One of the roots of the global problem of HIV/AIDS is the shame associated with an HIV diagnosis. Because it can be transmitted sexually, HIV is stigmatized. Even though there are many routes of transmission that would not cause embarrassment, many times the public view is uncompassionate towards its victims,...
The purpose of this study was to explore the relationships between weight stigma consciousness, perceived body appearance, social physique anxiety, and the health outcomes of physical activity levels and eating behaviors. Select precursors were also examined. These relationships were based on Harter's model of self-worth. Two-hundred fifteen adults with a...
Having excess weight carries a negative social stigma in the U.S. Previous research has shown that experiencing stigma has negative physical and mental health consequences. Few studies have examined how experiencing weight stigma might act as a barrier to engaging in healthy behaviors among older adults. The purpose of this...
Little is known about how people living with HIV in low prevalence contexts face the challenges of stigma and
discrimination. Low prevalence and rural communities are unique environments in which HIV-related stigma
and discrimination may be intensified due to lower tolerance of differences among people and greater fear of
HIV....
Objective: To explore patient perspectives on the role of personal growth-related risk taking in
the recovery process, and to identify social stigma’s role when consumers approach and evaluate
new endeavors. Methods: 177 Kaiser Permanente Health Plan members participated in a mixedmethods
study of recovery among individuals with serious mental illness...
Period poverty is the inability to access menstrual products and more generally the lack of knowledge surrounding menstruation. About one in ten undergraduates suffer from period poverty, a number that almost doubles for first-generation students (Haneman, 2021). Previous research and current legislation aimed at addressing period poverty largely revolve around...
Nuclear energy is very efficient and cost-effective, but the stigma attached to it hinders its expansion around the world. However, with rising concerns over climate change and the fact that nuclear energy effectively has zero greenhouse gas emissions, there is an opportunity for nuclear to be more acceptable as a...
This dissertation aims to provide a comprehensive portrayal of doula care in the lives of pregnant and parenting adolescent mothers. The purpose of this research was to examine the relationships between psychosocial stress, social support, institutionalized constraints, and their impacts on health and well-being among adolescent mothers in the Northwestern...
Adolescence is a developmental stage marked by crystallization in individuals’ sense of identity (Erikson, 1994; Harter, 1999). Research on positive youth development stresses the ways in which thriving trajectories during adolescence contribute to positive lifelong outcomes (Lerner & Overton, 2008; Scales, Benson, & Roehlkepartain, 2011) A symbolic interactionism perspective (Mead,...
As part of the 2019 Botswana Global Health Internship Program, a qualitative study was conducted to identify the components key to the development of a comprehensive sexual and reproductive health education program to be implemented at the Junior Secondary School in Maunatlala, Botswana. The study was based on the principles...
According to the World Health Organization’s (WHO) Tuberculosis Annual Report of 2014, from the 9 million cases worldwide, China has about 11% of these cases. Although the control of TB has improved over the years, China still has the second leading highest Tuberculosis epidemic in the world. Using literature reviews...
Tanzania has seen a steady decrease in HIV prevalence over the past decade; however, the current HIV prevalence is 4.8% among Tanzanian adults. HIV testing is the first step in the treatment cascade and is key to getting those living with HIV in Tanzania linked to care and reducing their...
There is a lack of research surrounding people with facial differences (FD), particularly on how their FD identity is interwoven with their other identities and how they relate to it. With a note on how it relates to their experience of stigma. This study is designed to utilize the narratives...
Individuals who are parents and students on TANF experience challenges accessing and persisting in higher education. This study explored the experiences of TANF recipients who are navigating a return to higher education and the impact of college on how they construct a future self. Two theoretical frameworks were used to...
PURPOSE: To describe and compare the occurrence and co-occurrence of physical activity (PA), play, and object-related behaviors in toddlers with and without disabilities.
METHODS: Participants included 23 toddlers (21 with typical development (TD) and 2 with disabilities). Direct observation was used to describe the type and level of PA, play...
Since the Industrial Revolution, surface ocean pH has declined due to the input of anthropogenically derived carbon dioxide, termed ocean acidification. Examinations of phytoplankton physiology in the face of changing pH are becoming more important as anthropogenically-driven pH decreases in the surface ocean progress (termed ocean acidification). Previous research has...
The lead Renovation, Repair, and Painting Rule and
the Consumer Product Safety Improvement Act, both enacted in 2008, were
intended to protect children from exposure to lead by setting federal limits
on lead content. Neither of these federal actions, however, addresses a newly
recognized pathway of exposure to lead from...
Water quality impacts both human and ecosystem health. Many pharmaceuticals and personal care products are considered contaminants of emerging concern (CEC) due to their bioactive properties. Among these, metformin—the most commonly prescribed drug for treatment of type 2 diabetes—has been reported at high concentrations (μg L⁻¹) in stream, lake, and...
Disability is an emerging field within public health; people with significant disabilities account formore than 12% of the US population. Disparity status for this group would allow federal and state governments to actively work to reduce inequities. We summarize the evidence and recommend that observed differences are sufficient to meet...
En mayo de este año, la Revista Panamericana de Salud Pública dedicó un número especial a promover el proceso más reciente de reforma de salud en Ecuador como un caso exitoso en la región. En el artículo editorial, la directora de la Organización Panamericana de la Salud (OPS), Carissa Etienne,...
BACKGROUND: The relationship between arsenic and birth weight is not well understood.
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the causal relationship between prenatal arsenic exposure and birth weight considering the potential mediation effects of gestational age (GA) and maternal weight gain (MWG) during pregnancy using structural equation models (SEMs).
METHODS: A prospectively enrolled...
Menstrual health and hygiene insecurity is a global health issue people across the world face, particularly in developing countries. According to the World Bank, an estimated 500 million lack access to adequate menstrual products, and “to effectively manage their menstruation, women and girls require access to water, sanitation, and hygiene...
Supplementary materials included in the follow review:
Shen, X., & Masek, L. (2023). The playful mediator, moderator, or outcome? An integrative review of the roles of play and playfulness in adult-centered psychological Interventions for mental health. The Journal of Positive Psychology. 10.1080/17439760.2023.2288955
The estimation of the economic status of individuals and their households is central to much work in epidemiology and the social sciences. Wealth is a key determinant of health and social achievement and an indicator of well-being in its own right. For this reason, the development and testing of novel...
The data gathered for the study of the health status of freshmen
at Oregon State University were derived by an analysis of health history
records. These were obtained from the Oregon State University
Health Service. The years sampled were 1930, 1940, 1950 and 1960;
300 freshman male and 300 freshman...
Published May 1996. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
Published September 1992. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
On February 11, 1998, the U.S. Forest Service (USFS) requested that a representative of NIOSH conduct a health hazard evaluation (HHE) to evaluate and compare timber marker's (also called Forestry Technicians) exposures to a new waterborne formulation of tree marking paint developed for use by the U.S. Forestry Service. NIOSH...
Despite recognition in the literature that adolescence
represents a relatively high-risk developmental period for
health-risk behaviors, only limited attention has been given
to the subjective meanings adolescents assign to such
behaviors. One potentially fruitful avenue to explore in
understanding the adolescent perspective on health-risk
behaviors is the use of word...
This thesis pursues a flexible understanding and definition of
dis/ability as a broadly and liberally applied mark of stigma. It asks questions that develop a deeper understanding of how disability influences mētis, a knowledge or cunning use of the body. Through this framework of mētis, this thesis explores technologies as...
An interagency project demonstrated the feasibility of integrating Federal surveys of terrestrial natural resources and offers a vision for that integration. At locations selected from forest inventory and analysis, National forest system Region 6, and national resources inventory surveys in a six-county area in Northern Oregon, experienced teams interpreted and...
State and federal aid payments to local governments have grown explosively over the last fifteen years. One reason for this growth is that the donor governments can alter a local government's budget choices through grants. Grants have not remedied social problems, however, because the local governments' responses to grants were...
What constitutes quality of learning in primary care? A
social systems view of that central question regards the
relationships between dimensions of learning, purposes of
primary care, and quality of practice. The question of
learning quality was approached in three ways. First,
perceptions of learning quality were elicited through
recorded...
BACKGROUND: Arsenic is an epigenetic toxicant and could influence fetal developmental programming.
OBJECTIVES: We evaluated the association between arsenic exposure and DNA methylation in maternal and umbilical cord leukocytes.
METHODS: Drinking-water and urine samples were collected when women were at <= 28 weeks gestation; the samples were analyzed for arsenic...
Background: Few studies examining the associations between long-term exposure to ambient air pollution and mortality have considered multiple pollutants when assessing changes in exposure due to residential mobility during follow-up.
Objective: We investigated associations between cause-specific mortality and ambient concentrations of fine particulate matter (≤ 2.5 μm; PM₂.₅), ozone (O₃),...
Published February 1981. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
Background: Arsenic is an immunotoxicant. Clinical reports observe the reactivation of varicella zoster virus (VZV) in people who have recovered from arsenic poisoning and in patients with acute promyelocytic leukemia that have been treated with arsenic trioxide. Objective: We evaluated the association between arsenic and the seroprevalence of VZV IgG...
Background: When conducting research with American Indian tribes, informed consent beyond conventional institutional review board (IRB) review is needed because of the potential for adverse consequences at a community or governmental level that are unrecognized by academic researchers. Objectives: In this article, we review sovereignty, research ethics, and data-sharing considerations...
BACKGROUND: Chronic exposure to arsenic is associated with skin lesions. However, it is not known whether reducing arsenic exposure will improve skin lesions.
OBJECTIVE: We evaluated the association between reduced arsenic exposures and skin lesion recovery over time.
METHODS: A follow-up study of 550 individuals was conducted in 2009-2011 on...
The present study explores the topic of Multiracial Identity Development and how parents play an important role in the identity development of children. The role of parents becomes crucial for parents of Multiracial children as they transmit cultural values, beliefs, language, and practices. Although models of racial identity development exist,...
Background: Prenatal mercury (Hg) exposure is associated with adverse child neurobehavioral outcomes. Because Hg can interfere with placental functioning and cross the placenta to target the fetal brain, prenatal Hg exposure can inhibit fetal growth and development directly and indirectly. Objectives: We examined potential associations between prenatal Hg exposure assessed...
BACKGROUND: Half the world’s population lives in urban areas. It is therefore important to identify characteristics of the built environment that are beneficial to human health. Urban greenness has been associated with improvements in a diverse range of health conditions, including birth outcomes; however, few studies have attempted to distinguish...
BACKGROUND: Bisphenol A (BPA) is one of the most prevalent chemicals in daily-use materials; therefore, human exposure to BPA is ubiquitous. The estrogenicity of BPA is generally mediated by nuclear estrogen receptors (ERs). However, low concentrations of BPA stimulate seminoma cell proliferation by an uncertain mechanism that does not involve...
On January 5, 2000, the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) received a request for a health hazard evaluation (HHE) from the United States Forest Service (USFS), Region 6, Office of Natural Resources. The request listed nausea, rashes, headaches, and dizziness as symptoms reported by Foresters who use...
Background: There is increasing epidemiologic evidence that arsenic exposure in utero, even at low levels found throughout much of the world, is associated with adverse reproductive outcomes and may contribute to long-term health effects. Animal models, in vitro studies, and human cancer data suggest that arsenic may induce epigenetic alterations,...
Mental health issues such as depression are increasingly prevalent in college students. However, research on disparities in mental health problems in students of color in college has been limited. In the present study, we used the Healthy Minds Study (HMS) data collected on mental health of college students from 2018-2019...
Reprinted January 1984. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
There is a great deal of evidence that altered sphingolipid metabolism is associated with fumonisin-induced
animal diseases including increased apoptotic and oncotic necrosis, and carcinogenesis in
rodent liver and kidney. The biochemical consequences of fumonisin disruption of sphingolipid
metabolism most likely to alter cell regulation are increased free sphingoid bases...