Species of Botrychium reproduce by spores that form subterranean gametophytes and a few, like B. pumicola, also reproduce asexually with subterranean sporophytic gemmae. The goal of this study was to examine the genetic diversity of B. pumicola populations and to better understand the role of gemmae. Ninety-nine individuals from three...
Astragalus oniciformis Barneby is a xerophyte of the sagebrush deserts of central Idaho. It is a narrow endemic of the upper Snake River Plains where it inhabits stabilized, aeolian sand deposits over Quaternary basalt flows. The objective of this study was to determine the levels and distribution of genetic differentiation...
Two North American subspecies of Snowy Plovers (Charadrius alexandrinus) have been described: the Cuban Snowy Plover (C. a. tenuirostris) and the Western Snowy Plover (C. a. nivosus). Coastal populations of the Western Snowy Plover are listed as Threatened under the U.S. Endangered Species Act, while populations of the Cuban Snowy...
The essential oil from two Lantana species (Lantana lucida Schauer and Lantana salzmannii Schauer) were evaluated for their chemical composition by GC-MS. Results showed 17 predominant compounds for L. lucida, among which β-caryophyllene (19.0%) and α- caryophyllene (or humuleno, 33.0%) were the major components. L. salzmannii showed the presence of...
Astragalus oniciformis Barneby is a narrow endemic xerophyte of the upper Snake River Plain of central Idaho, USA, where it inhabits stabilized, aeolian sand deposits and previously burned, sandy sites over Quaternary basalt flows. The objective of this study was to determine the levels and distribution of genetic differentiation within...
Pollen-stigma incompatibility in european hazelnut (Corylus avellana L.) is of the
sporophytic type and under the control of a single locus with multiple alleles (haplotypes). The
S-locus was previously assigned to linkage group 5 (LG5) and linked DNA markers were
identified. The loci that control leaf color and style color...
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, and 204-950dF and ISSR marker 815-540dF are very 38
close to the S-locus. The identification of
Pollen-stigma incompatibility in european hazelnut (Corylus avellana L.) is of the
sporophytic type and under the control of a single locus with multiple alleles (haplotypes). The
S-locus was previously assigned to linkage group 5 (LG5) and linked DNA markers were
identified. The loci that control leaf color and style color...
Pollen-stigma incompatibility in european hazelnut (Corylus avellana L.) is of the
sporophytic type and under the control of a single locus with multiple alleles (haplotypes). The
S-locus was previously assigned to linkage group 5 (LG5) and linked DNA markers were
identified. The loci that control leaf color and style color...
New highly polymorphic simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers for European hazelnut (Corylus avellana L.). were developed from several sources. The markers were characterized, and segregation in a mapping population allowed to assign them to linkage groups. Their transferability across genera and species in the Betulaceae family was investigated. SSR markers...
European hazelnut is a significant crop in the Pacific Northwest, and the US ranks
4th internationally for hazelnut production. Production in the Pacific Northwest is
threatened, however, by the disease eastern filbert blight (EFB) caused by the fungus
Anisogramma anomala (Peck) E. Müller. To meet the challenges faced by the...
Pollen-stigma incompatibility in european hazelnut (Corylus avellana L.) is of the
sporophytic type and under the control of a single locus with multiple alleles (haplotypes). The
S-locus was previously assigned to linkage group 5 (LG5) and linked DNA markers were
identified. The loci that control leaf color and style color...
Pollen-stigma incompatibility in european hazelnut (Corylus avellana L.) is of the
sporophytic type and under the control of a single locus with multiple alleles (haplotypes). The
S-locus was previously assigned to linkage group 5 (LG5) and linked DNA markers were
identified. The loci that control leaf color and style color...
Port-Orford-cedar (Chamaecyparis lawsoniana) is a forest tree native to
a small area of Oregon and California. A root disease caused by
Phytophthora lateralis causes widespread mortality of Port-Orford-cedar.
This dissertation examines three important elements of the Port-Orford-cedar
P. lateralis pathosystem related to breeding for disease resistance:
use of resistant rootstocks...
The hundred-year history of the hazelnut industry in the Pacific Northwest is threatened by eastern filbert blight (EFB) caused by the fungus Anisogramma anomala (Peck) E. Müller. Marker-assisted selection (MAS) has been extensively used for ‘Gasaway’ resistance in the hazelnut breeding program at Oregon State University. Concern over breakdown of...
Hibiscus and lilacs (Syringa spp.) are economically important nursery crops in the US that accounted for 4.5 million units ($30 million) and 2 million units ($20 million), respectively (USDA, 2016). To maintain and expand the market share of ornamental plants such as lilacs and Hibiscus, novel performance, floral ornamental value,...
Hop is one of the few dioecious plants with dimorphic sex chromosomes. Because the entire Cannabaceae family is dioecious, hop and other members of this family are thought to have a relatively older sex chromosomal system than other plant species. Hop cones are only produced in female hops with or...
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sequence repeat (ISSR) polymorphism for detection of sex-
specific molecular markers in hop (Humulus
A primary goal of population genetics is to identify the role of
microevolutionary forces in producing observed patterns of molecular and phenotypic
variation. I conducted four studies in the northern leopard frog, Rana pipiens, to
determine just how mutation, migration, genetic drift, and selection influenced,
genetic structure of mitochondrial DNA...
Japanese, giant, and the hybrid Bohemian
knotweeds (Fallopia japonica, F. sachalinensis and
F. x bohemica) have invaded the western USA and
Canada, as well as other regions of the world. The
distribution of these taxa in western North America,
and their mode of invasion, is relatively unresolved.
Using amplified fragment...
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), and in the Czech Republic
there were 16 inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR)
genotypes in 50 plants
European Hazelnut (Corylus avellana L.) is an important crop in the Pacific Northwest where around 5% of the world's hazelnuts are produced. Hazelnut production in the Pacific Northwest is threatened by eastern filbert blight (EFB) caused by the pyrenomycete Anisogramma anomala. Host resistance is a useful strategy to control disease,...
European hazelnut, Corylus avellana L., is the only economically important nut crop
in the family Betulaceae. One of the threats to the hazelnut industry in the Pacific
Northwest is the fungal disease eastern filbert blight (EFB) caused by the
pyrenomycete Anisogramma anomala. Host genetic resistance to EFB identified in the...
European hazelnut, an important nut crop in Oregon agriculture, is threatened by the fungal disease eastern filbert blight (EFB) caused by Anisogramma anomala (Peck) E. Müller. The hazelnut breeding program at OSU has been working on development of EFB-resistant cultivars. DNA markers allow mapping of traits using segregating progenies and...
Pythium species are important soilborne pathogens occurring in the forest nursery industry of the Pacific Northwest. However, little is known about their genetic diversity or population structure and it is suspected that isolates are moved among forest nurseries on seedling stock and shared field equipment. In order to address these...
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shown) by intersimple sequence
repeats analysis (ISSR) (69).
SSR analysis. Pythium isolates were grown
Hazelnut is one of the most important nuts in worldwide production and the European hazelnut (Corylus avellana L.) is the most economically important of the 11 recognized hazelnut species. Development of new cultivars is continuous, with emphasis on better nut quality, high yield and disease resistance. Hazelnuts are highly heterozygous,...
Hop is a dioecious perennial with female plants grown commercially
for brewing purposes. Parent selection in hop breeding on the basis of
heterotic potential has not been reported in literature even though dominance
has been reported in hops for several economically important traits.
The objectives of this study were to...
The European hazelnut (Corylus avellana L.) is a diploid (2n = 2x = 22) tree crop important to the economy of Oregon’s Willamette Valley, where 99% of hazelnut production in the United States is located. Corylus avellana exhibits sporophytic self-incompatibility (SSI), controlled by a single S-locus with at least 33...
Hereditary variation is a vital component in the development of new and improved cultivars of landscape plants. Sources of hereditary variation include naturally occurring variation, recombination due to controlled crosses, artificial mutagenesis, and genetic modification via biotechnology. Here I explore all methods with the exception of genetic modification via biotechnology....
Lilacs are a group of ornamental trees and shrubs in the Oleaceae family consisting of 22 to 30 species. There are six series within genus Syringa: Pubescentes, Villosae, Ligustrae, Ligustrina, Pinnatifoliae, and Syringa. Fertility and cross-compatibility among cultivars, species, and series have yet to be formally investigated. Over three years,...
Zucchini yellow mosaic virus (ZYMV) is an important disease of Cucurbita worldwide. Resistant cultivars are the best means of control. ZYMV resistance is quantitative in the wild species C. ecuadorensis, and is controlled by at least three genes in tropical C moschata. Very little molecular work has been done in...
Two studies used DNA markers to assess their usefulness in germplasm identification and evaluation of genetic stability in four cryopreserved Rubus accessions that were stored for over 10 years in liquid nitrogen. In the first study, 12 robust Simple Sequence Repeat (SSR) markers were developed from two microsatellite-enriched libraries of...
The European hazelnut (Corylus avellana L.) is a tree nut crop that is important in Oregon, which produces 99% of the United States’ hazelnuts but only 5% of the world’s supply. In order to maintain this market share, farmers in Oregon need cultivars that produce high quality nuts, mature early,...
Concentrations of selenium (Se), manganese (Mn), zinc (Zn), cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb) and arsenic (As) were measured in the water column, sediment and biota, in conjunction with selected physicochemical data, from representative wetland types at a mining site within Salt Lake County, Utah, USA. The selected field sites included Oolitic...
The Pacific Northwest is an internationally important region for the production of Brassica seed and other seed crops including grass seed. Oregon lawmakers mandated research into the co-existence of canola (Brassica napus) with other Brassica production in the Willamette Valley and House Bill 2427 was signed into law in 2013,...
Hop (Humulus lupulus L. var lupulus) is a plant of great cultural significance, used as a medicinal herb for thousands of years, and for flavor and as a preservative in brewing beer. Studies of the medicinal effects of the unique compounds produced by hop have led to interest from the...
Heterodera avenae is a cereal cyst nematode that reduces wheat yields in the Pacific Northwest USA. Barley is also susceptible but there were no previous reports of resistance or tolerance to H. avenae in the USA. Spring barley cultivars were assayed in H. avenae-infested fields over two years. Cultivars were...
The resurgence of cucurbit downy mildew has dramatically influenced production of cucurbits and disease management systems at multiple scales. Long-distance dispersal is a fundamental aspect of epidemic development that influences the timing and extent of outbreaks of cucurbit downy mildew. The dispersal potential of Pseudoperonospora cubensis appears to be limited...
Basalts of both Eocene and Miocene age from several groups
along the Oregon and Washington coasts have been analyzed for some
major, minor, and trace elements using instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA). The rare earth element (REE) patterns observed
in these samples are used for comparisons within the groups studied...
European hazelnut (Corylus avellana L.) is a diploid with 11 pairs of chromosomes (2n = 2x = 22), monoecious, dichogamous and wind-pollinated. Eastern filbert blight (EFB) caused by Anisogramma anomala is a serious disease of European hazelnut (Corylus avellana) in North America, and infection leads to cankers that girdle branches...
Twenty-one pairs of simple sequence repeat (SSR) primers were used to
investigate genetic diversity in 270 accessions of European hazelnut (Corylus avellana)
representing a wide geographic range. A capillary electrophoresis system and ABI
Genescan® and Genotyper® software were used to determine the allele size generated
from each PCR reaction based...
The US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, National Clonal Germplasm Repository in Corvallis, Oregon, preserves more than 800 accessions of hazelnut (Corylus), including C. avellana cultivars and representatives of 10 other recognized shrub and tree species. Characterization and study of genetic diversity in this collection require cross-transferable markers, such...
Wheat breeders must effectively maintain and manage existing genetic diversity in order to continue the development of superior genotypes. It is therefore fundamental that the genetic relationships and diversity within the germplasm pools be thoroughly characterized and understood. Recently, DNA-based markers have provided powerful tools for genetic diversity analysis. This...
An international Coupled Ocean-Atmosphere Response Experiment (COARE)
was conducted in the warm-pool region of the western equatorial Pacific Ocean over a four-month period from November 1992 through February 1993 (Webster and Lukas, 1992). Most of the oceanographic and meteorological observations were concentrated in the Intensive Flux Array (IFA) centered at...
From the genome sequence of hazelnut (Corylus avellana), 192 new polymorphic simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers were developed, characterized, and used to investigate genetic diversity in 50 accessions. Next-generation sequencing allows inexpensive sequencing of plant genomes and transcriptomes, and efficient development of polymorphic SSR markers, also known as microsatellite markers,...
Data from nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer regions (nrITS) and chloroplast DNA (cpDNA) have failed to resolve phylogenetic relationships in Pinus. To provide greater interspecific resolution, five low-copy nuclear genes were developed from mapped conifer anchor loci. Four genes were sequenced from species representing all Pinus subsections. Individual loci do...
Advancements in molecular biology and computer science have enabled researchers the ability to investigate the transcriptome – the quantification of an organism’s RNA transcripts in response to its environment on a system wide scale. The collective chapters of this thesis utilize high-throughput RNA sequencing, which produces hundreds of millions of...
Jointed goatgrass (Aegilops cylindrica Host; 2n=4x=28; CCDD) is an
agriculturally important species both as a weed and as a genetic resource for
wheat (Triticum aestivum L.; 2n=6x=42; AABBDD) improvement. In order to
better understand the evolution of this species, the diversity of Ae. cylindrica
was evaluated along with its progenitors,...
Pre-existing Expressed Sequence Tag (EST) libraries (1,305 sequences) and a newly constructed microsatellite-enriched genomic library (136 clones) from the V. corymbosum cultivar 'Bluecrop' were screened for unique Simple Sequence Repeat (SSR)-containing sequences. Our goal was to develop a set of robust SSR markers for use in managing the National Clonal...
This dissertation describes the application and development of molecular tools that have great potential for use in studying variation in strawberry germplasm. The first study evaluated 91 microsatellite (simple sequence repeat, SSR) markers for transferability in 22 Fragaria species and their utility in fingerprinting octoploid strawberries. Out of the transferable...
Hop (Humulus lupulus L. var. lupulus) is a diploid, dioecious plant with an extensive history of cultivation and use in brewing, as a textile, and for its therapeutic properties. Hop is prized for its ability to produce a variety of aromatic and flavor compounds, as well as compounds with anti-microbial...
White mold, caused by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (Lib.) De Bary, is a destructive yield-limiting disease of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). Genetic resistance to this pathogen is limited in common bean. Identification of high levels of partial physiological resistance in a genetically cross compatible species, Phaseolus coccineus, is advisable. The objectives...