Entomology is the study of insects. This 4-H project will help you learn about insects, how they live and their importance. You will also learn about other animals and plants and the earth. You will learn many things about nature that will make your life more interesting and perhaps find...
Published August 1977. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
You will find the study of insects to be interesting and rewarding. This manual has been prepared to serve as a source of information concerning basic concepts in entomology. It will show you how to reach certain objectives and how to make and use equipment useful in learning about insects....
Oregon is a wonderful state. Forested land is found in every region. It's good to know about the types of plants and land use that dominate your home state. The goals of the Oregon 4-H Forestry Project are to give factual, science-based information about forests and to give you a...
Published April 2008. Reviewed October 2013. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
Revised January 2005. Reprinted July 2005. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
Stem mapping of all trees greater than 15 cm dbh has
been completed on the 10.24 hectare watershed (No. 10) at H. J.
Andrews intensive study site. Using a 25 m grid system, mapping
of vegetation into 7 plant communities and then into 4 habitat
types has also been completed....
The OSU Government Relations Office provides periodic updates that describe events in Washington, DC and Salem. These updates include insights on how budget and policy decisions at the state and federal level will affect OSU and are issued once or twice a month, depending on the level of activities in...
Ocean island basalts (OIB) with extremely radiogenic Pb-isotopic signatures are melts of a mantle component called HIMU (high µ, high ²³⁸U/²⁰⁴Pb). Until now, deeply dredged submarine HIMU glasses have not been available, which has inhibited complete geochemical (in particular, volatile element) characterization of the HIMU mantle. We report major, trace...
This thesis is concerned with the design of an external
multiplication package which can be utilized as an I/O device
with a PDP-8/L computer. The multiplier and multiplicand are
assumed to be 12 bit integers. The 24 bit product can be
transferred back to the accumulator of computer 12 bits...
By studying the linker histone/DNA complex in vitro, our goal was to
gain further insight into the interaction of these histones in chromatin structure,
which, in turn, helps us in better understanding critical biological processes such
as replication, transcription, and recombination. In direct competition
experiments, we have confirmed previous results...
CALTRANS does not currently allow Portland-Limestone Cements (PLC) to replace Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) in concrete. PLC has been proposed for consideration in CALTRANS specifications due to potential benefits in reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. This report outlines a comprehensive plan to provide both experimental and computational analysis results to...
The continuous development of higher performing battery materials has emerged in parallel with the development of new manufacturing processes. Nanomaterials are one solution to addressing the cycling and performance challenges that limit existing battery cells. However, many of the methods used today for nanomaterial synthesis are high temperature batch methods...
Piloting a commercial aircraft involves performing multiple tasks in a real-time
environment that require pilot's attention and cognitive resource allocation. Due to resource
limitation, pilots must perform cockpit task management (CTM) because they cannot perform
all tasks that demand their attention at once. Hence, pilots must prioritize the tasks in...
A cost reduction analysis is performed by coordinating
the exchange of LANDSAT (formerly ERTS) data between a CDC
3300 and a PDP8/L minicomputer. The LANDSAT data is displayed
on a 4002 Tektronix terminal by means of a grayscale output.
Large amounts of data and number manipulation are processed
in the...
The Energy Frontier Research Center (EFRC) for
Solid-State Lighting Science (SSLS) is one of 46 EFRCs initiated in
2009 to conduct basic and use-inspired research relevant to energy
technologies. The overarching theme of the SSLS EFRC is the
exploration of energy conversion in tailored photonic structures. In
this article we...
My work has focused on using density functional theory to elucidate mechanisms of organocatalytic and transition metal catalyzed reactions by considering competing mechanisms. In each of the three presented studies computational investigation complemented experimental work by predicting stereoselectivity or revealing origins of stereo, regio, or chemoselectivity.
A study on the...
Most of the policy debate surrounding the actions needed to mitigate and adapt to anthropogenic climate change has been framed by observations of the past 150 years as well as climate and sea-level projections for the twenty-first century. The focus on this 250-year window, however, obscures some of the most...
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ReadMe
This file contains data used in Figures 1, 2 and 4, as well
Nine feeding trials and four laboratory scale experiments were conducted in this study. The study consisted of: (1) use of grass straw:corn juice (CJ) silages with fishmeal and/or alfalfa hay supplementation in beef heifers, sheep, pregnant dairy heifers, water buffaloes and Hereford cows; (2) use of cull onions:grass straw silages...
Damage estimates to the built environment from tsunamis are important for disaster mitigation, including planning emergency response and recovery. This dissertation evaluates the damage states of buildings in a small urban coastal city, Seaside, Oregon, from tsunami hazards generated by a Cascadia Subduction Zone (CSZ) event. This study is separated...
Published June 1928. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
Estimates of heritability and associations of tiller number,
seed number, seed weight, and seed yield were determined in two
groups of tall fescue. Group E was early maturing and had eight
parental clones, while group I was intermediate in maturity and had
nine parental clones. The parents and five progeny...
Ambifunctional axially chiral 2,2',6,6'-tetrasubstituted biphenyls containing nucleophilic (or basic) functional groups juxtaposed with hydrogen-bond donors were synthesized and their properties studied. Applications for the prepared biaryls as potential organocatalysts for enantioselective carbon-carbon bond forming reactions were examined. Processes investigated included: aldol, Michael, nitroaldol (Henry), and Baylis-Hillman reactions.
The novel amidoamine...
This study centered upon two objectives. First, to demonstrate and apply a statistical method, the transfer function, and to test its usefulness in regional economic modeling and regional impact ana1ysis; and second, to obtain a better understanding of the causal relationships among total employment, government employment, lumber and wood products...
Convergent evolution is common throughout the tree of life, but the molecular mechanisms
causing similar phenotypes to appear repeatedly are obscure. Yeasts have arisen in multiple
fungal clades, but the genetic causes and consequences of their evolutionary origins are
unknown. Here we show that the potential to develop yeast forms...
Climate change models are predicting increased frequency and severity of droughts in arid and semiarid environments, and these areas are responsible for much of the world's livestock production. Because cattle (Bos taurus) grazing can impact the abundance, distribution, and ecological function of native plant and animal communities, it is important...
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, 2) yearly rainfall vari-
ability, 3) pasture characteristics, and 4) cattle behavior.
Behavior was
Background:
Mapping and map-based cloning of genes that control agriculturally and economically important traits remain great challenges for plants with complex highly repetitive genomes such as those within the grass tribe, Triticeae. Mapping limitations in the Triticeae are primarily due to low frequencies of polymorphic gene markers and poor genetic...
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adaptation. Nature.
2013;496:91–5.
4. Ling HQ, Zhao S, Liu D, Wang J, Sun H, Zhang C, et al. Draft genome of
Mat-forming “ground layers” of mosses and lichens often have functional impacts disproportionate to their biomass, and are responsible for sequestering one-third of the world's terrestrial carbon as they regulate water tables, cool soils and inhibit microbial decomposition. Without reliable assessment tools, the potential effects of climate and land use changes...
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1.2223
4 16 41483 2013 Rhylor P m 38.5 39.19 5 400 47.358 1.2058
5 16 41483 2013 Leuaca P m 70.1 69.95
In this study, uncoupled and coupled ocean–atmosphere simulations are carried out for the California Upwelling System to assess the dynamic ocean–atmosphere interactions, namely, the ocean surface current feedback to the atmosphere. The authors show the current feedback, by modulating the energy transfer from the atmosphere to the ocean, controls the...
Biomass gasification is a promising way to obtain green energy, but the gas composition makes it unsuitable for use in traditional technologies (i.e., IC engine). Gas purification over nickel and/or iron catalysts is an attractive alternative. Cellulose-based carbon aerogels (CAGs) have shown suitable physical chemical properties for use as catalyst...
The Easter Seamount Chain and Nazca Ridge are two of the most conspicuous volcanic features on the Nazca plate. Many questions about their nature and origin have remained unresolved because of a lack of geochronological and geochemical data for large portions of both chains. New ⁴⁰Ar⁻³⁹Ar incremental heating age determinations...
Hydrographic and optical measurements were made in situ in the Congo River and the Angola Basin during May 1978. These measurements were made by members of the optical oceanography group at Oregon State University in cooperation with scientists from the Netherlands Institute for Sea Research. The data taken by the...
Understanding the mechanism of resistance, relative fitness and competitiveness of herbicide resistant biotypes is important to predict population dynamics and to establish resistance management strategies. This study was conducted to determine the level of resistance to acetolactate synthase (ALS) inhibitors and the mechanism of resistance of ALS-inhibitor resistant downy brome...
Results from vegetation management trials involving horticultural crops conducted during the past year are compiled and reported by faculty members of the Oregon Agricultural Experiment Station, the Oregon State Extension Service, and colleagues who cooperated from adjacent states along with local enterprises. This work was conducted throughout Oregon and involved...
Polybenzimidazoles were synthesized from 3, 3', 4, 4'-tetraminobiphenyl
(diaminobenzidine, or DAB) with orthoesters, carboxylic acid derivatives (an ester and
an acid) and with m-benzenedialdehyde. The products were of low molecular weight,
as evidenced by low inherent viscosity, except in the case of the dialdehyde plus DAB.
The product of that...
Recent turbulence measurements over a small bank on the continental shelf off Oregon reveal a previously undetected site for intense mixing of the coastal ocean. The flow is hydraulically controlled and turbulence diffusivities over the bank are more than 100 times greater than estimates made on the shelf away from...
The sweet potato is one of the world’s most widely consumed crops, yet its evolutionary history is poorly understood. In this paper, we present a comprehensive phylogenetic study of all species closely related to the sweet potato and address several questions pertaining to the sweet potato that remained unanswered. Our...
Transcription factor (TF) genes were modified endogenously to include epitope tags for identification of TF protein binding sites by Chromatin Immunoprecipitation (ChIP), followed by high throughput sequencing. We used RNA-sequencing in carbon sources of sucrose, butyrate, and oleate in far-1, far-2, and a double far-1; far-2 mutant to find transcripts...
We achieve a series of distinct broadband third-harmonic generation (THG) signals at the amorphous glass–air interface attributed to third-order and cascaded third-order nonlinear processes. A novel THG laser sideband arises
from cascaded interaction between fundamental pulses and the cascaded four-wave mixing signals. The spatially
separated THG sidebands with distinct spectral...
Total length and biomass of fungal mycelium in the soil of a young Douglas-fir stand in the central Oregon Coast Range were estimated over 27 months with the agar-film technique. In a second study, phenology and taxonomy of hypogeous (belowground) sporocarps were studied over 32 months in a nearby, young...
The discovery of the methylerythritol phosphate pathway (the MEP pathway) as an alternate pathway for isoprenoid biosynthesis in some organisms including most bacteria, malarial parasites and plants, but not in animals, has stimulated extensive studies in this area. Research has revealed the potential of finding novel antibacterials, antimalarial drugs, and...
Spreading livestock and poultry manure on crop and pastureland is a way to reclaim the value of the plant nutrients in manure. This practice is the most popular and widely recommended way to utilize these manures. Nitrogen and phosphorus are the nutrients of greatest value in manure and are the...
The purpose of this study was to identify significant differences
in body composition, body cathexis, and attitudes toward obesity
of women in various age groups involved in different levels of physical
exercise.
A total of 216 women, ranging in age from 17 to 64, took part in
this study. They...
The OSU Government Relations Office provides periodic updates that describe events in Washington, DC and Salem. These updates include insights on how budget and policy decisions at the state and federal level will affect OSU and are issued once or twice a month, depending on the level of activities in...
In this thesis, I present a new method we developed to study low frequency (< 700 cm⁻¹) vibrational dynamics: Time-resolved third-harmonic generation (TRTHG) spectroscopy. Among a variety of vibrational spectroscopy techniques, TRTHG differentiates itself with robustness, versatility, and simplicity. In TRTHG experiment, that involves only two ultrashort laser pulses, the...
The needs and markets for aerial photography have grown
steadily with the increasing demands for improved resource
management (Kodak, 1985, 2 & Simonett, 1983, 1). Aerial
photography within the Willamette Valley could provide researchers
and professionals with a broad range of data in disciplines such as
agriculture, forestry, geology, and...
A series of compounds, 7-8 and 20-25, were tested as competitive inhibitors of 2,5-dihydroxyacetanilide epoxidase I (DHAE I) and DHAE II. A Hammett plot was constructed for each enzyme to determine the effect of electron density on inhibition. DHAE I gave a linear, highly correlated plot (r²=0.91) that signifies the...
The fecal flora of healthy bottle or breast-fed infants was
examined for the presence of Bifidobacterium. Identification was
based on the presence of fructose-6-phosphate phosphoketolase,
which is found only in these bacteria. No bifidobacteria were
recovered from bottle-fed infants. However, bifidobacteria were
readily isolated from 15 day to 3 month...
Several approaches to interpreting the Cascadia paleoseismic record are
used to derive relationships between fault area, slip, and moment and to compare the
results with the scaling relationships determined by Somerville et al. (2015) for recent
subduction-zone events. In two models (CA12a and CA12b), taken from Goldfinger
et al. (2012),...
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4, 23–44.
Goldfinger, C., C. H. Nelson, A. Morey, J. E. Johnson, J. Gutierrez-Pastor, A.
T
A study of the relative rates of benzylic hydrogen abstractions
from a series of meta and para substituted neopentylbenzenes by the
bromine radical and trichloromethyl radical at 70°C has been carried
out. Application of the Hammett equation yields p values of -0.75
for the bromine atom and -0.94 for the...
The low-level baroclinic eddy activity seen in the NASA Ames Mars General Circulation Model (MGCM) for simulations under three annual dust cycles are characterized. Simulations were conducted with both radiatively active and radiatively inert clouds (RAC and non-RAC, respectively) for 11 continuous annual cycles for each dust case. Model results...
Examination of a proposed reaction scheme to prepare bicyclo-(2.2.0)hexan-1-ol produced the first known condensation of an
enamine with its carbonyl precursor. Hydrolysis of the resulting
dienamine gave an unusual conjugated cyclobutenone in which the
double bond is exocyclic. Characterization and reactions of the
cyclobutenone were successfully carried out.
The study was designed to determine the effect of doctoral
study upon the marriages of doctoral students.
The sample for the research was drawn from the total population of married doctoral students enrolled in Oregon State University/Western Oregon State College's School of Education and Oregon
State University's College of Home...
Anthropogenic carbon dioxide emissions are causing ocean acidification (OA) and ocean warming, which have negative effects on the larvae of many marine invertebrates. Oregon pink shrimp (Pandalus jordani) currently encounter upwelling events that can result in pH values as low as 7.6, and, more recently, marine heat waves that raise...
The new CMOS folded source-coupled logic (FSCL)
technique intended for mixed-mode integrated circuits has
been designed. It has advantages over conventional CMOS
circuit in terms of reduced current spike, circuit delay,
logic flexibility, and layout density. A simple CPU
implemented in 2 μm CMOS technology with a 5.0 volt supply...
The mass transfer of oxygen to water has been studied in a mixing pool with two plunging jets having a variable distance between
them. A closed system with recycle stream was used to reduce the
complexity of the mass transfer process in the system. An on-line
oxygen probe was used...
The grand plan of carbon neutralization and COP26 in Glasgow require a quick shift of energy sources from conventional fossil fuel to a more renewable substitute such as wind, or solar energy. However, the intermittency of those renewable energy sources does not meet the demand of the energy, which requires...
A mechanism by which long planetary waves in the ocean may propagate significantly faster than the classical long baroclinic Rossby waves is investigated. The mechanism depends on the poleward thickening of intermediate density layers and the concomitant thinning of near-surface and deep layers. These features of the mass distribution are...
Methane hydrates and biohydrogen are two disparate subjects that are of interest in the growing field of alternative energy research. However, before commercial use becomes a viable option, each has challenges that need to be overcome. Methane hydrates require large investments of time and capital to locate. In this thesis,...
Horizontal tow measurements of internal waves are rare and have been largely supplanted in recent
decades by vertical profile measurements. Here, estimates of isotherm displacements and turbulence dissipation
rate from a towed vehicle deployed near Hawaii are presented. The displacement data are interpreted
in terms of horizontal wavenumber spectra of...
Observations of mixing over the continental slope using a towed body reveal a great lateral extent (several kilometers) of continuously turbulent fluid within a few hundred meters of the boundary at depth 1600 m. The largest turbulent dissipation rates were observed over a 5 km horizontal region near a slope...
The thesis examines the applicability of a two-dimensional flow acceleration model to describe a terrain-induced flow perturbation as measured at Yaquina Head on the central Oregon coast. The geometry of Yaquina Head together with the upstream wind values were used in estimating hilltop winds. These estimates compare well with the...
This study sought to chronicle the increased presence of the
foreign athlete in NCAA Division I track and field and to assess the
competitive motivations of American and foreign track and field
athletes. Recruiting pipelines, as well as the successes of foreign
athletes on U.S. university track and field teams,...
The effects of testosterone were studied on the tropical fish, Cichlasoma bimaculatum. Growth experiments were designed to determine how testosterone influenced the food consumption and growth of fish. Starvation experiments were designed to show the effects of testosterone on the basal rate of utilization of body energy stores and to...
Community births are defined as a planned home or birth center birth. Today, the majority of births in the U.S. occur in the hospital, but the U.S. has the highest maternal mortality rates of any developed country. Although community births have comparable outcomes, there is an extreme preference for hospital...
The purpose of this narrative inquiry study was to describe the lived experiences of librarians and how they provided support and innovation for community college OER programs. Examining the experiences of librarians as innovators sought to understanding how best practices developed for OER programs. It further sought to examine how...
The purpose of this study was to compare the myocardial structure and
function among endurance athletes (n.12), powerlifters/steroid users (n=5),
powerlifters/non-steroid users (n=6), and sedentary controls (n=4).
All subjects had a M-mode echocardiographic examination of their left
ventricles under resting conditions. The echocardiographic measurements
recorded and analyzed were of the...
ABSTRACT
Improved Fumigants
Chioropicrin, Vorlex and Vapam continue to control internal decay of
pressure-treated Douglas-fir poles 12 years after application. Fungitoxic quantities
of chloropicrin are present in the wood as high as 2.4 m (8 feet) above
the groundline. Solid methylisothiocyanate (MIT), which goes directly to a vapor,
is somewhat...
The purpose of this study was to examine the physical activity patterns of older
adults with intellectual disabilities (ID) in comparison with younger adults with
ID and older adults without ID. A sample of 109 participants was included in the
study. Sophisticated data reduction, time stamped technology, and multiple objective...
Brazil's economic strategy has shifted hesitatingly during the last several decades from one of producer protection to trade competitiveness. Exploiting the variations these shifts have afforded, we use a sequence of decennial agricultural censuses to examine Brazilian policy implications for agricultural competitiveness and efficiency. Total factor productivity is decomposed into...
Large river basins integrate the signal of water from atmospheres to oceans. Climate change is widely expected to alter streamflow and potentially disrupt water management systems. We tested the ecological resilience -- capacity of headwater ecosystems to sustain streamflow under climate change – and the engineering resilience – capacity of...
This study re-examines how variations in market power
across industries affect the relative number of females and
males hired in a given occupation. The study builds upon
similar work done by Sharon Oster (1975) to examine the female
to male wage differences. Both market power and human capital
factors such...
The Seventh Annual James A. Vomocil Water Quality Conference was planned after three topics had been selected as being of particular interest. Wetlands, Best Management Practices, and Riparian Zone Effectiveness were the topics. Speakers were invited who by virtue of their training, their experience, or their work assignment had insights...
Escherichia coli 16S-like ribosomal RNAs from
eubacterial, archaebacterial and eukaryotic organisms have
several universally conserved sequence zones which are
proposed to be single-stranded. A clear function for all
of these regions has not yet been defined. To evaluate the
roles of these sequence zones in protein synthesis,
knowledge of their...
A three-dimensional large-eddy simulation (LES) model was used to examine how stratified flow interacts with bottom obstacles in the coastal ocean. Bottom terrain representing a 2D ridge was modeled using a finite-volume approach with ridge height (4.5 m) and width (~30 m) and water depth (~45 m) appropriate for coastal...
L-pipecolic acid (L-PA) is the higher homolog of proline. It occurs naturally in
many organisms, including primates, as an intermediate in lysine degradation. The
pathway by which lysine is converted into L-pipecolic acid employs the enzyme Lpipecolate
oxidase (L-PO), and appears to be tissue specific to the central nervous system...
The problem of a fixed rectangular structure of unit width in a
train of simple harmonic normally-incident waves is modeled. The solution
allows for variable (1) length and draft of structure, (2) differing
depths in the three (fore, aft, and beneath the structure) distinct
regions, and (3) wave period. The...
Communities all rely to some degree upon residents to serve in and lead the local organizations that make those communities vital. Recognizing barriers experienced by specific groups helps community leaders identify why various groups do not participate. Using data from the 2000 Social Capital Benchmark Survey, this analysis examines perceived...
Topographically generated eddies and internal waves have traditionally been studied separately
even though bathymetry that creates both phenomena is abundant in coastal regions. Here a numerical
model is used to understand the dynamics of eddy and wave generation as tidal currents flow past
Three Tree Point, a 1 km long,...
Many communities emphasize participatory involvement in local development or reinvention efforts. Recognizing barriers among specific groups could help community leaders identify what may be constraining underrepresented groups from joining in. Utilizing data from the Social Capital Benchmark Survey, this research examined identified “barriers” to community involvement among individuals in rural...
This project explored the feasibility of using fungi in a constructed wetland
for the treatment of pulp mill effluent. The effluent is high in dissolved
lignins (some of which are chlorinated), which have proven very difficult to
degrade biologically. Mindful of work done with the (terrestrial) white rot
fungi, especially...