Graduate Thesis Or Dissertation
 

Genome Resource Development for Advancement of Corylus avellana Breeding

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https://ir.library.oregonstate.edu/concern/graduate_thesis_or_dissertations/tt44pv54c

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  • The European hazelnut (Corylus avellana L.) is a tree nut crop that is important in Oregon, which produces 99% of the United States’ hazelnuts but only 5% of the world’s supply. In order to maintain this market share, farmers in Oregon need cultivars that produce high quality nuts, mature early, and are resistant to eastern filbert blight (EFB). EFB is a fungal disease caused by the pathogen Anisogramma anomala and results in yield loss until eventual tree and orchard death. The Oregon State University (OSU) breeding program has used molecular markers and linkage mapping to study early maturity and EFB resistance and has released numerous hazelnut cultivars with qualitative EFB resistance derived from the cultivar ‘Gasaway’. The Oregon hazelnut industry remains threatened by A. anomala genotypes that exist outside of Oregon and are able to infect cultivars that carry ‘Gasaway’ resistance. Genomic resources for studying EFB resistance exist in the form of a reference assembly and transcriptome produced for the cultivar ‘Jefferson’, which carries ‘Gasaway’ resistance. However, these resources are highly fragmented since older genome assemblies do not represent DNA as complete biological chromosomes. Technological advances in genome sequencing and assembly have enabled the use of long-read sequencing, chromosome scaffolding, and the introgression of parental reads to generate an improved reference genome of ‘Jefferson’ that is chromosome-resolved and differentiates between homologous chromosomes. Genome annotation of this phased, haplotype-resolved assembly revealed differences in the inventory of predicted resistance gene candidates among parental genomes and previous genomic resources. Also described in this thesis is the generation of haploid-resolved assemblies and genome annotation for six other EFB resistant C. avellana genomes. Preliminary work has identified over 20 putative EFB resistance gene candidates in these assemblies. The genome resources developed from this research will be valuable tools for developing molecular markers targeting identified EFB resistance genes and introgressing them into elite cultivars in the future.
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  • San Diego, California, USA
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  • I would like to thank my funding source: the Oregon Hazelnut Commission.
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  • Pending Publication
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  • 2023-01-09 to 2024-02-09

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