A 22 ha, 1S yeas old, diked permanent pasture in the Salmon River estuary in Lincoln County, Oregon, was chosen for a study to determine the potential for natural salt marsh restoration with dike breaching. Two undiked fragments of relatively undisturbed salt marsh, one at each end of the study...
Tidal wetland channels provide rearing habitat for juvenile Chinook salmon as they emigrate from freshwater habitat and prepare to enter the ocean. Widespread diking and drainage of estuarine marshes for agricultural and urban development may have contributed to a decline in salmon abundance in the Pacific Northwest, prompting efforts to...
"Final report to the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Funds supporting this study have been provided by Region 10 of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Seattle, WA."
Anadromous coastal cutthroat trout Oncorhynchus clarkii clarkii may be highly dependent on estuaries, passing through them multiple times during their lifetime. However, few studies have investigated estuarine use by coastal cutthroat trout and it is often thought that estuaries serve primarily as migration corridors rather than rearing areas. We used...
A student report for a Civil Engineering 572 class, this document is an extensive description of the Salmon River estuary, including water flow, quality, predictions for the estuary’s future, and numerous charts and graphs.
Fish and wildlife species using the Area were identified. Information on occurrence, abundance, habitats, status, recreational or commercial use, and economic value of these species is presented.
The Siletz Estuary was studied in 1973 to determine seasonal
variations in tidal dynamics, water quality, and sediments.
Tidal ranges and times were measured and compared to predicted
values at two positions within the bay. Tidal ranges and times
were analyzed to determine the dampening and phasing conditions
within the...
Chinook salmon returns to the Columbia River basin have declined due to impacts of a growing human population, despite significant mitigation expenditures. Consequently, fisheries managers have become focused on recovery and long-term viability of at-risk populations. A viable population depends, in part, on the connectivity and quality of diverse habitat...
Oregon's estuaries are important ecosystems for scientific study. Consequently, knowledge of what research has been conducted helps us identify benchmarks and plan new projects. A comprehensive bibliography of published research, technical reports, local documents, and data sets is one means of recording this knowledge. For these reasons, the Guin Library...
Sediment samples were collected from eight sampling sites
along the Yaquina Estuary, Oregon from Yaquina Bay to Elk City near
the head of the estuary. Samples were collected in November 1973,
February 1974, May 1974 and August 1974 from two or three intertidal
levels depending on the magnitude of the...
The Umpqua River estuary was seined and gilinetted during the summer of 1972 to estimate the composition and distribution of fishes. The number of species collected at most sites averaged from four to six per seine haul and was relatively constant throughout the estuary. The number of fish
collected per...
This report discusses anticipated problems associated with the pollution of the Umpqua River estuary in Oregon. The method of studying these problems by oceanographical techniques is outlined. Proposed studies relating to the Umpqua River Basin are examined.
Oceanographic data collected in the Umpqua River Estuary, Oregon, during the period April 26-27, 1961, are tabulated. Temperature, salinity, velocity, and dissolved oxygen were observed at various depths over one tidal cycle at a mid-channel anchor station located near the mouth of the river.
Oceanographic data collected in the Umpqua River Estuary, Oregon, during the period December 14-15, 1960, are tabulated. Temperature, salinity and velocity were: measured from the surface to the bottom at approximately five-foot intervals at four stations in the estuary. Oxygen samples were collected at depth on four occasions.
Oceanographic data collected in the Umpqua River Estuary, Oregon, during the period January 25-26, 1961, are tabulated. Temperature, salinity, velocity, and oxygen were observed at various depths over one tidal cycle at one station. Temperature and salinity observations were made from the ocean to 11.5 miles upstream upon completion of...
Pacific Coast estuaries provide important rearing habitats leading to improved growth and survival for juvenile chinook salmon. However, research has suggested that juvenile salmon have little use for estuarine habitats in the Columbia River. To further understand salmonid recovery needs in estuaries, I compared historical and contemporary life history patterns...
In 1971 the Fish Commission of Oregon conducted a comprehensive study of the recreational use of marine food fish, shellfish, and other miscellaneous invertebrates in 16 Oregon estuaries. From March 1 through October 31, 1971, boat and shore anglers and tideflat users were interviewed for catch, effort, and origin data...
In 1971 the Fish Commission of Oregon conducted a comprehensive study of the recreational use of marine food fish, shellfish, and other miscellaneous invertebrates in 16 Oregon estuaries. From March 1 through October 31, 1971, boat and shore anglers and tideflat users were interviewed for catch, effort, and origin data...
In 1971 the Fish Commission of Oregon conducted a comprehensive study of the recreational use of marine food fish, shellfish, and other miscellaneous invertebrates in 16 Oregon estuaries. From March 1 through October 31, 1971, boat and shore anglers and tideflat users were interviewed for catch, effort, and origin data...
In 1971 the Fish Commission of Oregon conducted a comprehensive study of the recreational use of marine food fish, shellfish, and other miscellaneous invertebrates in 16 Oregon estuaries. From March 1 through October 31, 1971, boat and shore anglers and tideflat users were interviewed for catch, effort, and origin data...
In 1971 the Fish Commission of Oregon conducted a comprehensive study of the recreational use of marine food fish, shellfish, and other miscellaneous invertebrates in 16 Oregon estuaries. From March 1 through October 31, 1971, boat and shore anglers and tideflat users were interviewed for catch, effort, and origin data...
In 1971 the Fish Commission of Oregon conducted a comprehensive study of the recreational use of marine food fish, shellfish, and other miscellaneous invertebrates in 16 Oregon estuaries. From March 1 through October 31, 1971, boat and shore anglers and tideflat users were interviewed for catch, effort, and origin data...
In 1971 the Fish Commission of Oregon conducted a comprehensive study of the recreational use of marine food fish, shellfish, and other miscellaneous invertebrates in 16 Oregon estuaries. From March 1 through October 31, 1971, boat and shore anglers and tideflat users were interviewed for catch, effort, and origin data...
The decline of many Pacific salmon stocks has stimulated interest in the early life history and habitat requirements of juvenile salmon. Although estuarine habitat associations of juvenile salmon have been investigated in many coastal areas of the eastern Pacific Ocean, until recently, little was known about juvenile salmonid ecology within...
During 1973 data was collected to analyze the seasonal variations of the tidal dynamics, water quality and sediments of the Alsea
Estuary. A summary of historical information with a list of all
known alterations to the estuary was made. A complete physical
description, including the geographical setting and mixing classification...
This report is one of a series prepared by the Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife (ODFW) which summarizes the physical and biological data for selected Oregon estuaries. The reports are intended to assist coastal planners and resource managers in Oregon in fulfilling the inventory and comprehensive plan requirements of...
This report is one of a series prepared by the Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife (ODFW) which summarizes the physical and biological data for selected Oregon estuaries. The reports are intended to assist coastal planners and resource managers in Oregon in fulfilling the inventory and comprehensive plan requirements of...
This report is one of a series prepared by the Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife (ODFW) which summarizes the physical and biological data for selected Oregon estuaries. The reports are intended to assist coastal planners and resource managers in Oregon in fulfilling the inventory and comprehensive plan requirements of...
This report is one of a series prepared by the Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife (ODFW) which summarizes the physical and biological data for selected Oregon estuaries. The reports are intended to assist coastal planners and resource managers in Oregon in fulfilling the inventory and comprehensive plan requirements of...
Tidal marshlands in the upper estuary ecotone provide essential habitat for
juvenile salmonids. In this environment, salmonids grow rapidly and acclimate to
saltwater. Worldwide, tidal marshes have been diked and drained to provide
agricultural and residential land. Tide gates are one-way doors integrated into
dike systems that prevent saltwater flooding...
Maps from the report "Modeling sea level rise impacts to Oregon’s tidal wetlands : Maps and prioritization tools to help plan for habitat conservation into the future.”
Maps from the report "Modeling sea level rise impacts to Oregon’s tidal wetlands : Maps and prioritization tools to help plan for habitat conservation into the future.”
Maps from the report "Modeling sea level rise impacts to Oregon’s tidal wetlands : Maps and prioritization tools to help plan for habitat conservation into the future.”
The mechanisms of mortality during critical life stages of fish are not well-understood and, for many species, it is not clear if the mechanisms are similar for naturally and artificially propagated individuals. For Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha), natural fish potentially face negative interactions, such as competition, and survival disadvantages, such...
Coastal cutthroat ecology: F-72-R-2 This document contains the initial results of a study initiated in 1965 to determine the magnitude of the cutthroat trout fishery on the Siuslaw River estuary, as well as the contribution of hatchery fish to the catch.
For the first objective of this thesis, we attempt to understand the role of water flow and directionality in determining steelhead (Oncorhynchus mykiss) and spring/summer and fall Chinook (O. tschawytscha) migration patterns within the Columbia River Estuary and plume by integrating recent advances in biotelemetry and environmental observation and forecasting...
A study of the scales of Umpqua River spring chinook salmon was made from mid-September to December 1, 1951. The study was undertaken to determine the age composition and probable life history of spring Chinooks in this river. The study was made at the Oregon State College Fisheries Research Laboratory...
Epiphytic diatom assemblages in the intertidal zone of Yaquina
Bay and estuary were obtained from the following host macrophytes:
Zostera marina, Fucus evanescens, and species of Enteromorpha,
Polysiphonia, and Ulva. Samples were collected in September 1970
and in January and May 1971 from seven stations approximately evenly
spaced between the...
Despite evidence that juvenile Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) utilize North Pacific estuaries for growth and salinity acclimation, research in the Columbia River estuary has lead to opposing hypotheses about the estuary’s importance as a salmon rearing environment. Many contemporary tagging studies indicate that salmon residency within the estuary is short...
The interest in collecting hydrographical data on Salmon River began as part of a generalized search for suitable hatchery sites on coastal streams in 1967. Because of the realization that the Salmon River did have significant potential for a hatchery, additional data have been collected in the intervening years. A...
This report discusses data collected in the Yaquina Estuary from July 1976 through December 1977 at 6-8 week intervals. Also summarized are recording salinometer, runoff and precipitation data from September 1967 through July 1968. Station names and locations for the 76-77 field data are shown in Figure 1. Figure 2...
Anecdotal evidence suggests many Pacific Northwest estuaries are filling with sediment due to historical logging activities in upstream watersheds. Using the Siletz River estuary as a case study, this research began by analyzing timber harvest and discharge records of the Siletz River watershed, and found that increased timber harvest coincides...
A two phase investigation was undertaken in an attempt to determine the effects of variations in salinity on the distribution of benthic estuarine diatoms. The estuary studied was that of the Yaquina River which originates in the Coast Range of western Oregon and discharges into the Pacific Ocean at the...
In 1971 the Fish Commission of Oregon conducted a comprehensive study of the recreational use of marine food fish, shellfish, and other miscellaneous invertebrates in 16 Oregon estuaries. From March 1 through October 31, 1971, boat and shore anglers and tideflat users were interviewed for catch, effort, and origin data...
At the Siuslaw Estuary or some adjacent areas, U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) Biologists John Annear, John Cornely, and Roy Lowe conducted 67 censuses; Maureen Woolington made 90 censuses, and Range Bayer completed 429 censuses. Unfortunately, these censuses do not give a complete picture of the seasonality, abundance,...
"The Willamette River has the largest runs of spring chinook salmon of any tributary of the Columbia River rising in Oregon. The run to the Willamette is most unique in that the migrating fish pass up the river through Portland, a city of several hundred thousand people, and support a...
This is a report of an investigation of possible damage to shellfish in the Siuslaw River estuary following the tsunami of March 27, 1964. Investigators did find some damage to clam beds, "However, the damage was not extensive and was limited primarily to the area around runoff channels." Includes map...
Reintroduction programs are used to re-establish species back into their historical habitat. Most reintroduction programs have failed and few papers have evaluated factors that may be important to Pacific salmon. The 158 meter tall Cougar Dam has blocked Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) from accessing 40 kilometers of historical spawning and...
A view-window counting station was operated at the Pacific Power and Light Company's dam on the North Umpqua River at Winchester, Douglas County, Oregon. The fish passing the dam each season were enumerated by species, according to a statistical sampling program established at Oregon State University. The counter recorded the...
Juvenile salmonids display highly variable spatial and temporal movement patterns that are influenced by density dependent (e.g., competition, predation) and density independent (e.g., genetics, stream discharge, physical habitat conditions) factors. The effects of these factors differ with fish life history stage, but will ultimately affect how salmonids utilize freshwater nursery...
"Primary objectives . . . were to document the wild salmonid species that utilize Salmon River as a spawning area, to determine their spatial and temporal distributions, and to measure the abundance of each species." (p.1) Adults and juveniles were studied.
A fish hatchery was built on the Salmon River and began operating in late 1976. The early part of this study describes pre-hatchery status of salmonids in the river. Later work formulated a hatchery-rearing program.
Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) have been absent from their historic spawning and rearing grounds in the Metolius River Basin in central Oregon since 1968, when fish passage was terminated at the Pelton Round Butte Hydroelectric Project on the Deschutes River. Plans have been developed to reestablish passage of anadromous fish...
In 1978, a 22 ha diked pasture in the Salmon River
estuary, Oregon, was restored to tidal influence. The
goal was to re-establish the original salt marsh. The
pasture had been diked for 17 years and was dominated by
upland pasture species. The site had also subsided by 30-
40...
"After a brief description of the setting of the Yaquina Estuary, estuarine dynamics and classification, and estuarine chemistry are presented. Then, temperature-salinity relations are reviewed using the Rattray-Officer model in simulating variable distributions reported by Callaway and Specht (1982) and Callaway (1991). Finally, the numerical models DynHyd and WASP are...
During a tagging operation conducted in 1951 on the Alsea River, 1,142 adult silver salmon were tagged with plastic Petersen-type tags and stainless steel jaw tags. An attempt was made to determine whether tagged fish released in different apparent conditions suffered differential mortalities. Under the hypothesis that the recovery of...
Local interests had requested reinforcing dikes and dams in the Toledo and Pooles Slough areas, as well as work in the Mill Four district and Boones and Nutes Sloughs. While the Pooles Slough and Toledo area work was rejected, in the name of flood control work on the Mill Four...
Reports on an investigation of a request by the C.D. Johnson Lumber Company to construct a log boom two miles below Toledo on the Yaquina River. Local residents were concerned that the boom would damage clam beds. Includes a hand-drawn map of the area.
As highlighted in this study, shallow-water habitats and the prey they provide are important for juvenile salmon in the Columbia River estuary, but the spread of invasive species and large-scale changes to the estuary influence how these habitats are utilized. Reed canarygrass (Phalaris arundinacea) (“PHAR” hereafter) is a highly invasive...
Results of this study suggest that laboratory growth of full-sib families of five month old Pacific oyster spat can be predictive of growth to market size at different grow-out sites. Seven to ten millimeter spat were selected from each of fifteen full-sib families and commercially available polyploids. Each family was...
A number of steelhead (Oncorhynchus mykiss) populations are at risk throughout Oregon, including five populations that are federally listed as threatened or endangered. However, little is known about behavior and survival of these fish as they transition from freshwater to seawater. We investigated whether estuarine survival varies on a temporal...
This document describes the life history and abundance of both the spring Chinook salmon and the Silver salmon in the Willamette River. It also goes into detail about various factors affecting Willamette salmon runs., including pollution, dams, and logging.
Spring Chinook salmon, Oncorhynchus tshawytscha, are transported above dams in the Willamette River to provide access to blocked spawning habitat. However, 30-95% of these transplants may die before spawning in some years. To varying degrees, salmon in other tributaries--both blocked and unblocked--have similar prespawn mortality (PSM). Our study determined if...
The SLICES framework is intended for use in making decisions about conservation and restoration in the Willamette River floodplain. It makes use of distinct spatial units, called slices, for planning and tracking change in the floodplain. The Juvenile Spring Chinook Habitat ca. 2010 Technical Report describes the two associated attributes...
Juvenile Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) exhibit an array of life history tactics in Oregon's Willamette River Basin, yet we do not know to what extent it is driven by phenotypic plasticity or whether it is predetermined and how conditions in the early rearing environment may affect phenotype expression. We have...
from the summer dry season to the winter wet season. Such movement that connects summer and winter habitats may be particularly important for coho salmon, O. kisutch, because availability of overwintering habitat can limit freshwater survival for this species. Here, I describe basin-scale variability in the spatial pattern of fall...
This study examined the distribution and behavior of adult spring chinook salmon
(Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) related to patterns of stream temperature and physical
habitat at channel unit, reach, and basin-wide spatial scales in both a wilderness stream
and a disturbed stream in the John Day River basin in northeastern Oregon. Thermal...
"With the implementation of the recreational shellfish license in 2004, ODFW decided to re-initiate a study of the recreational component of the Dungeness crab fishery. The pilot study was performed to assess the effort and catch of recreational Dungeness crabbers on the Columbia River estuary during the fall and winter...
This report concerns the disposal of dredging spoil in the Rogue River estuary in 1948. Since there were few shellfish resources existing in the estuary at the time, Oregon Fish Commission biologists had no objection to make to the disposal of the dredged materials.
Oregon's only remaining non-reservoir population of adfluvial bull trout (Salvelinus confluentus) is found in Odell Lake, in the headwaters of the Deschutes River. The population size is unknown, but appears to be quite small. Limited spawning and rearing habitats, combined with the effects of introduced species and other anthropogenic changes...
Stream restoration techniques in western Oregon and Washington include
physical habitat restoration and more recently the addition of salmon carcasses to
improve food availability for juvenile fish. Although both are common practices, few
studies have examined the effects of carcass placement and the interaction of nutrient
enrichment with physical habitat...
The goal of this report is to develop information to benefit the planning and operation of marinas within the CREST area, as well as to generate data for use by local Chambers of Commerce, planners, regulatory agencies, Port Authorities and private developers. It is, however, the commercial, charter and recreational...
Evidence for reduced reproductive success (RS) of wild spawning hatchery-reared fish invites serious consideration with regard to the detrimental effects on subsequent generations of wild populations. Mate choice was evaluated as a potential mechanism contributing to these observed RS differences using a previous pedigree of wild spawning hatchery-reared and wild...
Hatcheries are often perceived as a source of pathogen amplification, potentially increasing disease risk to free-ranging populations; at the same time, free-ranging fishes may introduce pathogens into hatcheries through untreated water sources. Many pathogens exist naturally within the environment (with the exception of introduced pathogens) and the presence of a...
The fitness of female Pacific salmon (Oncorhynchus spp.) with respect to breeding behavior can be partitioned into at least four components: survival to reproduction, competition for breeding sites, success of egg incubation, and suitability of the local environment near breeding sites for early rearing of juveniles. Accordingly, breeding sites should...
Research on the distribution of juvenile salmonids in streams has been dominated by studies examining small areas over short periods. However, information relevant to freshwater influences on population persistence is likely to derive from longer-term, multi-scale studies. Relationships were examined among juvenile anadromous salmonids, their freshwater habitat, and landscape characteristics...