A publication containing advice on a wide range of gardening topics, including composting, container gardens, fall/winter gardens, fertilizing, insect pests, plant diseases, planting guidelines, raised beds, site selection, slugs, soil improvement, tilling, warm-season crops, watering, and weeds. Includes regional tips for various parts of Oregon.
This dissertation has two objectives. The first objective is to determine where best to situate the study of mentoring (i.e. the 'making of scientists') on the landscape of the history of science and science studies. This task is accomplished by establishing mentoring studies as a link between the robust body...
John Archibald Wheeler (09 July 1911- ) is a familiar name to physicists and historians of physics alike. Among his many contributions to the corpus of knowledge, in 1939 John Wheeler and Niels Bohr co-authored the first paper on the generalized mechanism of nuclear fission. Beyond that seminal work, Wheeler...
Drought events have been shown to impact species distributions and are predicted to increase in frequency as the climate changes. As this occurs, ecologists predict species distributions will shift dependent upon species ability to track climate. These shifts in species distribution are expected to be particularly acute in arid and...
Drought is expected to increase in many parts of the world and has been shown to affect tree physiology and growth, with seedlings being particularly vulnerable. Seedling drought responses are often species dependent, and even within species different populations may demonstrate a spectrum of responses to drought, from susceptibility to...
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Barbara Lachenbruch
Drought is expected to increase in many parts of the world and has been
Bruno Latour’s Facing Gaia provokes us to embrace our Earthboundedness to approach the problematic political ecologies of the Anthropocene. Latour’s call for the Earthbound is to re-trace networks of society, institutions, and meaning and to challenge, as enemy, those that would continue to behave as if we lived on more...
Provides information about complexity of watersheds. Outlines ways to form partnerships, to develop strategies for enhancing watershed resources, and to implement enhancement projects.
Later maturing cultivars and increased ability to apply irrigation have led to inquiries by producers about proper irrigation management in tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) seed crops. The literature reveals little information about irrigation of perennial grass seed crops in general, and none about tall fescue in particular. Willamette Valley...
This thesis describes 1) development of a gastric retention device (GRD) to
increase gastric retention time of certain drugs, 2) product formulations of an immediate
release itraconazole and controlled-release ketoprofen. GRD was fabricated from crosslinked
carbohydrate polymers. Rate and extent of hydration of the film in water and in
simulated...
Roots of greenhouse-grown peppermint (Mentha piperita L.) and spearmint (Mentha spicata L.)
plants and in vitro-grown shoot cultures were inoculated with Verticillium dahliae conidial suspensions to
study symptom development, detection, and elimination of the V. dahliae. There were significant
differences in the symptom expression of control and infected shoot cultures...
Exotic ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa Doug. ex Lawson) plantations are being planted within the natural distribution area of cordilleran cypress (Austrocedrus chilensis (D.Don) Pic. Ser. et Bizzarri) in Patagonia, Argentina. The productivity of these exotic plantations is much greater than that of native forests, suggesting greater water use. Before these...
Steel moment-resisting frames (MRFs) are widely used in the United States to resist seismic forces. MRFs have many advantages, including architectural versatility, vetted member and connection detailing requirements, and high ductility for special MRFs (SMRF). However, MRFs require large members to meet story drift criteria. Moreover, strong-column-weak-beam requirements can result...
In 1959 Kitagawa discovered and isolated the amino acid,
canavanine. Since its discovery much interest has been centered on
this amino acid because of its biological aspects; e.g. canavanine has
been shown to inhibit the growth of bacteria, viruses, protozoa, and
cancer cells.
The occurrence of canavanine is widespread in...
Although 4- and 5-diacetamidopyrimidines have been reported
in the literature within the past eleven years, it was not until 1965
that a 2-diacetamidopyrimidine was reported. The current investigation
was undertaken to determine whether other 2-diacetamidopyrimi-dines could be synthesized and what the effect of various nuclear substituents would be on the...
An oral Vibrio vaccine for salmonids was developed.
The vaccine was produced by spray coating lyophilized
formalin-killed whole cells of Vibrio anguillarum (VA LS 1-
74) onto non-pareil sugar beads. Then methacrylic acrylic
acid copolymer (Eudragit L-30D) was applied as an enteric
protective coating.
Using x-ray radiographic techniques, it was...
Canopy structure has a significant impact on the canopy hydrology of
Douglas-fir forests in the Pacific Northwest (PNW). Whole canopy rainfall
interception was measured for young Douglas-fir forest and compared to an
old-growth Douglas-fir forest. The old-growth forest had significantly greater
canopy water storage capacity (5) and direct throughfall fraction...
The goal of this dissertation was to improve our understanding of age-related constraints on aboveground production of forest trees. Previous research suggesting that carbon uptake of old trees is hydraulically constrained by tree size was used as the
springboard for this research. Three specific working hypotheses were investigated: 1) compensation...
The purpose of this research was to examine the ability of the cold water, green, marine, macroalga Acrosiphonia coalita to take up and metabolize polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) from seawater. Axenic suspension tissue cultures of the alga were contacted with seawater containing PAH in sealed experimental vessels. Uptake time courses...
Prior to onset of the breeding season, a ration containing 18.4 mg/kg N-(Ethylmercuri)-p-toluene sulphonanilide was fed to 6 male and 16 female ring-necked pheasants (Phasianus colchicus). Birds
receiving the mercury-treated ration were separated from the opposite sex. After receiving the mercury-treated ration for 0, 2, 4, 8, or 16 days,...
Regulation of cell division and expansion are critical for plant development. The mechanisms that control these processes are not clearly understood in higher plants. In other eukaryotic models it has been shown that the highly conserved Rho family GTPases play a crucial role in these mechanisms. One distinct subset of...
One of the most important components in the safety analysis of a nuclear reactor is its critical heat flux (CHF), as it can compromise the structural integrity of the clad and lead to the release of fission products into the primary coolant. Groeneveld et. al. has published a series of...
The study investigated the prescription drug
purchasing behaviors of independent retail pharmacies,
and selected pharmacy characteristics which may be related
to purchasing behaviors. The purchasing function
was considered as a major area of concern for independent
pharmacies in attempting to improve operating efficiencies,
particularly in view of increased competition
from...
One kilometer Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) observations for Terra (morning) and Aqua (afternoon) satellites were used to follow the morning to afternoon evolution of marine stratocumulus clouds that were affected by ship stack exhaust. The observations covered the summer months of 2002-2003 and August 2007 for marine layers off...
Given the current state of our oceans, the Pew Oceans Commission (1993) has strongly recommended that increased efforts be made towards ocean literacy. Informal education and outreach programs like the Whale Watching Spoken Here program are important contributors to life-long learning. However, there is little research looking at how these...
This paper presents an investigation of the power needs and
impedance-matching techniques involved when heating small charges of
relatively high-resistivity semiconductor materials. Topics of discussion
also include a brief section on the theoretical basis for
zone refining, relative merits of resistance and induction heating,
travel mechanism requirements, and work coil...
Over the past ten years, reports of piracy and other forms of maritime violence have been dramatically on the rise. As these reports increase, so too does international attention toward how to solve this. This thesis examines the development of cooperative maritime security efforts in both Southeast Asia and the...
This research is an effort to appraise the results of the 1963
legislation, especially in terms of the spatial aspect. Has it achieved
the desired purpose? How many, and what size of farms are involved?
Where are these farms located?
The research field work resulted in a definitive map showing...
In recent years almost all states have legislated educational
and licensing programs to protect the welfare and property of citizens
engaged in outdoor recreational pursuits. Such programs exist
for automobile, motorcycle, airplane, and snowmobile operators.
However, boating continues to be one of the major recreational outdoor
activities where operators of...
Experiments were conducted to compare differences in P uptake
characteristics between two winter wheat cultivars Stephens and
Yamhill (Triticum aestivum L) as related to root morphologies.
Root length, root surface area and mean root radius were compared.
Plant roots and shoots were separately analyzed for P content.
The cultivars were...
Oxidative stress that occurs during cryopreservation may be reduced by the addition of antioxidants. Vitamin E (Vit E), Vitamin C (Vit C), glutathione (GSH), lipoic acid (LA), glycine betaine (GB) and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) were applied at four steps of the PVS2 vitrification protocol (pretreatment, loading, rinsing, and regrowth). Shoot tips...
The characterization of the seismic performance of structures relies on numerical simulations. However, estimates of seismic response are subject to various sources of uncertainty, including modeling uncertainty. This research estimated the response of two full-scale structural specimens composed of a moment resisting frame, elastic spines, and force-limiting connections (FLC), which...
While real-time hybrid simulation has been utilized for structures subjected to seismic events for decades, its use in fluid-structure interaction problems is still a novel endeavor. Gathering data for cascading seismic and tsunami events is difficult due to space constraints in existing experimental facilities, complications regarding the application of scaling...
Many diseases cause a heavier burden on women than on men; however, treatment guidelines are based largely on data on men (NCBI, 2012). It becomes obvious that certain differences in genetics between men and women account for specific sex-related diseases, but there is too spare research focus on that issue....
Rubus seed characteristics; seed coat morphology, anatomy, germination requirements and dormancy were studied in order to define protocols for breaking seed dormancy. Morphological analysis of the seed coat (testa) using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) included 56 seed accessions of 10 subgenera preserved in the collections of the US Department of...
Traditional braced frames are an efficient and economic means of resisting seismic demands. However, braced frames are prone to story mechanisms, which can result in concentrations of demands and damage during seismic events. Including steel strongbacks in conjunction with traditional braced frames can mitigate story mechanisms. The SBF results in...
The Quartz Mountain Obsidian Quarry is located in the Southeast corner of the
Bend Fort Rock Ranger District in central Oregon, approximately forty-five miles
southeast of Bend, Oregon.
The research of the Quartz Mountain Obsidian Quarry began with a literature
search of other quarry sites in the area and the...
Annual applications of fresh or composted dairy manure were assessed for their effects on root rots of sweet corn and snap bean and damping-off of cucumber in a field soil. Soil biological and physical properties were measured as possible indicators of root rot suppressive potential. Regardless of amendment type or...
The purpose of this study was to explore some of the factors White
educators need to teach Black students effectively. It examined what role the
race of the teachers may play in Black students' academic success and whether
White teachers are able and willing to meet the educational needs of...
It is well known that water transport in xylem depends on its anatomy, but recent research shows that water transport through different parts of the growth ring are affected by the water potential in different ways. The goal of the project was to learn the extent to which wood morphology...
The purpose of this study was to determine if the inferences derived from
the Kingore Observation Inventory as a screening device are sufficiently valid for
the identification of potentially gifted youngsters. Differences in predicting the
WISC-III Full Scale IQ scores and/or percentile ranks using the KOI were
assessed.
The value...
This dissertation arose out of an awareness of difficulties undergraduate linear algebra students encounter when solving linear algebra problems from novel, non-isomorphic settings, even when the problems could be solved with matrix representations and similar procedures as problems from a more familiar setting. This mixed-methods study utilized both traditional and...
Stands of Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii ssp. menziesii Mirb. (Franco)) near the Oregon Coast are showing signs of growth reduction from the foliar pathogen Phaeocryptopus gaeumannii that causes Swiss Needle Cast (SNC) disease. To better understand the mechanisms of needle drop through disease, and to learn the degree of variability in...
The purpose of this study was to investigate third year college students' transfer of learning of the concepts of eigenvalues and eigenvectors from the winter term physics courses to the interviews in which they participated before, during, and after these courses. Transfer of learning of each student was explored
by...
Located on the central Oregon coast, the Umpqua Eden site (35D083) yielded an artifact assemblage which is one of the five largest assemblages from the Oregon coast. The first aspect of the site that I looked at is the people who lived at the site, the ancestors of the Confederated...
For several years researchers have investigated how teachers’ beliefs
impact a classroom. Equally important to consider when striving to improve
education are the beliefs held by the students. College Algebra is an important
class for many collegiate students, and gaining an insight into their beliefs about
mathematics and desires for...
This thesis examines prehistoric land use patterns of the entire North Santiam subbasin, located on the western slopes of the Oregon Cascade Range. The objective of this analysis is three-fold: 1) to contribute to reconstructing the cultural chronology of the area; 2) to address the use of raw material by...
An overarching explanation for environmental degradation has been humans' disconnection from the natural world. Utilizing Whiteheadian theory, I offer that there is no disconnection. Rather, I propose that there is a dearth of relational acknowledgement. I suggest that the Cartesian dualism and modern science led to an illusory belief that...
This study is a review of the researcher's deliberate strategies for
incorporating Latino culture into the teaching of a Spanish language course.
The researcher developed, presented and assessed a curriculum unit
designed to examine the social and educational problems of Latinos, the history
of Latin America, the effects of discrimination...
Time is the educational resource educators most desire, but which is
in shortest supply. Educators cannot add more days to the 12-month
calendar year, or minutes to the day. Whatever control is to be had over the
calendar and clock rests in the way time is managed by those in...
Time-course growth chamber studies were conducted on little mallow
(Malva parviflora L.) to determine whether sublethal doses of lactofen
(1'-(carboethoxy)ethyl-5-[2-chloro-4-(trifluoromethyl) phenoxy]-2-
nitrobenzoate) would enhance uptake of glyphosate (N'-(phosphonomethyl)
glycine) by altering membrane permeability. Lactofen-induced membrane
peroxidation was determined by harvesting leaf discs, measuring stress
ethylene evolution, and recording increases in...
A severe wildfire burned 454 hectares of a second-growth Douglas-fir forest
in 1977 on a north-facing slope in Pattee Canyon, near Missoula, Montana. The
slope was aerially seeded with a grass mixture, from which Dactylis glomerata
established best. Community structure, conifer regeneration, and the impact of the
seeded grass on...
In the equatorial Pacific Ocean, earthquakes are used as an indicator of tectonic stress for normal faults in the Galapagos Spreading Center, transform faults along the East Pacific Rise and thrust faults in the Middle American subduction zone. Linkages between seafloor tectonic processes and oceanographic and lunar conditions were explored...
The purpose of this study was to answer the following question: What was the
perceived value to planners of incorporating information from ecotourists about their
perceived needs in the standard system presently being used to plan interpretation?
The Ecotourist Needs Assessment (ETNA) process was proposed as an external needs
assessment....
Spore dispersal gradients and pod disease gradients from point
inoculum sources of Botrytis cinerea were measured over time in two
snap bean field experiments. Laboratory grown inoculum was placed
at ground level in a 30 x 30 cm square at bloom initiation and
removed at full bloom. Dispersal of inoculum,...
Red raspberry, Rubus idaeus L., is a valuable crop for the U.S. Pacific Northwest and clonal propagation is required to produce disease-free plants and for germplasm preservation. One challenge of red raspberry micropropagation is the wide variation in growth response among the cultivars. The studies described in this dissertation were...
Argos-tracked drifters are used to study the near-surface circulation in
the Santa Barbara Channel. The mean consists of a cyclonic cell in the western
Santa Barbara Channel with weaker flow in the eastern Channel. Drifter mean
velocities agree well with record means from near-surface current meters. At
the eastern entrance...
A temporal record of oxygen and NO3- concentrations in the bottom water of the Santa Barbara Basin indicates that outside waters spill over into the basin seasonally. It is proposed that an annual bottom-water cycle leads ultimately to varve production.
As evidence in support of a benthic mechanism for varve...
A population of the Douglas-fir cone moth, Barbara colfaxiana
(Kft. ), was studied on the Buckhead Seed Production Area, Oakridge,
Oregon, during 1971 and 1972. A method of estimating cone and
insect populations is presented. Factors contributing to the mortality
of B. colfaxiana are discussed, with resinosis being the critical...
A mesoscale model is used to examine the dynamics of northwest flow over the Santa Barbara Channel region.
Three cases are considered, each characterized by typical summertime synoptic conditions, but with differences
in pressure gradient strength and marine boundary layer depth (MBL). The first case examines a relatively deep
MBL...
Pharmacokinetics (PK) is the study of the transit of drug into, within and removal from the body to reveal how the body acts on a drug when it is taken. There are four major areas in PK: absorption, distribution, metabolism and elimination. Pharmacokinetics research can be separated into two areas:...
Eliciting information from experts for use in constructing prior distributions for logistic regression coefficients can be challenging. The task is especially difficult when the model contains many predictor variables, because the expert is asked to provide summary information about the probability of “success” for many subgroups of the population. Often,...
Intravenous regional limb perfusion (IVRLP) with tiludronate is a commonly used treatment for distal limb orthopedic disease in horses, but doses and protocols are anecdotal. IVRLP exposes articular cartilage within the perfused area to tiludronate, raising concerns about safety of this treatment, as high tiludronate concentrations (≥19mg/L) were harmful for...
Contrasted to the rich body of literature on ill children in
medical settings, well children's reactions to routine health care has
drawn little attention. This study assessed healthy children's under
standing of their bodies, medical procedures, and how this knowledge
relates to their behavior during routine health care. The study...
The assessment of optimum nitrogen (N) fertilizer need for winter wheat (Triticum
aestivum L.) is important for economic and environmental sustainability. A comprehensive understanding of fertilizer N requirement depends on estimation of the quantity of N needed by the crop versus that supplied by soil.
The objectives of this study...
The phenomena known as "phosphorus-induced zinc deficiencies"
are poorly understood. Conclusions drawn from research efforts
designed to identify the mechanism of the phosphorus-zinc interaction
are, in many cases, incompatible. Similarities in the data from
a number of literature reports of "phosphorus-induced zinc deficiencies"
have led to the development of the...
My objectives were to investigate the correlation of height and diameter growth in young Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii) plantations with stand density, and to determine the effects of stand density on the canopy boundary layer conductance (g[subscript]ac) and microclimate characteristics of young Douglas-fir plantations. I measured annual height (h) and diameter...
In-vitro plants in slow-growth storage must be routinely evaluated for repropagation
and assessment of viability. It is often difficult to determine plant health by visual
assessment due to variation in growth patterns and plant structure among genera. In
order to evaluate cold-stored germplasm, laboratories need more effective approaches for
viability...
Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco), a shade intolerant species, and western hemlock (Tsuga heterophylla (Raf.) Sarg.), a shade tolerant species, were compared to learn more about the temporal pattern of release from suppression in both species, whether hydraulic architecture or photosynthetic capacity constrain release and how wood functional properties change...
A micropropagation system was developed for hazelnut cultivars and
rootstocks. Culture establishment was affected by explant source, explant collecting
season, and type of explant. The highest frequency of culture initiation and lowest
tissue oxidation and contamination were obtained from internodes with single axillary
buds from grafted greenhouse-grown plants early in...
Wine has recently been shown to be a possible protective agent against
microbial foodbome illness. The chemical environment of wine makes it difficult, if
not impossible, for microorganisms to survive. The low pH, high concentration of
organic acids, relatively high ethanol concentrations, and the potential for high levels
of sulfur...
Bacterial contamination is one of the most important problems
both in plant tissue culture research and commercial laboratories. Early
detection of contaminants saves time, effort, and money. Strawberry
runner explants were screened for contaminants during June to August,
1994 and 1995. Most contaminants found were bacterial rather than
fungal. Bacterial...
Genetic stability of micropropagated and cold-stored Fragaria x anannasa cultivar
'Pocahontas' was evaluated by Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) assay.
Plantlets grown for eight months on M & S medium with 5 μM and 15 μM N6-
benzyladenine (BA) were analyzed. No evidence of mutations was seen in over 200...
This study was conducted to describe variation of riparian vegetation in an Oregon Coast Range system according to geomorphic characteristics and in relation to streamflow. Specific objectives of this study were to: I) examine if the vegetation composition and structure of the riparian forest varied among channel-reach morphologies, 2) examine...
The availability of new pear rootstocks could be increased by development of an efficient micropropagation system. Many P. calleryana, P. betulifolia and P. communis rootstocks are resistant to many pear diseases and are graft compatible with leading cultivars. Explains of three potentially useful rootstock selections P. calleryana Decne 'OPR 157',...
Two studies used DNA markers to assess their usefulness in germplasm identification and evaluation of genetic stability in four cryopreserved Rubus accessions that were stored for over 10 years in liquid nitrogen. In the first study, 12 robust Simple Sequence Repeat (SSR) markers were developed from two microsatellite-enriched libraries of...
Warming of the terrestrial biosphere due to the anthropogenic addition of carbon dioxide to the earth’s atmosphere is becoming a major focus of scientific inquiry. Predictions of the extent of this warming are hampered by uncertainty in the ability of the earth’s ecosystems to counteract this effect by sequestering carbon...
The fruitless (fru) gene in Drosophila melanogaster is a multifunctional gene having sex-specific functions in the regulation of male sexual behavior and sex-nonspecific functions affecting adult viability and external morphology. While much attention has focused on fru's sex-specific roles, little is known about its sex-nonspecific functions. The embryonic central nervous...
Courtship and copulation behaviors in Drosophila melanogaster males are regulated by sex-specific products from the gene fruitless (fru). Male-specific FRU proteins (FRU[superscript M]) are putative transcription factors of the BTB-ZnF family that likely act by controlling development and maintenance of the neural circuitry used during male sexual behavior. However, which...
Corylus avellana L. is a global commodity and a valuable crop for the U.S. Pacific Northwest. A tremendous amount of work has been put into the development of healthy disease free, high yielding and tasty hazelnuts for the in-shell and confectionary markets. Clonal propagation is required to provide nursery trees...
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Barbara M. Reed
Corylus avellana L. is a global commodity and a valuable crop for the U.S
Improved recovery of cryopreserved meristems and calli from in
vitro currant (Ribes aureum Pursh and R. ciliatum Humb. & Bonpl.) plants
was obtained by two-hour pretreatment with sucrose, proline, abscisic
acid-responsive protein (RABP), and bovine serum albumin (BSA)
solutions. Meristems and calli cold-acclimatized for one week were
immersed in pretreatment...
Hazelnut is one of the most important nuts in worldwide production and the European hazelnut (Corylus avellana L.) is the most economically important of the 11 recognized hazelnut species. Development of new cultivars is continuous, with emphasis on better nut quality, high yield and disease resistance. Hazelnuts are highly heterozygous,...
Soils are the largest terrestrial pool of carbon, therefore it is critical to understand
what controls soil carbon efflux to the atmosphere in light of current climate uncertainty.
The primary efflux of carbon from soil is soil respiration which is typically categorized
into autotrophic and heterotrophic respiration. These two components...
Geochemical characterization methods are commonly used in the reconstruction of prehistoric raw material use and procurement systems. Trace element studies of lithic source material and artifacts, specifically those made of obsidian, can reveal important information about the environmental and cultural factors which influence the prehistoric distribution of raw material. The...
Understanding mathematics and teaching mathematics involve
numerous factors, one of which may be an individual's spatial ability.
This paper examines research conducted on the relationship between
spatial abilities and mathematics, gender differences in the area of
spatial ability, the types of experiences that may affect one's spatial
ability, and issues...
With human activity causing increases in turbidity in coastal marine waters, it is of economic and ecological importance to understand how this increase will affect organisms living in these areas. At most risk may be predators, such as many teleosts and cephalopods, reliant on vision to detect and capture prey....