strong association with forests recently burned by high-severity wildfire. However, several recent studies have found that...
Isolates of Trichoderma spp. collected from snap bean foliage were tested for inhibition of grey mold of snap beans caused by Botrytis cinerea. In a detached blossom-pod assay an isolate of Trichoderma hamatum reduced pod rot by 94% compared to the nontreated check. Control was comparable to that obtained with...
Three studies were conducted to determine the effects of
cyclopropenoid fatty acids (CPFA) on the membrane components of livers
of rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri). In the first study, ¹⁴C-sterculic
acid was administered by intraperitoneal injection into rainbow trout
and the trout maintained for 72 hours. The labelled sterculic acid
was...