Hop tissue (Humulus lupulus L.) was grown in vitro in
callus, suspension, and protoplast cultures. Medium
components were evaluated for optimal callus growth.
Solid Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium with picloram at 1.5
uM, 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) at 10 uM, 1 g/1 casein
hydrolysate, and 100 mg/1 citric acid induced white,...
Dietary protein intake has been observed to influence the induction
of cancer in animals exposed to carcinogens, presumably by affecting the
activities of enzyme systems which metabolize them. One such carcinogen
is aflatoxin B₁ (AFB₁) a mold metabolite and frequent contaminant of
foodstuffs. Variations in the levels of dietary proteins...
Triplicate groups of rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri) fed six
diets; five based on fish protein concentrate (FPC) ranging in caloric
density from 4.36 to 6.19 kcal/g, and one based on vitamin free
casein with a caloric density of 5.26 kcal/g were evaluated with
respect to diet ingredient utilization. The parameters...
Selected parameters that affect crude toxin production in both
primary culture (growing cell culture) and resting culture were
examined during efforts to produce sufficient crude toxin for purification.
The parameters included carbohydrate and label source and
concentration, cell concentration, incubation time and temperature
and shaker speed. A higher yield of...
Factors limiting effective extraction and purification of bean
yellow mosaic virus (BYMV) were investigated. Since the use of published
techniques for purifying BYMV resulted in low yields of partially
purified virus, an improved method for partial purification of this
virus was developed. The following treatments of infectious crude extract
decreased...
This thesis concerns the alteration of the course of selective
protein synthesis and morphogenesis in plants treated with growth
regulating chemicals. Treatment of 48-hour-old "Alaska" pea seedlings
(Pisum sativum L.) with 2, 4-D, IAA, NAA or picloram caused
inhibition of epicotyl and primary root elongation and proliferation of
massed lateral...
Rainbow trout were fed semi-purified diets containing cyclopropenoid
fatty acids, and the biological effects of these acids were
investigated. These fatty acids occur naturally in cottonseed oil and
have been implicated in a large number of physiological disorders.
Included in this study was an investigation of the pattern of deposition...
Malonaldehyde, a very reactive member of the homologous
series of dialdehydes, is associated with the autoxidative deterioration
of lipids. Its measurement, in autoxidized lipid systems is an
expression of the extent of oxidation, in lipids. Malonaldehyde lends
itself well to such determinations because of the sensitivity and
specificity of its...
The biological preparation of aflatoxins was accomplished by
culturing the mold Aspergillus flavus on various media. Aflatoxin
was isolated by chloroform extraction of the culture, and purified
by column fractionation and crystallization. Rice, wheat, soya bean,
peanut and YES media were found to give high yields of aflatoxin. It
was...
The aflatoxins, carcinogenic and toxic mold metabolites
of Aspergillus flavus, were isolated and determined
in cottonseed meal and other feedstuffs. This new
quantitative method uses an acetone soxhlet extraction to
remove the toxins from the defatted meal. The residual
triglycerides, phospholipids and pigments were removed
from the acetone by filtration...
Malonaldehyde, a three carbon dialdehyde, is one of the numerous
carbonyl compounds associated with oxidative deterioration of
food lipids. It is assumed to be formed as a product of lipid autoxidation
occurring according to the generally accepted free radical
mechanism. This compound is of great interest because of its potential...
The variation in fatty acid composition between the "bound" and
"free" lipid in stored anchovy meal was determined using gas-liquid
chromatographic analysis. A model system of fresh anchovy oil on
powdered lactalbumin was also studied to determine the changes in
extractability and fatty acid composition which occur during oxidation.
All...
A method was devised and tested for rapid and quantitative
identification of microbial flora in fresh seafoods. The rapid
identification of large numbers of isolates was made possible by
(1) a simplified identification scheme established by reference
culture studies and from the known reactions of microorganisms
reported in the literature,...
The use of gas chromatography for the separation, comparison,
and subsequent identification of flavor volatiles from food
products has proven highly successful in recent years. The
development of various techniques for the concentration of the
volatiles before gas chromatographic analysis has greatly extended
the use of this important analytical tool....
The reactions of aldehydes with proteins are of nutritional and
physiological significance. The nutritive value of food materials can
be impaired by a reaction necessitating additional dietary protein,
and enzymes have been shown in vitro to be inhibited by reactions
with aldehydes.
Aldehydes present may arise from the autoxidation of...
The lipid composition of swine is characteristic of the species
and is also a reflection of their dietary history. Other investigators
have established that the physical properties and composition of
swine depot fat may be altered by variation of the dietary lipid.
Dietary regimens employing vegetable oil-bearing materials and
their...
The quality of radiation-pasteurized halibut stored at 34°F
was evaluated subjectively and objectively over a period of 18 weeks.
Results of flavor evaluation and chemical analyses showed that the
storage life of halibut irradiated at 0.50, 0.75 and 1.00 megarad was
extended more than threefold. Although irradiated samples were
consistently...
Pasteurization radiation offers a new means of extending the
refrigerated storage life of foods. This procedure avoids many of
the undesirable changes which result when sterilization radiation is
used and still eliminates most of the spoilage organisms.
Shrimp was treated with 5 ppm chlortetracycline and subjected
to pasteurization levels of...