Throughout history, the supply of foods necessary to
bodily sustenance has been an engrossing if not altogether
profitable occupation. Exception may be taken to the
use of this term, but when we consider the number of laboring families whose first and greatest aim is to meet the
call of the...
Published January 1947. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
Published July 1949. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
Published February 1958. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
Published November 1960. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
The rate of the C¹⁴0₂ release from glucose, specifically labeled
with C¹⁴ at 1, 2, 3+4, and positions, was used to study the relative
participation of pathways of glucose catabolism in red beet slices.
Evidence was obtained which indicated that in mature red beets glucose
was catabolized mainly via glycolysis-tricarboxylic...
As the management of range lands is intensified or as improvement
activity is increased, a critical need is seen to refine the
understanding of the ecology of these lands. If soil surveys on range
lands are to be meaningful and useful, the relationship between the
fundamental ecological units and the...
The present study was designed to investigate the relationship
of milk production and milk quality to growth rate and certain organ-oleptic
measurements of lambs of mutton breeds, Nine mature ewes
in their fourth lactation of the Border Cheviot, Dorset Horn,
Columbia, Suffolk, and Willamette breeds were acquired making a
total...
This 1965 meeting was prompted by local requests and in response to flooding and high water from the storms of December, 1964-January, 1965. Local stakeholders voiced their concerns about the river to representatives of the Army Corps of Engineers.
Growth and replacement patterns of four successionally important
species occurring on Douglas fir clear-cuts were investigated
from September 1964 to June 1967. The study was carried out
on the Marys Peak watershed located near Corvallis, Oregon.
Species used in the study include Holcus lanatus, Senecio
jacobaea, Lotus crassifolius var. subglaber,...
The lack of availability of a single, complete paper on the
analysis of a digital data acquisition system for in situ oceanographic
measurements brought about the present work. In order to compile
an accurate technical paper on such a complex system, it was necessary
to design, construct, and calibrate a...
Combinations of cohesive and cohesionless soils are often encountered
when evaluating the engineering properties of soils. The
stress-volume characteristics of the mixed soil are found to vary according
to the proportion of each component. If the cohesive soil
composes more than a certain fraction of the material, the magnitude
of...
Numerous fishery researchers have attempted to preserve viable fish sperm, but only three investigations were successful in the fertilization of fresh eggs with frozen and thawed sperm: Blaxter (1953); Hoyle and Idler (1968); and Graybill and Horton (1969). Significant advances reported in this thesis were: the development of suitable life...
This programmed text covers the basic elements of the theory
of modulation. It is by no means a comprehensive reference to
modulation topics. The text is designed to introduce the student to
modulation in general terms. After successful completion of this
text, the student should be able to advance to...
The project of which this research was a part is designed to
provide an improved system of ecological resource analysis. Specific
objectives of this study were: (1) classification of plant communities
on the fringes of the sagebrush steppes and the salt desert of
southeastern Oregon, (2) development of symbolic and...
Investigations with ram semen were conducted to develop procedures
of cyrogenic preservation that would provide long-term
retention of fertilizing capacity in ram spermatozoa.
An isotonic extender consisting of egg yolk, sodium citrate,
lactose, glycerol, and a broad spectrum antibiotic was selected from
among several extenders tested in pilot studies. Using...
This thesis develops a simplified and logical simulation model
for an amplidyne excitation system for a synchronous generator with
an automatic voltage regulator.
The non-transfer function representation using field determined
parameters including variable inductance and machine saturation
was used to reduce the computing time for the stability analysis.
The simulation...
This history concerns the scientific contributions of Charles
Babbage (1791-1871) to mathematics, to the invention of calculating
machines, and machine tools, to the development of scientific ideas
through a wide variety of scientific investigations and his involvement
in several different scientific reforms. Babbage considered himself
a philosopher in the broadest...
Every student has a creative potential. An atmosphere needs
to be maintained in the classroom that motivates and encourages the
student to use and to develop this potential. Evidence indicates that
teachers need help in freeing and in stimulating each student's creative
potential. A learning package on design principles was...
The purpose of the study was to determine the nature and
extent of furniture in use in the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries in
England, France, and the Low Countries (Holland, Belgium, and
Northwest France) as portrayed in illuminated manuscripts of that
period.
Reproduced copies of illuminated manuscripts and books containing...
Estuaries, an important part of the continental shelf, have been
important centers for the economic development of man. They serve
as an interface between the terrestrial and oceanic realm and are a
part of the ocean that receives the most physical damage.
Different agencies and political groups are vested with...
The conceptual foundations of the study emerged from a review of
the literature, suggesting that a serious gap exists between clergy
and laity in terms of ministerial expectations. This gap has been
attributed in part to a growing estrangement between seminaries and
the churches they serve.
Thus, the central problem...
If wind power is to become a viable energy alternative, a rapid and reliable cost effective methodology must be established, whereby large areas can be surveyed for windy sites and those sites can be evaluated. Based primarily on locating wind deformed vegetation, this paper establishes the feasibility of using air...
The Tlingit Button Blanket was developed on the Northwest Coast of North America in the early 19th century as a result of the introduction of foreign materials brought by European explorers and traders in the late 18th century. The-Tlingit Indians substituted trade items for indigenous materials and integrated the resulting...
Over the last decade a new perspective on how forest ecosystems operate has emerged. Ecosystems appear much more flexible than we once thought. Even the most persistent is still evolving in composition. Yet for all their diversity, very similar processes are seen as operating in all forests, providing a point...
Sand dunes are used as indicators of wind
power potential and examples are presented of their application
as a prospecting technique at four study sites in
the Central Columbia River Basin. Aerial reconnaissance
is combined with interpretation of photography and topographic
maps as a basis of sand dune analysis. Sand...
Selected life history aspects of American shad, Alosa
sapidissima, collected in Lake Umatilla of the Columbia River
during 1980 and 1981 were examined and compared to other shad
populations. Mean fork lengths of adult shad captured in
1981 were 405-, 415- and 423-mm for age III, IV and V males;...
Some elementary teachers want to be more child-centered in their
teaching. They are trying to consider the needs of the students
before the coverage of curriculum. Much of the inspiration for this
educational approach has come from the British primary schools.
The purpose of this study was to see if...
We evaluated the effects of the McNary Dam transportation system on emigrating fall and spring chinook smolts using physiological indices of stress (e.g., plasma cortisol, hepatic glycogen, leucocrit, interrenal cell nuclear diameter) and performance tests (e.g., saltwater challenge, secondary stress challenge, disease resistance). We also conducted controlled experiments in a...
The performance of an organism or organismic subsystem is
the result of the interaction between the performance capacity of
the system and Its environment. Environmental conditions can
stress an organism and thus affect it's performance. In this
study, three whole organism performances were examined: critical
swimming speed, fatigue time and...
In their search for viable economic development opportunities,
many American Indian tribes have focused their
attention toward tourism development on their reservation
lands. In many cases, the greatest potential for economic
development and attracting income to the reservations lies
in tourist trade. Although tourism may not be a tribe's
primary...
Genetic, ontogenetic, and environmental factors modified characteristic interrenal and glycemic responses to stress in juvenile salmonid fishes. During continuous confinement stress, plasma cortisol rose more quickly in chinook salmon, Oncorhynchus tshawytscha, acclimated to high rather than medium or low temperatures; hyperglycemia following either acute or chronic stress was also highest...
This study measured muscular strength and perceived exertion of active men, 25 to 64 years old. The subjects were 80 members of a large YMCA, with 20 active men chosen from each of the following age groups: 25-34, 35-44, 45-54,and 55-64. Measurement of strength consisted of assessing the maximum weight...
Two studies were conducted to determine the in vitro metabolic and hormonal effects on glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase activity (G6PD) in bovine mammary explants. Study I was conducted to determine the effects of palmitoyl CoA (5 and 25 uM), acetate (1 and 10 mM), spermidine (0.4 mM) and putrescine (0.4 mM)...
Hop tissue (Humulus lupulus L.) was grown in vitro in
callus, suspension, and protoplast cultures. Medium
components were evaluated for optimal callus growth.
Solid Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium with picloram at 1.5
uM, 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) at 10 uM, 1 g/1 casein
hydrolysate, and 100 mg/1 citric acid induced white,...
Four experiments were conducted to determine oxytocin concen tration of bovine luteal tissue at different stages of the estrous cycle and to study the effects of prostaglandins F₂α (PGF₂α), E₂ (PGE₂), luteinizing hormone (LH), cycloheximide, colchicine and cytochalasin B on oxytocin synthesis and release in vitro. In experiment 1, luteal...
Periodic determinations of plasma hormone levels suggested that changes in interrenal activity are unrelated to changes in thyroidal or gonadal activity during development (smoltification) of juvenile coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch). Moreover, in an experiment where fish were reared under various conditions of crowding and water inflow rate, it appeared that...
A simple behavioral test was devised to determine the effects of multiple acute stresses on the avoidance response time of fish. Groups of freshwater-adapted juvenile chinook salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha were exposed to a sudden overhead light and the time it took each fish to reach cover was noted. Tests were...
The conceptual foundation of the study emerged from a concern
regarding the application of managerial competencies in the local
church. A review of the literature suggests that in spite of the
increasing awareness for the need to make greater use of these skills,
little consensus currently exists regarding their relative...
It has long been observed that stress can increase our
susceptibility to infectious diseases and cancers. Recent
experimental evidence suggests that this increased susceptibility is
due to suppression of immunity. A variety of neuroendocrine products
are released during periods of stress, and a large number of these
are now known...
The in vitro effects of cortisol in regulating salmonid B cell functions were
investigated. B cells at three distinct stages of differentiation were examined for
cortisol sensitivity. B lymphocyte responses were examined 1) during the early stage
of the precursor, 2) during the intermediate stage of differentiation associated with
clonal...
Breeding ecology and behavior were investigated in a field study of three sympatric anuran amphibians in the Oregon Cascade Mountains: the western toad (Bufo
boreas), the Cascades frog (Rana cascadae) and the Pacific treefrog (Hyla regilla). A comprehensive study of the western toad mating system was conducted at three populations...
The cormorant/fisherman issue is not limited to Tillamook County in 1988-1989 but is symptomatic of a widespread conflict of some fishermen with fish-eating animals. Predators, specifically cormorants, have been blamed for the "ruin" of the Tillamook fisheries, but the effects of cormorant predation have been exaggerated. Actually, current salmon and...
Once historically widespread throughout the Willamette and Umpqua
River drainages, the Willamette Oregon chub is now restricted to
scattered populations along 15 miles of the Middle Fork of the
Willamette River whereas the Umpqua Oregon chub is still widely
distributed. The decline in the Willamette drainage was more severe
because...
We examined the behavioral and physiological responses of wild
and hatchery-reared cutthroat trout Oncorhynchus clarki subjected to
a single electroshock, electroshock plus marking, and multiple
electroshocking in natural and artificial streams. In a natural
stream, trout released after capture by electrofishing and marking
showed distinct behavioral changes: fish immediately sought...
Erythrocytic inclusion body syndrome (EIBS), a viral disease
of salmon, was investigated. Reliable artificial infections were
established in coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) via
intraperitoneal injection of homogenized kidney, spleen, and blood
from naturally infected animals. By examining the exposed fish
periodically for viral inclusion bodies and hematocrits, the disease
progression...
Plasma concentrations of cortisol, a glucocorticoid hormone that
is immunosuppressive in mammals, increase during stress and
smoltification of salmonids. There was a reduction in the ability of
lymphocytes to generate antibody producing cells (APC) in vivo
concurrent with increased plasma cortisol titers during smoltification
of coho salmon (Oncorhvnchus kisutch). Cortisol...