Long-standing research has highlighted the critical role of physical and outdoor activities for children’s health and wellbeing. During the COVID-19 pandemic, children and youth around the world experienced heightened stress and poor mental health, which coincided with a decrease in active play and increase in screen-based activities. This work aims...
In the spring of 2020, the COVID-19 pandemic began. This prompted quarantines, mask mandates, and stopped many businesses and services. This study asked the question of what people decided to do in terms of their recreation habits in response to the pandemic. We took a sample of Oregon State University...
Impedance measurements are increasingly demanded in modern CMOS sensing systems as impedance is the most common electrical signal obtained from sensors, delivering physical, chemical and biomedical quantity changes. Impedance sensing for wide interested frequency, broad dynamic range, and various sensor interfaces has numerous challenges, especially targeted in CMOS miniaturization with...
Supplementary materials included in the follow review:
Shen, X., & Masek, L. (2023). The playful mediator, moderator, or outcome? An integrative review of the roles of play and playfulness in adult-centered psychological Interventions for mental health. The Journal of Positive Psychology. 10.1080/17439760.2023.2288955
The primary purpose of this study was to try to (1) provide information on the chemical nature, including turbidity formation, of polygalacturonic acid in different concentrations of NaCl solution. (2) use turbidity formation characteristics to develop an assay for determining the activities polygalacturonic acid depolymerases by using a polyelectrolyte. (3)...
North American bird populations have declined throughout the past half century. The majority of studies quantifying these declines have focused on spring and summer breeding birds; not the season of scarcity, winter. We re-surveyed 7 large study plots in Douglas fir forests initially surveyed in winter during the late 1960s...
With current nonlinear analysis computer capabilities, this
study was conducted to develop a linkage element that permits
analyses of wood composite structures taking into account possible
slip in the nailed joints. The finite elements chosen to represent the wood stud, plywood, gypsum and nails are described. The
method as applied...
This thesis presents the creep properties and the relations
between stress and strain of "Expanded 460KV", "Chukar" and
"Drake" conductors. The basic theories of the effect of load,
material, and temperature on the conductor are also briefly
discussed.
The long time creep curve of a conductor appears as a
straight...
The zirconium-chromium phase diagram was investigated in the
region between 40% and 85% chromium. The ZrCr₂ intermetallic
compound which has been the source of some controversy was especially
considered. It was found that ZrCr₂ transforms from the low
temperature C-15 (MgCu₂, FCC) structure to the high temperature
C-14 (MgZn₂, HCP)...
Oceanic uptake of rising anthropogenic CO₂ emissions has caused the emergence of ocean acidification as a major threat to marine ecosystems worldwide. Along eastern boundary current systems, seawater is naturally acidified due to coastal upwelling of low pH seawater from depth. Compounded by ocean acidification, upwelling regions are expected to...
Vibrio parahaemolyticus is the leading cause of foodborne illnesses associated with seafood consumption. Consuming raw or undercooked seafood contaminated with V. parahaemolyticus can result in development of acute gastroenteritis with symptoms of nausea, vomiting, abdominal cramping and watery diarrhea within 24 hours of infection. Illness is usually self-limited and lasts...
The enzymes of dNTP synthesis in T4 infection associate to form a multienzyme complex, the T4 dNTP synthetase complex, facilitating the flow of metabolites en route to dNTPs, and their subsequent flow into DNA. Study of protein-protein interactions helps one to understand how the enzymes in the complex are organized...
A computer program called SAPWOOD which possesses the
capability of performing linear or nonlinear, static or
dynamic response including seismic excitation for wood-framed
buildings with semirigid connection systems is
presented in this study. Program SAPWOOD is a modification
of the program NONSAP by adding new elements such as a
linkage...
It has been verified by theoretical analysis, circuit simulation and test that two
switch transistors in parallel in a simple sample and hold circuit can be achieve high speed
with low error voltage due to charge injection. The wide transistor provides low RC time
constant when it is closed and...
The experiments explained in this Honors thesis are focused on finding a cellular model for analyzing Bcl11b, a transcription factor dysregulated in 20% of cases of T-cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (T-ALL). Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia is the most common childhood cancer. Because T-ALL is a result of incorrect thymocyte development, research...
Protein secondary structure prediction plays a pivotal role in predicting protein folding in three-dimensions. Its task is to assign each residue one of the three secondary structure classes helix, strand, or random coil. This is an instance of the problem of sequential supervised learning in machine learning. This thesis describes...
High speed and high resolution analog-to-digital converter is a key building block for broadband wireless communications, high definition video applications, medical images and so on. By leveraging the down scaling of the latest CMOS technology and the noise shaping properties, delta-sigma (ΔΣ) ADCs are able to achieve wide-band operation and...
Knowledge workers are struggling in the information flood. There is a growing interest in intelligent desktop environments that help knowledge workers organize their daily life. Intelligent desktop environments allow the desktop user to define a set of “activities” that characterize the user’s desktop work. These environments then attempt to identify...
This study investigates the hydrodynamic characteristics of droplet impinging on heated surfaces using High Speed High Resolution (HSHR) imaging and evaluates the effect of surface temperature and using water and a nanofluid on a polished and a nano-structured surface. Three types of surfaces are used in the
study: polished silicon,...
Simulation has provided much design inspiration for the field of robotics. While many astute ideas can be computationally formulated, there are some good structures in animals that people call “biologically-inspired”. Many robots are designed based on natural creatures such as crabs, spiders, etc. Before we can take full advantage of...
One of the motives of China's Economic Reform is to bring Western
management techniques to China to further economic development. The miraculous
success of the Special Economic Zone (SEZ) in Shenzhen, Guangdong has attracted
many foreign investors who gladly bring their management expertise. This thesis looks
at small, medium and...
A new system called sequential/parallel matrix grammars
for two-dimensional pattern processing is introduced and studied.
Miscellaneous language operations such as union, catenation (row
and column), Kleene's closure (row and column) and substitutions
are investigated. The equivalence of sequential/parallel matrix
languages and finite-turn repetitive checking automata is established.
Hierarchies for both...
This paper surveys the activity recognition task from a machine learning perspective. I give a definition of this problem, and I classify different activity recognition problems into two categories. I show the activities can be hierarchical, and based on such hierarchies I synthesize a language to describe activities. I give...
Organellar DNA sequences are widely used in evolutionary and population genetic studies, however, the conservative nature of chloroplast gene and genome evolution often limits phylogenetic resolution and statistical power. To gain maximal access to the historical record contained within chloroplast genomes, we have adapted multiplex sequencing-by-synthesis (MSBS) to simultaneously sequence...
The upper reach of the Hutuo River flows along the Xin-Ding basin and cuts a transverse drainage
through Xizhou Mountain and Taihang Range into the North China Plain. Previous studies showed
that the Xin-Ding basin was occupied by a lake during the Early-Middle Pleistocene. However,
the timing of the paleolake...
In this study, we developed a simple and efficient Bacillus subtilis genome editing method in which targeted gene(s) could be inactivated by single-stranded PCR product(s) flanked by short homology regions and in-frame deletion could be achieved by incubating the transformants at 42 degrees C. In this process, homologous recombination (HR)...
The effect of quasi-hydrostatic pressure upon the ferromagnetic ground state of magnetodielectric, double-
perovskite La₂ MnNiO₆ is investigated using x-ray absorption spectroscopy and diffraction measurements in a
diamond anvil cell. The Mn-O-Ni superexchange interaction that gives rise to ferromagnetism in this cation-
ordered structure is stable to at least 38...
Anthozoa-class red fluorescent proteins (RFPs) are frequently used as biological markers, with far-red (lambda(em) similar to 600-700 nm) emitting variants sought for whole-animal imaging because biological tissues are more permeable to light in this range. A barrier to the use of naturally occurring RFP variants as molecular markers is that...
European hazelnut (Corylus avellana L.) is an important crop Oregon's Willamette Valley, producing 99% of the hazelnuts grown in North America and brings over US $60 million dollars to the region annually. Hazelnuts are rich in fiber and vitamins, as well in demand by consumers due to their popularity as...
Comparative morphological and anatomical studies of the dispersal mechanisms
characterizing the wheat complex (Triticum L. and Aegilops L.) have documented
patterns of adaptive radiation which may have significance for evolutionary
relationships. These patterns, which form an array of diverse types of diaspores
among the diploid taxa, appear conceptually to have...
With the ongoing crisis of biodiversity loss and limited resources for conservation, the concept of biodiversity hotspots has been useful in determining conservation priority areas. However, there has been limited research into how temporal variability in biodiversity may influence conservation area prioritization. To address this information gap, we present an...
While there is a persistent inverse relationship between latitude and species diversity across many taxa and ecosystems, deviations from this norm offer an opportunity to understand the conditions that contribute to large-scale diversity patterns. Marine systems, in particular, provide such an opportunity, as marine diversity does not always follow a...
The level of polymorphisms of many biochemical and DNA markers are low in
cultivated sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.). The number of mapped public DNA
markers is limited. Molecular markers have not been developed for the most
important diseases of sunflower, such as downy mildew. The objectives of this
study were...
Human exposure to the carcinogenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P) and dibenzo[a,l]pyrene (DB[a,l]P) is through environmental complex mixtures, such as urban dust particulate matter (UDPM) and diesel exhaust (DE), however the potency of these PAH within a mixture is not established. To determine the effect of these mixtures on...
Greenhouse and field grown coffee plants were used to
study the synchronization of flowering and fruiting. The
purpose of these studies was to develop methods of
improving the selective harvesting of mature coffee fruits
by machine. The studies were divided into 4 parts: 1)
Synchronization of flowering, 2) Synchronization of...
Morphological changes in five clonally propagated genotypes
of Agrostis L. resulting from variations in environment were
studied in six natural environments extending from southern Oregon
to northern British Columbia. These same clones were also subjected
to four different cutting heights in turf plots. In addition to
the field experiments, they...
Background: Since whole genome sequences of rice were made publically accessible, the number of articles on new rice genes has increased remarkably. The Committee on Gene Symbolization, Nomenclature and Linkage (CGSNL) of the Rice Genetics Cooperative published the gene nomenclature system for rice and encouraged researchers to follow the rules...
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are among the most widely known and studied environmental contaminants, originating from a range of natural and anthropogenic sources. PAHs are known to occur in the environment as complex mixtures, containing both unsubstituted PAHs, as well as a range of PAH derivatives. Among the less-studied of...
The effects of selection on genome variation were investigated and visualized in tomato using a high-density single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) array. 7,720 SNPs were genotyped on a collection of 426 tomato accessions (410 inbreds and 16 hybrids) and over 97% of the markers were polymorphic in the entire collection. Principal...
Red radish (Raphanus sativus L.) anthocyanins were extracted from liquid
nitrogen powdered epidermal tissue using acetone and chloroform and isolated using
C-18 resin. Chemical structure and conformation of major pigments were elucidated
by 1-D and 2-D NMR, Mass Spectroscopy, HPLC, and spectral analyses. Two novel
di-acylated anthocyanins, pelargonidin 3-0-[2-0-(β-D-glucopyranosyl)-(6-0- trans-p-coumaroyl-...
Birdsfoot trefoil (Lotus corniculatus L.) is a popular perennial, non-bloating forage legume used for pasture, hay and silage throughout the temperate regions of Europe, Asia Minor, North Africa and North and South America. It is regarded as the most morphologically and biochemically variable species in the genus. Research investigating the...
European hazelnut is a significant crop in the Pacific Northwest, and the US ranks
4th internationally for hazelnut production. Production in the Pacific Northwest is
threatened, however, by the disease eastern filbert blight (EFB) caused by the fungus
Anisogramma anomala (Peck) E. Müller. To meet the challenges faced by the...
Throughout their lifetime individuals are exposed to complex mixtures of chemicals. The study of chemical mixtures is an internationally recognized research priority, but seemingly complex challenge. To reduce the intricacy of studying mixtures, researchers have identified different prioritization methods based on exposure or the toxicity of chemicals. However, understanding the...
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and oxygen-substituted PAHs (OPAHs) are environmental contaminants present in urban air, dust, soil and water resulting from incomplete combustion of organic materials or fossil fuels; found in crude oil and coal; and formed through photoxidation or biotransformation of microbial. It is widely recognized that PAHs pose...
Zebrafish (Danio rerio) have become an increasingly important model organism for cancer research. There are several cancer models in which neoplasms are induced chemically or genetically. However, spontaneous (unknown etiology) neoplasms are rather common in zebrafish, particularly in older fish. For over a decade, spontaneous intestinal neoplasia and preneoplastic intestinal...
Nanoscale polymers (including nanoplastics) are widely present through commerce and make their way into the environment. As the improper disposal of plastic waste leads to continued accumulation and degradation of plastic pollution, the presence of plastic particles less than 1 micron (μm) in size (nanoplastics) will increase. Heightened concern over...
There is significant interest in the fabrication of nano- and micro-structured silica with spatially ordered features, which exhibit enhanced optoelectronic properties with application to the next generation of display devices, semiconductors, and sensors. Currents methods of fabrication employ top down processes which use extremes of temperature, pressure, and power. There...
Laser Powder Bed Fusion (LPBF) is a process commonly used to create additively manufactured metal parts. The flexibility and complexity allowed by the LPBF process provides opportunity for significant advancement in multiple industries as parts can be customized in shape and function for specific needs. These benefits can be compounded...
Pregnant and weanling rats were fed liquid diets with
or without 30 percent of total kcal from ethanol and varying
levels of copper in order to determine if ethanol ingestion would
exaggerate a marginal copper status to an obvious copper
deficiency. Pregnant albino rats were fed either 0.75 or 3.75...
The emerging field of regenerative medicine is mainly approached by two different aspects. First is the use of stem cell based models to generate a suite of differentiated cells for therapeutic applications and the alternative approach is to utilize the non-mammalian models that have the inherent capacity to regenerate their...
Nanoparticles (NPs), defined as materials having at least one dimension (height, width, diameter) in the nanoscale, are increasingly being incorporated into a wide variety of products and are replacing traditional bulk materials in many applications. This is because they can be more efficacious, more sustainable, and can have unique characteristics...
The use of semi-volatile organic compounds (SOCs) as molecular markers to identify the contributions of regional and long-range atmospheric transport, as well as current and historic sources, and contaminant deposition in remote ecosystems of the Western U.S. was investigated. Trans-Pacific air masses influenced by Siberian biomass burning events had elevated...
The focus of this study was to examine and record
the physical changes brought about by the breaching of the
Siltcoos Foredune. The origin of the dunes and the physical
processes that operate there must be considered before
effects due to the breach can be studied. A series of field...
The methane monooxygenase (MMO) enzyme, used by methylotrophs
to oxidize methane, has been shown to possess quite broad substrate
specificity, being able to oxidize many organic compounds including
n-alkanes, n-alkenes, ethers, and aromatic, alicyclic, and
heterocyclic compounds. In this research, it was sought to
determine whether a gas-permeable-membrane-supported (GPMS) biofilm...
Wearable electronic devices are becoming increasingly widespread and are being used to fulfill a variety of needs. These devices range from purely infotainment type systems such as smartwatches and fitness oriented devices to specialized medical devices such as insulin pumps and heart-rate monitors. A challenge faced with all of these...
The overall reduced funding from public education in the United States has sparked a backlash across the country. Citing inadequate resources, low pay, and an inability to control the direction of their classroom, teachers in seven states (West Virginia, Oklahoma, Kentucky, Colorado, Arizona, North Carolina, and Washington) halted instruction time...
Multiprocessor computers may eventually be the only method of
increasing computer throughout. One of the major problems with
multiprocessor computers is the interference or contention between
processors when accessing a shared resource. This work describes the
design, construction, and analysis of a prototype multiprocessor computer utilizing a replicated shared memory...
The level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is tightly regulated in biological systems as overproduction can lead to oxidative stress and result in a number of diseases. Due to its negative effects, antioxidants are studied and used against ROS in medicine, pharmaceuticals and therapeutics. Because of issues with the uptake...
This research studied the relationship between three input variables and outcomes related to the use of quality circles (QCC) in a Chinese manufacturing company. After a thorough review of the literature, three managerial input variables were identified, including goal clarity, goal difficulty, and management support. Five outcomes were measured, including...
Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are a broad class of anthropogenic chemicals characterized by highly stable carbon-fluorine (C-F) bonds. PFAS are widely used in industrial and consumer products for their surface-active and stain-resistant properties and are ubiquitously detected in environmental media, biota, and human biomatrices. Although some PFAS are known...
All animals have developed the critical ability to detect, respond to, and detoxify a large array of environmental chemicals and stressors that can cause adverse health effects. Important examples of landmark contaminants around the world are polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and dioxins, both of which can act via the aryl...
Atmospheric fine particulate matter (PM2.5) has been linked to the death of 7 million people per year around the planet. The organic portion of PM2.5 is responsible for increases in oxidative stress, inflammation, mutation and carcinogenesis. Anthropogenic activity releases more organic material into the atmosphere, and has increased the amount...
In recent decades, there has been increased attention on human exposure to, and subsequently toxicity of, Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs). PAHs are widespread organic pollutants and some have been shown to be toxic, carcinogenic and mutagenic. This research was focused on understanding the link between global PAH emissions and lung...
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Staci L. Massey Simonich
In recent decades, there has been increased attention on human
The imposing andesite stratovolcano is the characteristic expression of subduction zone magmatism, posing hazards to coastal populations and bearing insight into deep Earth processes. On a map of a typical volcanic arc, one can easily distinguish the approximately linear alignment and regular spacing of these major edifices that stand out...
Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are contaminants of concern because they do not readily degrade in the environment. Some in vivo studies report that PFAS alter neurological development and are carcinogenic. Perfluorohexanesulfonamide (FHxSA) and 6:2 fluorotelomer sulfonate (6:2 FTS) are two PFASs, which are often detected in drinking water sources....
Many pesticides, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), polybrominated diphenyl ethers
(PBDEs), and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons are persistent, bio-accumulative, and
toxic. These semi-volatile organic compounds (SOCs) can undergo atmospheric
transport and deposition in cold, remote ecosystems. A better understanding of their
accumulation in the fish of these ecosystems is important to better predict...
Chilling requirements of 43 apple and 38 pear cultivars
were estimated over a 2 year period by cutting shoots in the
field at weekly intervals and forcing them in a warm
greenhouse for 4 weeks. For apples, the mean values ranged
from 490 Chill Units (CU) +- 1 for 'Dorsett...
Nursery and greenhouse products are economically important agricultural commodities for Oregon and Washington. Nursery crops including tree seedlings can be damaged or killed by soilborne plant pathogens, which can be challenging to manage because of their persistence in soil and limited options for control. Soil solarization is a pre-planting soil...
Zebrafish are capable of fully regenerating organs and tissue such as their caudal fin, which is similar to a human regrowing an arm or a leg. In contrast, most mammals including humans have a greatly reduced capacity for wound healing. The ability of zebrafish to undergo this regenerative process, called...
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Robert L. Tanguay
Zebrafish are capable of fully regenerating organs and tissue such as
The main objectives of the current study were to obtain the complete cDNA sequence of an opioid-like receptor from an amphibian, the roughskin newt, Taricha granulosa, and investigate the receptor's tissue distribution and regulation following chronic exposure to the glucocorticoid corticosterone (CORT). Degenerate primers designed in highly conserved regions of...
Plant growth, development, and environmental responsiveness are
dependent on hormone-induced gene expression. This dissertation reports
multiple interactions between the plant hormones auxin and ethylene and
investigates their contribution to the gravitropic response, elongation
growth, adventitious root formation, callus and tracheary element initiation
and growth, and flower development.
Four mutants of...
Plant hormones regulate progression through the different phases of plant development in response to endogenous and environmental cues. Gene expression studies, as well as genetic and molecular analysis of mutants with altered hormonal responses, are two common approaches to elucidate hormone response pathways. This dissertation compares ovary and fruit development...
Repurposing internal combustion engines as petrochemical reactors (i.e., Reactor engines) could offer a smaller, scalable alternative to traditional full scale chemical processing facilities. For many chemical processes, incorporating catalyst particles in fluidized beds is expected to result in superior performance over both monoliths and packed beds. Conversion of ethane into...
Numerous human conditions would be improved if therapies to encourage tissue regeneration were available. The goal of regenerative medicine is to encourage the body's intrinsic ability to repair and restore tissues lost by disease, injury or aging. While certain vertebrates have the inherent capacity to regenerate, mammals do not. To...
Managed care plans purport to improve the health of their members with chronic diseases. How has the growing adoption of Medicare Advantage (MA), the managed care program for Medicare beneficiaries, affected the progression of chronic disease? The literature is rich with articles focusing on managed care organizations' impacts on quality...
This thesis describes an investigation of the natural products chemistry of two fungal species of the genus Tolypocladium. Natural products are small organic molecules that are considered non-essential for cell growth and reproduction, and thus part of secondary metabolism. Chemical profiling of these secondary metabolites using a combination of high-performance...
The Elk River Basin drains 93 sq ml of steep forested terrain
on the west side of the Klamath Mountains in Southwest Oregon.
This river and its tributaries support a diverse and abundant
population of anadromous fish; a hatchery located at river mile 13
(km 21) supplements these native populations....
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are a group of environmental contaminants consisting of fused benzene rings. Parent-PAHs, methylated-PAHs (MPAHs), and PAHs with molecular weight of 302 a.m.u (MW302-PAHs) are considered as unsubstituted-PAHs. These unsubstituted-PAHs undergo transformation reactions resulting in the formation of PAH-transformation products (PAH-TPs), or substituted-PAHs, including nitrated-, oxygenated-, and...
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Staci L. Massey Simonich
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are a group of
The closed insulated pallet system (CIPS) was evaluated for growth, yield, and
fruit quality of tomato genotypes with determinate growth habit. Plants were irrigated
with several levels of sodium chloride (NaCl) salinized water. Tomato growth and yield
were significantly greater in CIPS than in conventional surface-irrigated containers,
regardless of irrigation...
The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) is a ligand activated transcription factor that is a member of the basic helix-loop-helix PER-ARNT-SIM (bHLH/PAS) protein family of cellular sensors. The AHR is conserved across multiple animal phyla and is required for proper vertebrate development. A structurally diverse group of chemicals, including polycyclic aromatic...
Under-5 mortality has decreased globally, but millions of children still die every year. In Bangladesh, respiratory infection and diarrheal disease remain leading causes of morbidity and mortality for children under-5, despite incredible progress in the past three decades. Immune system development begins in utero and continues into adulthood. Toxic environmental...
On coral reefs, disturbances rarely occur in isolation. Global stressors such as increasing seawater temperature often coincide with local stressors like nutrient pollution. In the face of increasing anthropogenic stress, corals can function as environmental sentinels, although little is known about how multiple stressors interact to disrupt their associated bacterial...
Over the last decades, CMOS-integrated sensors have made impressive progress in performance, form-factor, and energy-efficiency for various applications such as imaging, physical/chemical sensing, bio/health monitoring. In the era of the artificial intelligence (AI) and the internet-of-things (IoT), such CMOS-integrated sensors are essential for massive and comprehensive data acquisition, where sensing...
A long-term energy storage technology is necessary to utilize Oregon’s curtailed renewable energy, an issue the state faces, even with a low percentage of renewable energy in the energy mix. This report proposes a system design that details how hydrogen power-to-gas technology can be used in conjunction with the existing...