Opinions about public lands and the actions of private non-industrial forest owners in the
western United States play important roles in forested landscape management as both public
and private forests face increasing risks from large wildfires, pests and disease. This
work presents the responses from two surveys, a random-sample telephone...
Full Text:
., Hamilton, L. C., Congalton, R. G., Ducey, M. J., &
Oester, P. T. (2015). Modelling Associations between
Opinions about public lands and the actions of private non-industrial forest owners in the
western United States play important roles in forested landscape management as both public
and private forests face increasing risks from large wildfires, pests and disease. This
work presents the responses from two surveys, a random-sample telephone...
Opinions about public lands and the actions of private non-industrial forest owners in the
western United States play important roles in forested landscape management as both public
and private forests face increasing risks from large wildfires, pests and disease. This
work presents the responses from two surveys, a random-sample telephone...
Seashore paspalum (Paspalum vaginatum Sw.) is an important warm-season perennial turfgrass, known for its tolerance to salinity. Turfgrass is used for homes, municipalities, sod farms, resorts, and sports fields. Seashore paspalum has historically been planted in sub-tropical and tropical climates because of its heat tolerance. Seashore paspalum could become an...
The travel cost method of deriving demand and value of recreation
does not include fixed costs of recreational durable goods purchases
or allow for supply restrictions on the number of suitable
sites available. The omission of these two real-world situations
results in derivation of demand curves which are more inelastic...
The biological preparation of aflatoxins was accomplished by
culturing the mold Aspergillus flavus on various media. Aflatoxin
was isolated by chloroform extraction of the culture, and purified
by column fractionation and crystallization. Rice, wheat, soya bean,
peanut and YES media were found to give high yields of aflatoxin. It
was...
A complete taxonomic review of the Family Eviphididae was
made for the first time. The family was found to contain forty-nine
species and five genera. The genera included were: Eviphis
Berlese, Scarabaspis Womersley, Alliphis Halbert, Pelethiphis
Berlese, and Thinoseius Halbert.
The new species described were: Eviphis oregonensis from
Deschutes County,...
This paper describes the development of structural layer coefficients
for open graded asphalt emulsion surfacing layers which can be used with
the AASHO pavement design method, as modified by the U. S. Forest Service,
Region 6.
A field survey conducted to document the history, performance and
material characteristics of in-service...
Triplicate groups of rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri) fed six
diets; five based on fish protein concentrate (FPC) ranging in caloric
density from 4.36 to 6.19 kcal/g, and one based on vitamin free
casein with a caloric density of 5.26 kcal/g were evaluated with
respect to diet ingredient utilization. The parameters...
Background: Alcohol is a nonessential nutrient widely consumed throughout the world. Chronic alcohol abuse is associated with numerous adverse skeletal effects. However, prior to this study, the effects of alcohol abuse on intracortical bone remodeling in an animal model had not been investigated. Reduced intracortical bone remodeling could impair repair...
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Urszula T. Iwaniec Russell T. Turner
Background: Alcohol is a nonessential nutrient
The efficiencies of wet sieving/sucrose
centrifugation (WS/SC) recovery of Pratylenchus penetrans
(59 %), Paratylenchus sp., (80 %), and Criconemella
xenoplax (66 %) were established. Baermann funnels (BF)
recovered significantly more P. penetrans (p = 0.01) and
significantly less (p = 0.01) C. xenoplax than did WS/SC.
While densities of P....
The effects of harvesting Pacific hake (Merluccius productus)
were examined with a multi-species numerical model composed of
seven logistic growth equations coupled by a food web. The
food web was composed of: California sea lions (Zalophus
californianus), hake, sablefish (Anaplopoma fimbria), spiny
dogfish (Squalus acanthias), a generic rockfish species
(Sebastes...
Selected parameters that affect crude toxin production in both
primary culture (growing cell culture) and resting culture were
examined during efforts to produce sufficient crude toxin for purification.
The parameters included carbohydrate and label source and
concentration, cell concentration, incubation time and temperature
and shaker speed. A higher yield of...
The aflatoxins, carcinogenic and toxic mold metabolites
of Aspergillus flavus, were isolated and determined
in cottonseed meal and other feedstuffs. This new
quantitative method uses an acetone soxhlet extraction to
remove the toxins from the defatted meal. The residual
triglycerides, phospholipids and pigments were removed
from the acetone by filtration...
Malonaldehyde, a three carbon dialdehyde, is one of the numerous
carbonyl compounds associated with oxidative deterioration of
food lipids. It is assumed to be formed as a product of lipid autoxidation
occurring according to the generally accepted free radical
mechanism. This compound is of great interest because of its potential...
The assessment of optimum nitrogen (N) fertilizer need for winter wheat (Triticum
aestivum L.) is important for economic and environmental sustainability. A comprehensive understanding of fertilizer N requirement depends on estimation of the quantity of N needed by the crop versus that supplied by soil.
The objectives of this study...
The effects of fenamiphos on soil and root populations of Pratylenchus penetrans were evaluated in four red raspberry cv. Willamette fields in Northwestern Oregon. Field 1 was a silty clay loam with 53% organic matter (OM). Field 2 and 3 were silty loam soils with 3.25 and 2.55% OM, respectively...
The quality of radiation-pasteurized halibut stored at 34°F
was evaluated subjectively and objectively over a period of 18 weeks.
Results of flavor evaluation and chemical analyses showed that the
storage life of halibut irradiated at 0.50, 0.75 and 1.00 megarad was
extended more than threefold. Although irradiated samples were
consistently...
Pasteurization radiation offers a new means of extending the
refrigerated storage life of foods. This procedure avoids many of
the undesirable changes which result when sterilization radiation is
used and still eliminates most of the spoilage organisms.
Shrimp was treated with 5 ppm chlortetracycline and subjected
to pasteurization levels of...
Dietary protein intake has been observed to influence the induction
of cancer in animals exposed to carcinogens, presumably by affecting the
activities of enzyme systems which metabolize them. One such carcinogen
is aflatoxin B₁ (AFB₁) a mold metabolite and frequent contaminant of
foodstuffs. Variations in the levels of dietary proteins...
The reduction in mechanical load imparted on the body during spaceflight presents unique physiological challenges. One detrimental and seemingly unavoidable response to microgravity is rapid bone loss. This adaptation is hazardous not only to astronaut health, but to the success of long-duration exploration-class missions. Skeletal adaptation to spaceflight in astronauts...
The lipid composition of swine is characteristic of the species
and is also a reflection of their dietary history. Other investigators
have established that the physical properties and composition of
swine depot fat may be altered by variation of the dietary lipid.
Dietary regimens employing vegetable oil-bearing materials and
their...
The use of gas chromatography for the separation, comparison,
and subsequent identification of flavor volatiles from food
products has proven highly successful in recent years. The
development of various techniques for the concentration of the
volatiles before gas chromatographic analysis has greatly extended
the use of this important analytical tool....
A method was devised and tested for rapid and quantitative
identification of microbial flora in fresh seafoods. The rapid
identification of large numbers of isolates was made possible by
(1) a simplified identification scheme established by reference
culture studies and from the known reactions of microorganisms
reported in the literature,...
The reactions of aldehydes with proteins are of nutritional and
physiological significance. The nutritive value of food materials can
be impaired by a reaction necessitating additional dietary protein,
and enzymes have been shown in vitro to be inhibited by reactions
with aldehydes.
Aldehydes present may arise from the autoxidation of...
Field trials were conducted during 2001 to 2003 to investigate soil population dynamics of Meloidogyne chitwoodi, tuber symptom suppression using oxamyl, and post-harvest tuber symptom development on short-season potato varieties Russet Norkotah and Russet Nugget (San Luis Valley only). The experiments were located in the San Luis Valley in Colorado,...
Malonaldehyde, a very reactive member of the homologous
series of dialdehydes, is associated with the autoxidative deterioration
of lipids. Its measurement, in autoxidized lipid systems is an
expression of the extent of oxidation, in lipids. Malonaldehyde lends
itself well to such determinations because of the sensitivity and
specificity of its...
The variation in fatty acid composition between the "bound" and
"free" lipid in stored anchovy meal was determined using gas-liquid
chromatographic analysis. A model system of fresh anchovy oil on
powdered lactalbumin was also studied to determine the changes in
extractability and fatty acid composition which occur during oxidation.
All...
Changes in the federal farm program, in rainfall pattern and quantity, and
increased incidence of herbicide resistant weeds and diseases have generated
increased interest in spring grains in the Pacific Northwest. However, spring grains
have traditionally been treated as minor crops in this region, thus little research has
been done...
Vernalization plays a fundamental role in the adaptation of winter cereals to their growing environment by controlling their growth habit, thereby allowing them to escape cold injury. Because of the climatic conditions of the region, dry summers and wet winters, growers sometimes cannot plant all of their winter wheat in...
Rainbow trout were fed semi-purified diets containing cyclopropenoid
fatty acids, and the biological effects of these acids were
investigated. These fatty acids occur naturally in cottonseed oil and
have been implicated in a large number of physiological disorders.
Included in this study was an investigation of the pattern of deposition...
Efficiency in the provision of local public services is a neglected area of study. Absolute and relative increases in expenditures by the local public sector emphasize the increased importance of the study of efficiency. A look to the future sees even greater resource allocation by the local public sector. Increasing...
The general objective of this study is to develop a systematic evaluation of the interrelationships between issues of the environment and economic growth for Tillamook County. In order to gain some appreciation for the complexities between environment and economic development; specific objectives were established 1) to identify relevant economic-ecologic linkage...
The farmers of the Columbia Plateau region of Oregon, as well as other individuals and groups, have expressed a desire for information on the economic feasibility of irrigated farming in their area. This recent interest in irrigation is a result of reduced lifts and lower pumping costs brought about by...
Conventional training methods in most medical fields seek to avoid errors, framing them as negative consequences instead of as learning opportunities. Error-management training (EMT) contrasts with conventional methods by explicitly encouraging trainees to make errors through low-stakes training modules in an effort to alter perspectives on errors, utilizing them as...
The primary purpose of this thesis is to determine the economic nature of low incomes on low-income farms in western Oregon. An economic model containing variables that contribute to family income is developed for farm operators in the study area. Regression analysis is used to determine the significant variables contributing...
Fluctuations in population density of Pratylenchus sp.,
Trichodorus sp., and Xiphinema americanum s. 1. in three blueberry
fields were determined monthly for one year. Pratylenchus densities
were greatest in August and least in October. Three distinct
periods of population growth occurred; during January, April, and
between June and August. Trichodorus...
Calls for increased farmer involvement in research and extension programs
have been numerous and well supported. One approach to integrate the collective
knowledge and experience of agricultural scientists and farmers is through whole
farm case studies (WFCS). An interdisciplinary team of 34 research and extension
personnel at Oregon and Washington...
The effects of disking, food plantings, and wheat plantings on a population of California quail (Lophortyx californicus) were studied from fall 1976 to spring 1978 on the E.E. Wilson Wildlife Area, Oregon. Twelve 16.2-ha study sites were established: 3 study sites for each treatment and 3 control sites. Disked areas,...
Alcohol is a widely consumed, nonessential, bioactive nutrient with end-organ effects on the skeleton. Moderate levels of alcohol consumption are generally associated with increased bone mineral density (BMD), whereas higher intake levels result in reduced bone formation, bone loss, and increased risk for osteoporotic fracture. Given the negative impact of...
Caurinus dectes Russell is a minute, brachypterous scorpionfly
which was discovered at Marys Peak, Benton County, Oregon, in
1976, and subsequently described as the only representative of the
subfamily Caurininae within the Boreidae (snow scorpionflies).
Caurinus dectes is now known to range from the Olympic Peninsula
and Northern Cascades in...
The primary goal of my study was to evaluate the effects of high dietary vitamin E on the rodent skeleton. The outcomes from my study assess the impact of high intakes of vitamin E and increased concentrations of its metabolite, carboxy ethyl hydroxy chromanol (CEHC), on bone turnover and skeletal...
The objectives of this research is to advance human health by evaluating interventions to minimize the detrimental effects of acute whole body gamma irradiation on bone metabolism, bone architecture and bone reconstruction using a mouse model. Total body irradiation (TBI) followed by adoptive transfer of bone marrow from donor animals...
Post-menopausal women are at an increased risk for osteoporosis due to increased
bone resorption associated with estrogen deficiency. Subcutaneous administration of leptin, a
hormone produced primarily by adipocytes, attenuates bone loss in the ovariectomized (ovx)
rat, an animal model for post-menopausal bone loss. Leptin has both direct peripheral and
indirect...
This investigation was designed to determine the
relationship of student teachers' commitment to the set
of values, attitudes, and behaviors that are characteristically
fostered and rewarded by bureaucratic organizations
and their verbal classroom behavior under actual
teaching conditions,
The purpose of the study was expressed by the
formulation of an...
Bees provide critical pollination services to diverse agricultural crops, native plants and trees. Globally, there are reports of bee declines which have been attributed to diseases, exposure to pesticides and changes in land use that are believed to have led to a reduction in foraging resources and nesting habitats for...
The primary focus of this investigation was to assess whether
or not selected ecological indices and leisure preferences demonstrated
statistically significant relationships with the aged's self-concept.
Gerontology, a relatively embryonic discipline, has only
recently begun to examine the impact of demographic, physical and
socio-psychological stresses upon the geron's self-concept. Even...
This thesis project has the following specific objectives: (i) Determine pathogenicity of Globodera ellingtonae to potato utilizing two trials conducted over a 16 week period, (ii) Elucidate the host range of G. ellingtonae using a variety of different Solanum weed species and crop species, and (iii) Characterize population decline of...
The general purpose of this study was to investigate the question:
Is unionization disruptive of intra-institutional relationships on community college campuses ?
The introduction of faculty unions into the
college community is often perceived, even by proponents, as a process
which engenders hostility and disruption. Social conflict theory
is the...
Snowbrush (Ceanothus velutinus), red alder (Alnus rubra), and
bitterbrush (Purshia tridentata) are three important nitrogen- fixing
nonleguminous species. They commonly grow in association with
commercially important conifers in western United States and conceivably
could be utilized to add nitrogen to forest ecosystems. Nitrogen
15 gas was used to study nitrogen...
The unique reaction between 4, 6-dimethoxy-5-nitropyrimidine
and methylhydrazine was investigated. The reaction product was
identified as 4-hydrazino-6-hydroxypyrimidine from (a) spectral
data, (b) by direct synthesis of the product via 4-chloro-6-hydroxypyrimidine
and hydrazine, and (c) by conversion of the product to
the known 4-amino-6-hydroxypyrimidine using Raney nickel. The
product was not...
Scouringrushes (Equisetum hyemale L.; E. xferrissii Clute; E. laevigatum L.) are ancient perennial seedless vascular plants historically associated with wetlands, low-lying roadsides or field margins with more plant available water. There has been little research conducted on scouringrush species in the context of agricultural production because traditional farming practices confined...
Bone loss is common in astronauts during long-duration spaceflight missions with severe bone loss often occurring in the proximal femur, a region not typically investigated in animal models for microgravity. We recently evaluated bone microarchitecture in the femoral head in rapidly growing male Sprague Dawley rats subjected to a 4-day...
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Russell Turner, Committee Member, representing the School of Biological and Population Health
Commercial fishing research often focuses on ecological (gear, stock assessment, traceability) or economic factors. Truly understanding the social-ecological system requires considering the entire "human dimension" and this includes the social, cultural, and legal/policy aspects as well. An understudied yet important factor is women's contribution to fishing at the family and...
Why are the fast Fourier transform and the fast
Hadamard transform fast? A transform can be computed by
multiplying a matrix times a vector, which normally requires 0(n²) operations. The matrices corresponding to
these transforms can be rearranged to eliminate redundant
computations resulting in O(nlogn) operations.
We investigate algebraic reasons...
Conservation biological control involves manipulating farm landscapes or management systems to enhance populations of beneficial predators of agricultural pests. Farmscaping is one aspect of conservation biological control where predators of important pests are identified, the availability on the farm landscape of resources and habitat components needed by the beneficials to...
This paper gives a proof that the Completeness Axiom of
Lobachevskian geometry -- as formulated in the second English translation
of David Hilbert's Foundations of Geometry (tenth German
edition)--is a theorem in the three dimensional Poincare model. An
explicit canonical isomorphism between all models of Lobachevskian
space is given.
This,...
Electrophoretic karyotypes were obtained from intact cells of four wild
type strains of Tilletia caries and T. controversa, and 5 inter specific hybrid
progeny using clamped homogeneous electric field, pulsed field gel
electrophoresis (CHEF PFGE). Each karyotype was polymorphic and unique
relative to the other strains. However, the relative size...
Research was conducted in a mixed-coniferous forest stand
that was clearcut, burned, and seeded in order to study early plant
succession, grazing influences on native and introduced species, big
game use, and environmental relationships vegetation, animal,
and environmental research was carried out from 1965 to 1967 in
three, five-acre exclosures...
Native plants provide many ecosystem services while also having great beauty and are a valuable component of the landscape. As use of these plants in habitat restoration, agricultural insectary plantings, and home landscapes increases so does demand for information on the basic biology of a group of species that have...
Two lots of six White Leghorn male chickens were fed diets containing
7.3% linoleic acid and either .075% ethoxyquin (lot 1) or 32.4
mg/kg of added vitamin E (lot II) for 47 weeks both of which were
designated as positive controls. A third group (lot III) containing 30
males received...
Primary monolayer cultures of chick renal epithelial cells
grown on plastic coverslips were reversibly dissociated with the
chelating agent ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA). The cellular
responses during dissociation and reaggregation in Hank's balanced
salt solution (BSS) were observed with phase optics and recorded
by time-lapse cinemicrography.
The epithelial cells grow as...
An aspect of the metabolism of monoalkylhydrazines has been
investigated using both intact rats and rat liver microsomal enzyme
preparations.
Intact rats respired propane and n-butane on administration of 0.3-0.5 mmoles of isopropyl- and n-butylhydrazine, respectively.
Based upon dose administered, a five to ten percent
yield of hydrocarbon was obtained....
This study sought a better understanding of the mechanism of
the near-ultraviolet inhibition of microsclerotia and pigment formation
in the fungus Verticillium albo-atrum Reinke & Berth. by observing
changes which occur in certain major biochemical components:
lipids, chitin, RNA, DNA, protein carbohydrates, and pigment.
The most important finding was that...
Large wood (LW) pieces are recognized as an important habitat component for salmon freshwater habitat. As such, they are often used in stream habitat restoration practices despite a lack of knowledge about their impacts on spatial and temporal hydraulic characteristics relevant to fish habitat. In this thesis we present results...
Careful analysis and thoughtful synthesis will be necessary for expanding the envelope of
ecological understanding. This work is my attempt at communicating both of these, in relation
to three questions about our understanding of the structure and dynamics of biological diversity.
These questions focus on a) advancing our understanding of...
Bitterness is a common flavor attribute of aged cheese, but excessive levels are a flaw leading to consumer rejection. Bitterness in cheese has been primarily associated with milk casein-derived peptides of medium size (500–3,000 Da) and relative hydrophobicity. Herein, we demonstrate a novel approach for the identification of bitter peptides...
A classical biological control project was undertaken
against the filbert aphid, Myzocallis coryli (Goetze), in
western Oregon. Hazelnut orchards in Spain, France, and
Italy were searched for natural enemies of the aphid, and
a parasitic wasp, Trioxys pallidus Haliday, was imported,
quarantined, mass-reared, and released in Oregon orchards.
The wasp...
The ability of cholestanol to support growth of yeast sterol
auxotrophs has been examined. Growth on this stanol was precluded
unless minute quantities of ergosterol were available, a phenomenon
designated sparking. The low levels of ergosterol were
insufficient to support growth alone. The data indicate that
cholestanol is fulfilling a...
Commercial filbert orchards throughout the Willamette Valley
were surveyed for natural enemies of the filbert aphid, Myzocallis
coryli (Goetze). A large number of predaceous insects were found to
prey upon M. coryli, particularly members of the families
Coccinellidae, Miridae, Chrysopidae, Hemerobiidae, and Syrphidae.
Also, a parasitic Hymenopteran (Mesidiopsis sp.) and...
A new method for delayed gamma-ray spectrometry to quantify the relative content of fissile material is developed and demonstrated to support international efforts in bolstering non-destructive assay capabilities. Previous traditional delayed gamma-ray spectrometry techniques rely upon nuclear data that often carry very high uncertainty. The new method removes the requirement...