Production of fresh produce takes place outdoors, and therefore, is exposed to many routes of contamination (e.g., soil, contaminated water, manure, etc.) by human pathogens. Although precautions are taken to reduce this risk, pathogens can be regularly introduced to produce handling facilities. To manage the risk of cross-contamination from potentially...
Centerline rumble strips (CLRS) have proven to be a cost-effective safety measure in reducing lane departure crashes. However, there are often unintended consequences associated with the installation of CLRS, particularly in rural mountainous areas or snow zones. These consequences include the accumulation of water and ice on the roadway and...
Density-independent and density-dependent variables both affect the spatial distributions of species. However, their effects are often separately addressed using different analytical techniques. We apply a spatially explicit regression framework that incorporates localized, interactive and threshold effects of both density-independent (water temperature) and density-dependent (population abundance) variables, to study the spatial...
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grateful for partial support from the North Pacific ResearchBoardthe US National 353
Science Foundation
Multiobjective Decision Making (MODM) has been
suggested for the solution of complicated decision
problems. Decision analysis in numerous areas, including
industrial energy and environmental planning, necessarily
requires consideration of multiple conflicting
objectives. MODM has been successfully applied to
a number of these problems of this type. Moreover, it
has the...
Freshwater ecosystems in the mid- to
upper-latitudes of the northern hemisphere are particularly
vulnerable to the impact of climate change as
slight changes in air temperature can alter the form,
timing, and magnitude of precipitation and consequent
influence of snowmelt on streamflow dynamics. Here,
we examine the effects of hydro-climate,...
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).
Thus, based on previous research examining the
ecological tolerance of Plecoptera (Baumann, 1979
Cold soaking is a technique used during red winemaking to alter the aroma, flavor, and phenolic content of a wine. However, cold soaking does not come without risk, as this process can result in the production of spoilage compounds such as acetic acid and ethyl acetate if excessive growth of...
In theory, evolutionary modularity allows anatomical structures to respond differently to selective regimes, thus promoting morphological diversification. These differences can then influence the rate and direction of phenotypic evolution among structures. Here we use geometric morphometrics and phenotypic matrix statistics to compare rates of craniofacial evolution and estimate evolvability in...
The objectives of this study include an attempt to determine what broad fields of education are most essential to the welfare of Orissa in the light of her intense current problems. It must suggest definite goals and areas for study by the adults of the province. Some development of the...