Macroinvertebrates are important for processing leaf detritus in temperate streams, but studies about their role in tropical streams often present conflicting results. Via digestive tract analyses, we assessed the diets of Phylloicus sp. larvae (Trichoptera: Calamoceratidae), collected from streams of two southeastern Brazil river basins (Araguari, Sao Francisco). We classified...
This study centered upon two objectives. First, to demonstrate and apply a statistical method, the transfer function, and to test its usefulness in regional economic modeling and regional impact ana1ysis; and second, to obtain a better understanding of the causal relationships among total employment, government employment, lumber and wood products...
Local government officials and county planners may find descriptive information concerning the economic structure of each Oregon county useful for planning for future economic development. Specifically, citizens of counties and planning districts need to know whether industries in their area are growing or declining and in which industries a comparative...
The influence of the flood pulse on fish populations has been posited, but infrequently tested or quantified. Here, we tested the effect of habitat on population size, using Prochilodus nigricans as a case study species. Floodplain habitat was based on the littoral zone area occupied by P. nigricans to feed....
The diversity of attitudes held by California community college faculty about Student Learning Outcomes (SLOs) was studied. In twelve semi-structured interviews, faculty informants explained how their work has changed as a result of increased standardization and accountability measures, how they value those changes, and how they expect the profession to...
Planning and management methods in construction need to constantly evolve to keep pace with the growing demand and complexity of work in increasingly competitive environments. This need for innovation and process improvement has attracted lean construction philosophy in industry management practice. Lean has been used in the construction industry to...
An understanding of the interactions among local environmental factors (e.g., physical habitat and water quality) and aquatic assemblages is essential to conserve biodiversity in tropical and subtropical headwater streams. We evaluated the relative importance of multiple physical and chemical habitat variables that influence the richness of Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera, and Trichoptera...
The Pacific salmon market may often be characterized by
disequilibrium conditions and less than perfect information. Thus the
study of the decision-making behavior, especially short-run pricing,
of wholesale market participants in this industry requires the use of
alternative models to the conventional, price-taking, perfect
competition model of the firm.
This...
The "unusual" behavior of agricultural land prices is the subject of considerable debate and controversy and is the object of this research. There is little doubt that land prices have been increasing steadily since 1959 and dramatically throughout the decade of the 1970's. However, there is widespread disagreement among economists,...
Wildfires pose complex challenges to policymakers and fire agencies. Fuel break networks and area-wide fuel treatments are risk-management options to reduce losses from large fires. Two fuel management scenarios covering 3% of the fire-prone Algarve region of Portugal and differing in the intensity of treatment in 120-m wide fuel breaks...
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area and wildfire risk transmission
Tiago M. OliveiraA,B,F, Ana M. G. BarrosC, Alan A. AgerD
and
Wildfires pose complex challenges to policymakers and fire agencies. Fuel break networks and area-wide fuel treatments are risk-management options to reduce losses from large fires. Two fuel management scenarios covering 3% of the fire-prone Algarve region of Portugal and differing in the intensity of treatment in 120-m wide fuel breaks...
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Wildfires pose complex challenges to policymakers and fire agencies. Fuel break networks and area-wide fuel treatments are risk-management options to reduce losses from large fires. Two fuel management scenarios covering 3% of the fire-prone Algarve region of Portugal and differing in the intensity of treatment in 120-m wide fuel breaks...
Haugh and Box (1977) and Pierce (1977) presented dynamic regression (transfer function) procedures for examining possible interrelationships among more than one time series variable. This report employs these procedures in an empirical analysis of U.S. relative lumber prices, U.S. housing starts, and U.S. log exports to Japan.
The reduction in...
Science has a critical role to play in guiding more sustainable development trajectories. Here, we present the Sustainable Amazon Network (Rede Amazonia Sustentavel, RAS): a multidisciplinary research initiative involving more than 30 partner organizations working to assess both social and ecological dimensions of land-use sustainability in eastern Brazilian Amazonia. The...
Chilodontidae is a small family of eight described characiform species popularly
known as headstanders. These small to moderately sized fishes are well known to
aquarists, who prize their striking spotted pigmentation and unusual behaviors, and to
systematists, who have revised both chilodontid genera in recent memory and studied
their phylogenetic...
Published May 1979. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
Parameters of an econometric acreage response function were estimated for barley in the Northwest using pooled time-series and cross sectional data. Barley acreage was found to be significantly affected by the price of barley, the price of wheat and wheat acreage (a proxy for the "cross-planting" substitution component of government...
Published December 1983. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
Eight species of Lathvrus (Fabaceae, Faboideae) endemic to the
Pacific Coast of North America were the subject of a systematic
investigation. Taxa studied included Lathvrus vestitus, Nutt. ex T.
& G., L. laetif lorus Greene, L.. iepsonii Greene, £,. splendens
Kellogg, L. polvphvllus, Nutt. ex T. & G., L. holochlorus...
Managers of forest and plantation ecosystems are encountering growing problems involving plant pathogens and the expanding geographic ranges of these pathogens. Historically unexposed stands are exceptionally vulnerable when a non-native pathogen is introduced because these pathogens can cause devastating disease in a host population that lacks co-evolved resistance mechanisms. One...
In the study of any developmental process, whether in plants, animals, or other models, it is prudent to consider the developmental position of the subjects being measured. This is generally not taken into consideration in grapevine studies despite a growing body of literature documenting that fruits within clusters develop and...
Conservation of Neotropical game species must take into account the livelihood and food security needs of local human populations. Hunting management decisions should therefore rely on abundance and distribution data that are as representative as possible of true population sizes and dynamics. We simultaneously applied a commonly used encounter-based method...
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Citation: Fragoso JMV, Levi T, Oliveira LFB, Luzar
JB, Overman
Reservoirs can have both positive and negative effects on differing fish species depending on the species concerned and reservoir morphology, flow regime, and basin location. We assessed the influence of limnological zones on the ichthyofauna of three large Neotropical reservoirs in two different river basins. We sampled fish through use...
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and consequently
on the chemical and physical features of rivers (Oliveira et
al., 2003; Britto and
Forty-five non-lactating, pregnant Holstein animals (18 heifers and 27 multiparous cows; BW = 561±114 kg;
BCS = 2.9±0.3; days pregnant = 110±56 d) were stratified by initial BW and BCS, and randomly assigned to receive daily (as-fed
basis) 0.50 kg of ground corn plus 0.22 kg of kaolin (CON), calcium...
Most studies dealing with the use of ecological indicators and other applied ecological research rely on some definition or concept of what constitutes least-, intermediate- and most-disturbed condition. Currently, most rigorous methodologies designed to define those conditions are suited to large spatial extents (nations, ecoregions) and many sites (hundreds to...
Red clover (Trifolium pratense L.) seed yield can be affected by plant growth regulators (PGR) and irrigation; however, the effects of these factors on physiological maturity (PM), harvest maturity (HM), and seed quality are unknown. The objectives of this study were to: 1) determine how irrigation and trinexapac-ethyl (TE, a...
Global environmental change is causing local extinctions of species. When species depend on one another, as in the mutualistic relationship between plants and pollinators, loss of one interaction partner may cause cascading effects within the community – such as additional extinctions and reduced pollination services. Network theory provides a way...
Global biodiversity decline is primarily driven by habitat loss. Deforestation, the primary driver of terrestrial habitat loss, is increasing worldwide, with the most significant impact in the world biodiversity hotspots. Sadly, specific knowledge of such impacts in biodiversity-rich but data-poor countries are still unknown, and many national and regional narratives...
Multiple outbreaks of foodborne illness (Salmonella and E. coli O157:H7) have been associated with tree nuts and tree nut products since the early 2000s. In response to these outbreaks and many others in fresh produce and peanut butter, Congress created and passed the Food Safety Modernization Act (FSMA) to require...
This dissertation is separated into two parts according to the two major distinct research projects. In Part I, the full account of synthetic studies toward C10-functionalized lycopodium alkaloids is described. In Part II, the detailed discussion on the exploration of the Pummerer cyclization methodology and its application to the total...
Archaeological investigations at the Cooper's Ferry site in Western Idaho have recovered cultural remains dating to 16,000 years ago, suggesting the oldest human occupation recorded in North America. However, many archaeologists have argued the initial peopling of North America occurred no earlier than the opening of an ice-free corridor between...
Advances in sensor technology are greatly expanding the range of quantities that can be measured while simultaneously reducing the cost. However, deployed sensors drift out of calibration and fail, so every sensor network requires quality control procedures to promptly detect these failures. To address these problems, we propose a two-level...
In light of water scarcity and the impacts of climate change, there is an increased need to understand the interaction between land use characteristics and ecohydrologic processes in semiarid regions. Additionally, many semiarid and arid regions face various land management challenges, including woody plant encroachment, decreased snowpack, and increased stream...
In recent years, unoccupied aircraft systems (UAS) have become increasingly affordable and straightforward to incorporate in monitoring applications of forested ecosystems. This shift has facilitated interest in using these tools to monitor aspects of forest ecosystems including vegetation health, forest structure and composition, and potential habitat provided by these systems....
Cell death is a process of dying within biological cells that are ceasing to function. This process is essential in regulating organism development, tissue homeostasis, and to eliminate cells in the body that are irreparably damaged. In general, dysfunction in normal cellular death is tightly linked to cancer progression. Specifically,...
Background: Uterine inflammation (e.g., endometritis) causes negative economic effects in the beef industry by reducing reproductive performance. Current treatments for endometritis in beef cattle involve hormones and antibiotics, which can be expensive and are often ineffective. The endometrial immune response regulates the release of cytokines and chemokines in response to...
The study of the effects of diethyldithiocarbamate (DEDTC) in some diseases is in focus for many years. However, DEDTC is a metal chelator that can present neurotoxicity as side effects. Here we investigate the effect of DEDTC on brain Zinc (Zn) content and behavior. To address this issue we used...
Landscape and site-scale data analyses aid
the interpretation of biological data and thereby help
us develop more cost-effective natural resource management
strategies. Our study focused on environmental
influences on stream assemblages and we
evaluated how three classes of environmental variables
(geophysical landscape, land use and cover, and
site habitat), influence...
Plant-pollinator mutualisms are one of the most prevalent and economically important mutualisms in nature. Like many other ecological systems, plant-pollinator communities are threatened by anthropogenic activity, both directly (e.g., habitat conversion and fragmentation) and indirectly (e.g., climate change). While we are aware of many of the activities that adversely impact...
Forest composition in Paraguay has been in a state of change for the past half century due to land management practices, forest fragmentation, and deforestation for agriculture. How these factors affect dendrological diversity and wood anatomy in Paraguay is not well understood. This thesis documents Paraguayan forest composition on the...
The impact of yeast on the aroma and flavor of Vitis vinifera L. cv. 'Pinot Noir' wine was investigated. Due to the presence of naturally occurring yeast and bacteria on grapes and wine equipment, and the influence these microorganisms have on wine, a means of eliminating microorganisms from grape must...
Bees provide critical pollination services to diverse agricultural crops, native plants and trees. Globally, there are reports of bee declines which have been attributed to diseases, exposure to pesticides and changes in land use that are believed to have led to a reduction in foraging resources and nesting habitats for...
Intravenous regional limb perfusion (IVRLP) with tiludronate is a commonly used treatment for distal limb orthopedic disease in horses, but doses and protocols are anecdotal. IVRLP exposes articular cartilage within the perfused area to tiludronate, raising concerns about safety of this treatment, as high tiludronate concentrations (≥19mg/L) were harmful for...
Due to a growing body of literature documenting declines in pollinator populations, there has been increased public interest in pollinator conservation. In urban and suburban landscapes, many gardeners and urban land managers are interested in gardening for pollinators, particularly bees. Simultaneously, many homeowners and municipalities are interested in other aspects...
Given the many significant roles that bacteria play in modern food manufacturing, it is crucial that we have a fundamental understanding of how bacterial communities assemble and behave in the food manufacturing environment. The focus of this dissertation was to investigate both the spatial and temporal distributions of microbial communities...
The first total syntheses of triptobenzene T, vitexifolin C, 4-epi-triptobenzene L, triptobenzene L, and nepetaefolin F have been accomplished through an enantioselective, common intermediate approach and have enabled the confirmation and/or establishment of the absolute stereochemistry of each natural product synthesized. Application of three new and/or underutilized Pummerer reaction pathways...
It is estimated that for every 1 kg of cheese produced, approximately 9 kg of whey is created. For smaller producers something needs to be done to keep it out of water ways and potentially to valorize it. However, access to efficient secondary whey processing to isolate protein and lactose...
Postpartum uterine inflammation (endometritis) is not uncommon in beef cattle, resulting in infertility and culling. Prolonged calving may contribute to the increased incidence of endometritis in heifers. Commonly used methods to treat endometritis in beef cattle include intrauterine antibiotics and/or hormone injections, which can result in meat residues. Platelet rich...
Montane meadows comprise less than 5% of the landscape of the western Cascades of Oregon, but they provide habitat for diverse species of plants and pollinators. Little is known about plant-pollinator network structure at these sites. This study quantified plant-pollinator interactions over the summer of 2011, based on six observations...
The production of Cheddar cheese is a complex process with multiple potential sources of undesirable bacteria, including those that have negative impacts on product quality (spoilage organisms) and those that are used to evaluate sanitary conditions in the production environment (indicator organisms). The dairy industry commonly uses coliform bacteria as...
Agriculture is now facing the ‘perfect storm’ of climate change, increasing costs of fertilizer and rising food demands from a larger and wealthier human population. These factors point to a global food deficit unless the efficiency and resilience of crop production is increased. The intensification of agriculture has focused on...
Standard larval Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas) rearing systems can be described as either static or continuous flow. While rearing oyster larvae in static cultures can be a low-cost and simple method, static systems require significant husbandry effort, floorspace and can produce highly variable results due to environmental variance among cultures....
Environmental archives provide records of natural and anthropogenic variation in the environment at different temporal and spatial scales. Lead (Pb) concentrations and isotopic ratios are useful tracers of anthropogenic emissions from industrial activities including mining, smelting, and leaded gasoline use, however, methods of measuring Pb are largely limited in low...
Small-scale fisheries account for at least 40 percent of global fisheries catch, 90 percent of the people employed along capture fisheries value chains operate in small-scale fisheries, and 45 million women participate in small-scale fisheries globally. The past few years have brought warnings from policymakers and resource managers about risks...
Mold growth on cheddar-style cheese, though not a food safety issue, causes significant loss to the industry due to consumer rejection. For this reason, it is common for at-risk products, such as cheese shreds, to be coated with the mold inhibitor natamycin. While highly effective at extending shelf-life, preferences for...
Management strategies to prevent overfishing while achieving optimum yield vary according to the available data and life history of the fished stock. I evaluated two sets of management strategies for Pacific coast rockfish: strategies to set harvest limits for data-poor stocks, and strategies intended to protect the age structure of...
This work investigates the acoustic velocity of gas-liquid mixtures in vertical, co-current flow in a concentric annulus. Acoustic velocity shows promise as a detection parameter for the presence and amount of gas in a liquid flow because of its high sensitivity to gas void fraction in a gas-liquid mixture. However,...
Western juniper (Juniperus occidentalis) encroachment has been associated with negative ecological and hydrological consequences including reductions in herbaceous production and diversity, deterioration for wildlife habitat, and higher erosion and runoff potentials. As a result, western juniper removal is a common and accepted rangeland management practice. Although studies evaluating the ecological...
Advances in forest carbon mapping have the potential
to greatly reduce uncertainties in the global carbon
budget and to facilitate effective emissions mitigation strategies
such as REDDC (Reducing Emissions from Deforestation
and Forest Degradation). Though broad-scale mapping
is based primarily on remote sensing data, the accuracy of
resulting forest carbon...
We describe a new algorithm for robust principal component analysis (PCA) of electromagnetic (EM) array data, extending previously developed multivariate methods to include arrays with large data gaps, and only partial overlap between site occupations. Our approach is based on a criss-cross regression scheme in which polarization parameters and spatial...
Lifestyle factors are responsible for a considerable portion of cancer incidence worldwide, but credible estimates from the World Health Organization and the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) suggest that the fraction of cancers attributable to toxic environmental exposures is between 7% and 19%. To explore the hypothesis that...
Prostate cancer risk is significantly lower in Asian countries compared to the US, which has prompted interest in the chemo-preventative action of dietary components such as soy and green tea commonly found in Asian diets, such as soy and green tea. Studies have suggested that soy isoflavones and green tea...
A great potential for increasing upland rice production exists in
the savanna soils of Colombia. These vast areas are currently
underutilized. However, they have good soil structure, flat
topography, coupled with sufficient and well distributed rainfall,
making savanna soils ideal for upland rice cropping system. The major
constraints to upland...
The complex, dynamic nature of microbial communities in both natural and engineered environments complicates the work of scientists and engineers who wish to channel microbial interactions for societal good. The successful management of these communities towards engineering goals is dependent on developing predictive linkages between community structure and functional outputs....
Green sea turtles, Chelonia mydas, have endangered and threatened populations globally, but several populations show signs of population recovery. In Hawaii, nesting female green turtles have increased 5.7% year⁻¹ since 1973, but wide fluctuations in census counts of nesting females make recovery diagnosis difficult. For effective management planning, it is...
As new cost-effective cultivation methods are needed for macrophytic red algae, this experiment expands upon a previously studied land-based approach. The experiment aimed to determine how the fluid dynamics of a previously researched land-based method affected the growth of the macrophytic red alga, Gracilaria Vermiculophylla. A clonal culture of G....
Developmental bisphenol A (BPA) exposure is associated with adverse behavioral
effects, although underlying modes of action remain unclear. Because BPA is a
suspected xenoestrogen, the objective was to identify sex-based changes in adult
zebrafish social behavior developmentally exposed to BPA (0.0, 0.1 or 1 μM) or one of
two control...
Rainfall runoff erosivity (R) is one key climate factor that controls water erosion. Quantifying the effects of climate change–induced erosivity change is important for identifying critical regions prone to soil erosion under a changing environment. In this study we first evaluate the changes of R from 1970 to 2090 across...
The genus Lichnanthe Burmeister contains eight extant and one
fossil species which are strictly nearctic in distribution. The
subfamily Glaphyrinae, however, is distributed nearly world-wide.
Five species were previously described and three are described as
new herein. All eight extant species are described in detail herein,
synonomies are made current,...
The seasonal climate drivers of the carbon cycle in tropical forests remain poorly known, although these forests account for more carbon assimilation and storage than any other terrestrial ecosystem. Based on a unique combination of seasonal pan-tropical data sets from 89 experimental sites (68 include aboveground wood productivity measurements and...
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Camargo18, Fernanda C. G. Cardoso19, Fabrício Alvim Carvalho20, Wendeson Castro21, Rubens
Koloski Chagas22
The seasonal climate drivers of the carbon cycle in tropical forests remain poorly known, although these forests account for more carbon assimilation and storage than any other terrestrial ecosystem. Based on a unique combination of seasonal pan-tropical data sets from 89 experimental sites (68 include aboveground wood productivity measurements and...
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The seasonal climate drivers of the carbon cycle in tropical forests remain poorly known, although these forests account for more carbon assimilation and storage than any other terrestrial ecosystem. Based on a unique combination of seasonal pan-tropical data sets from 89 experimental sites (68 include aboveground wood productivity measurements and...
Published April 1977. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
The role of evapotranspiration (ET) in the global, continental, regional, and local water cycles is reviewed. Elevated atmospheric CO₂, air temperature, vapor pressure deficit (D), turbulent transport, radiative transfer, and reduced soil moisture all impact biotic and abiotic processes controlling ET that must be extrapolated to large scales. Suggesting a...
This thesis presents the steps that were taken to develop thematic findings using data from a qualitative study. Using a grounded approach, the study focused on qualitatively exploring Mexican origin caregivers' conceptualizations of elder caregiving in terms of role functioning, social norms, cultural beliefs, and familial obligations. Data collected from...
The skins of two white wine grape pomace (WWGP) and three red wine grape pomace (RWGP) from US Pacific Northwest were analyzed for their dietary fiber (DF) and phenolics composition. DF was measured by gravimetric-enzymatic method with sugar profiling by HPLC-ELSD. Insoluble DF composed of Klason lignin (7.9-36.1% DM), neutral...
Five genotypes from California (Ventana, Caniarosa, San Miguel, 13G97, and Venice) and Oregon (Totem, Puget Reliance, Puget Summer, Hood and Independence) were evaluated for quality. The volatile compounds were analyzed using head space solid phase micro extraction-gas chromatography-flame ionization detection (GGFID) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Odor activity values of...
Recent studies have demonstrated that some hormones are present in baleen powder from bowhead (Balaena mysticetus) and North Atlantic right (Eubalaena glacialis) whales. To test the potential generalizability of this technique for studies of stress and reproduction in large whales, we sought to determine whether all major classes of steroid...
Contaminants are ubiquitous in the environment, often reaching aquatic systems. Combinations of forestry use pesticides have been detected in both water and aquatic organism tissue samples in coastal systems. Yet, most toxicological studies focus on the effects of these pesticides individually, at high doses, and over acute time periods, which,...
Drones provide a privileged birds’-eye view for collecting high-resolution imagery formorphometric and behavioral sampling of animals. Biologically meaningful measurements extracted from overhead images require an accurate estimate of altitude, but current commercial drones include inaccurate barometer estimates. Recent proposals for coupling altimeter systems to drones have provided customized, open-source solutions,...
It is well established that the choice of yeast used to perform wine fermentation significantly influences the sensory attributes of wines; different yeast species and strains impart different profiles of esters, volatile fatty acids, higher alcohols, and volatile sulphur compounds. Indeed, choice of yeast remains one of the simplest means...
Background:
Abscisic acid (ABA) regulates various developmental processes and stress responses over both short (i.e. hours or days) and longer (i.e. months or seasons) time frames. To elucidate the transcriptional regulation of early responses of grapevine (Vitis vinifera) responding to ABA, different organs of grape (berries, shoot tips, leaves, roots...
Free and open access to satellite imagery and value-added data products have revolutionized the role of remote sensing in Earth system science. Nonetheless, rapid changes in the global environment pose challenges to the science community that are increasingly difficult to address using data from single satellite sensors or platforms due...
The potassium status of selected soils from central and eastern Oregon, that have shown a wide range in response from potassium was investigated. The silt and clay minerals were identified using X-ray crystallography. The potassium extracted by water, NH₄OAc, and HNO₃ was evaluated on the total soil and on the...
Vibrio parahaemolyticus is a human pathogen which is prevalent in marine environment. Consumption of raw or undercooked seafood contaminated with V. parahaemolyticus can cause foodborne illness. This study investigated the application of probiotics in depuration for reducing V. parahaemolyticus in raw Pacific oysters (Crassostrea gigas) and the utilization of green...
Low-frequency acoustic signals generated by baleen whales can
propagate over vast distances, making the assignment of calls to
specific individuals problematic. Here, we report the novel use of
acoustic recording tags equipped with high-resolution accelerometers
to detect vibrations from the surface of two tagged fin whales that
directly match the...
Little is known about viruses associated with Antarctic animals, although they are probably
widespread. We recovered a novel polyomavirus from Adélie penguin (Pygoscelis adeliae) faecal
matter sampled in a subcolony at Cape Royds, Ross Island, Antarctica. The 4988 nt Adélie
penguin polyomavirus (AdPyV) has a typical polyomavirus genome organization with...
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., ... &
Ainley, D. G. (2015). Identification of an avian polyomavirus associated with Adélie
penguins