In collecting our representative flowering
plants, we have endeavored to secure a specimen of each
common genus of annuals and biennials as well as a few
shrubs. The notes, drawings, and classification of fifty of these plants constitute the main part of our thesis. Following are the classifications of various...
The purpose of this thesis was to create a sustained piece of fiction that both represented my growth as a writer throughout my time at Oregon State University, and wove together a mixture of imagination, language, and creativity. My hope was to write a novella that incorporated and drew from...
As important ecological cornerstones, coral reefs face threats from a myriad of sources, such as global climate change, and importantly, disease, the latter often as a result of microbial pathogens. An understudied group of major corals, fire corals, and their even less understood microbiome present an opportunity to learn more...
This monograph gives a brief biography of Grace McCormac French (1881- 1957), who was the "Bird Woman" of the Carlton and Dayton area in Yamhill County from about 1925 to her death. She wrote articles for newspapers, gave talks on radio stations, and spoke at many clubs about birds and...
The US airline industry is going through a period of consolidation through mergers between leading airlines. A number of recent mergers have been approved by the Antitrust Division of the Department of Justice (DOJ) based on the presence of Southwest Airlines in merger-affected markets. In doing so, the DOJ makes...
We characterize how regional watersheds function as simple, dynamic systems through a series of hysteresis loops. These loops illustrate the temporal relationship between runoff and terrestrial water storage using measurements from NASA's Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) satellites in three regional-scale watersheds (>150 000 km² ) of the Columbia...
We characterize how regional watersheds function as simple, dynamic systems through a series of hysteresis loops using measurements from NASA's Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) satellites. These loops illustrate the temporal relationship between runoff and terrestrial water storage in three regional-scale watersheds (> 150 000 km²) of the Columbia...
Any woman's wardrobe is important, as it is to a
great extent an indication of her character. A High
School teacher, holding the position she does, as a director
of the aims and ideals of young girls must be especially
careful in her dress. Her clothing should be
neat, well...
Purpose of the Study
The purpose of this study was to determine if eighth grade
students taking industrial arts education for the first time would
experience a significant shift in beliefs about the problem solving
process and have class performance altered by participation in project
Occupational Versatility. In order to...
Altitudinal variations in upland regions of the earth create
variable climatic zones and conditions. Plant and animal
communities must adapt to these conditions, and when they reach
their tolerance limits for environmental conditions at the upper
levels of a zone, they cease to exist in the environment. Humans
also utilize...
Over 90 percent of the soy, cotton, and corn sold in the United States are genetically modified crops (GM crops). However, there was a 209 percent growth in USDA certified organic food from 2005-2015, reflecting a growing interest in non-GMO food. The policy debate over GM crops takes place between...
Based on a pilot study completed near Heceta
Beach, Oregon, guidelines have been proposed for
the development of Oregon coastal sand areas.
The guidelines, in the form of performance standards
are designed with respect to the variability of
coastal sand areas. Landscape units and vegetation
associations were grouped to reflect...
Two fishery management innovations developed in New Zealand are described. The first is a programme of “self-monitoring” of the catch through the biological sampling by the skipper or a crew member on the vessel. The intent of this programme is to take a small sample of many units of effort...
This paper demonstrates the effectiveness of a heuristic for
the Traveling Salesman Problem based purely on the efficient
storage of multiple partial sub-tours. The heuristic is among the
best available for the solution of large scale geometric Traveling
Salesman Problems. Additionally, a version of the heuristic can be
used to...
There is probably no article of diet of animal
origin more commonly eaten in all countries or served
in a greater variety of ways than eggs. Milk is the
nearest rival and it resembles eggs in that both are
intended by nature for food for the young. Although
not a...
Gender-based violence (GBV) is a pervasive public health issue that continues to affect women globally. GBV is estimated to impact 37% of Botswanan women, exceeding the average global prevalence of 30%. This investigation takes place within the Botswana Global Health Initiative, a collaboration led by OSU researchers, the community of...
Cascadia is the physiographic region defined by the active tectonics and attendant geo-hazards of the Cascadia Subduction Zone. In contrast to many other coastal environments in the U.S., geo-hazards along the Cascadia coast are dominated by a tectonic context on the Pacific rim “ring of fire.” Washington, Oregon, and California...
Food insecurity is a widely researched global public health issue, but students in higher education are frequently omitted from the data and are not widely recognized as a population that faces hunger. This thesis explores the college student population in relation to food insecurity and, in particular, their attempt to...
This study compares remaining dresses that were worn by Mormon
girls, ages one to twelve years, with dresses for girls of the same
age group shown in the leading fashion magazines of the time. The
review of literature indicates that little research has been done
concerning dresses of Mormon girls...
This report frames the debate over studded tires in terms of economic principles of marginal cost pricing and efficient resource allocation. In the absence of a user tax, the pavement damage caused by studded tires results in inefficient pricing because social costs associated with the damage are excluded from the...
Price premiums and discounts are currently paid for various classes of wheat in the US marketplace. These premiums and the known heterogeneity of grain protein across landscapes beg the question of whether grain could be separated on the farm to maximize revenues. Theoretically, the concavity or convexity of a price...
Coral reef ecosystems continue to be significantly altered by disease epizootics, but why some host populations remain resistant while others succumb to outbreaks remains unknown. Research across diverse animal and plant host systems has revealed that disease severity is strongly influenced by host genetics and by environmental influences on both...
Students who engage in undergraduate research benefit from a wide rage of personal and professional gains, including an increased ability to think analytically (Ishiyama, 2002), defining/refining research, and career interests, and enhanced confidence (Ishiyama, 2002). Promoting undergraduate participation in research also benefits faculty members (i.e. by enhancing research productivity; Hall...
This study re-examines how variations in market power
across industries affect the relative number of females and
males hired in a given occupation. The study builds upon
similar work done by Sharon Oster (1975) to examine the female
to male wage differences. Both market power and human capital
factors such...
This dissertation consists of two essays that address code-sharing alliances in the U.S. domestic airline industry.
The first essay examines the economic impact of code-sharing using data from the complementary code-sharing agreement between Southwest and ATA Airlines. This code-share agreement is found to decrease air fares and increase passenger volumes...
The U.S. trucking industry was deregulated with
implementation of the Motor Carrier Act of 1980. After
deregulation, increased concentration was observed in the
general freight segment of the industry. The purpose of
this study was to examine structural differences in general
freight commodity carriers and to help explain the increased...
As metropolitan governments explore density-promoting “smart growth” policies, finer analysis is needed to quantify the impact of such changes on households’ transportation and housing costs. Existing research suggests that households in urban areas face a trade-off between living in areas with higher housing costs and lower transportation costs or the...
The purpose of this study is to measure the costs of
the perceived safety threat from triple trailer operation
in Oregon. This is done using the political referendum
model of a common non-market valuation technique,
contingent valuation. Specifically, the average cost of
allowing triples will be found so that comparison...
This paper involved the estimation of a series of fare
equations in order to ascertain the effects of actual and
potential competition by Southwest on markets for air
travel. The results indicate that pricing strategies differ
depending on Southwest's presence on a route, which is not
consistent with the theory...
The purpose of this study is to identify firm safety practices, safety technologies, and firm characteristics that are related to motor carrier accident rates. The theory of the firm suggests that firms maximize profit by investing in safety practices and safety technologies until marginal cost is equal to the marginal...
In this study, I test for tacit collusion in retail gasoline markets by testing for sticky downward pricing and price leadership. Using an extensive dataset consisting of twenty-five gasoline markets located in the greater Willamette Valley region of Oregon, I find evidence of sticky downward pricing in every market. I...
The overall objective of this research was to analyze the effect
of ownership status on 1) quality of care delivered, 2) the cost of
nursing homes in the United States and 3) wages to Registered Nurses.
The model developed here uses a two stage least squares technique to
correct for...
In recent years there has been concern over the deterioration and lack of adequate
funding for the US road and highway system. The main goals of this study are to
examine how increasing use of general financing methods effects road quality, to
determine if capital outlay and maintenance expenditure impact...
Vehicle miles traveled (VMT) in the U.S. have exhibited an upward trend over time similar to that observed for GDP and personal income. While conventional wisdom suggests that economic growth leads to more driving and thus higher VMT, it is theoretically possible that the causation could also be the other...
:
___________________________________________________________
B. Starr McMullen
ABSTRACT: Vehicle miles traveled (VMT) in the U.S. have exhibited an upward
This study evaluates the distributional impacts of an alternative public roads finance method, a road usage charge (RUC) fee, on lower income households and rural households in Oregon. While previous research has relied on the 2001 and 2009 National Household Travel Survey (NHTS), this research will uses the 2011-2013 Oregon...
This study models the household demand for vehicle miles traveled with a focus on the effects from bicycle ridership and transit ridership. Through the use of data from the Oregon Household Activity Survey collected on behalf of the Oregon Department of Transportation, evidence is found that households participating in bicycle...
This paper investigates the potential welfare gains resulting from variable parking fees in the presence of heterogeneous agents. We begin by defining a modified linear city model with two lots located at separate distances from a central business district, and two types of agents with heterogeneous values of time. Agents...
The global water crisis is defined as one of the major threats facing humankind over the next decade with over 1 in 10 people lacking access to clean drinking water worldwide. An estimated 1.2 million people pasteurize their drinking water by using boiling as an indicator. Pasteurization is the process...
"The boiling and spinning of sugar and the making of candies are classed among the 'frills of cookery'. But though everyone cannot hope to master all the intricacies of this branch of the culinary art, there is no reason why young people should not become, with advantages to themselves, expert...
The purpose of this study was to investigate three research questions: (1) What are the attitudes and beliefs of the pre-service teachers and teacher educators regarding multicultural education, and how do the teacher educators prepare the pre-service teachers to meet the needs of diverse K-12 students in Taiwan? (2) To...
Before discussing the American press of the day,
with its freedom and power, a brief historical review
of the development of journalism in its several functions
seems in place.
1S801 is a transposable element isolated from Pseudomonas syringae pathovar
(pv.) phaseolicola, the causal agent of halo blight of bean. Fragments of the element are
present in multiple copies on an indigenous plasmid, pMMC7105, of strain LR781, and
have been implicated as sites of homologous recombination leading to imprecise
excision...
Child behavior disorders are the second most prevalent form of mental illness affecting children in the United States (Perou et al., 2013), with lifetime prevalence estimated at 10% (Nock, Kazdin, Hiripi & Kessler, 2007). Negative outcomes associated with ODD during childhood and adolescence include conflict in families, poor peer relationships,...
The intent of this report is to provide a brief description of water quality issues in Nicaragua, Uganda and Bangladesh, and the technologies available to address these issues. The water quality parameters considered include: bacterial contamination, heavy metals and arsenic, pesticides and industrious chemicals, turbidity, radiological characteristics, and taste and...
This dissertation explores the physiology and gene expression of the ammonia-oxidizing bacterium Nitrosomonas europaea in surface-associated bacterial communities, or biofilms. Biofilms of N. europaea were cultivated in drip flow reactors for several weeks and gene expression microarrays were used to detect 240 genes differentially expressed between the mature biofilms and...
Calls for reform within engineering education frequently cite the need to better prepare the future workforce for the imminent challenges that they will face. The focus in preparing students for the workforce is often on the educational system and not on understanding the actual workplace. But if we are to...
Changes in the federal farm program, in rainfall pattern and quantity, and
increased incidence of herbicide resistant weeds and diseases have generated
increased interest in spring grains in the Pacific Northwest. However, spring grains
have traditionally been treated as minor crops in this region, thus little research has
been done...
Throughout this chapter I argue that universities in the U.S are not doing their part in creating programs that include people with intellectual disabilities. This chapter aims to uncover why there is such low representation of people with intellectual disabilities attending. higher education in the U.S through exploration of the...
The spatial distribution and abundance patterns of benthic infauna result from interactions with a host of environmental variables including sediment characteristics (percent silt-clay, grain size, total organic carbon), depth, temperature, and dissolved oxygen. This thesis focuses on the association of bivalve assemblages and species with potentially influential environmental variables along...
Riparian communities dominated by members of the
Salicaceae (Salix lasiandra, S. lutea, S. lemmonii,
Populus trichocarpa, P. tremuloides and S. exiqua) were
studied at the Crooked River National Grassland in central
Oregon. The objectives of this study were to examine the
relationships between the Salix and Populus species and
microsite...
The
purpose
of
this
study
was
to
characterize
the
neutral
lipids
of
the
fat
body
of
the
larva
of
the
fleshfly
Sarcophaga
bullata
and
to
examine
the
means
by
which
these
lipids
are
synthesized.
The
weight
of
the
larva,
the
fat
body
as
well
as
its
lipid
content
were
examined...
Landfill leachate is a complex wastewater that contains high levels of ammonium (often over 250 ppm) and trace heavy metals (usually under 0.2 ppm). Microalgae have been shown to inexpensively and effectively treat wastewaters containing high loads of organics and nutrients, as well as adsorb metal ions. This thesis focuses...
Stable oxygen and stable carbon isotopes of foraminifera are widely applied in paleoceanographic reconstructions. Oxygen and carbon isotopes are typically measured using pooled sample analysis (i.e., the combination of several shells) or single-shell analysis (typically restricted to heavier shells that weigh above 10 µg). With pooled sample analysis, where many...
We present a tool that converts any image into a painterly rendered one, or one that looks as though it was hand-painted. To do this, we implemented the Sobel filter to calculate the edge field that is used to create streamlines, which serve as the foundation for brush strokes. We...
Aging is a major risk factor for the deterioration of biochemical pathways that lead to many chronic neurodegenerative disorders (i.e. Parkinson’s and Alzheimer's Disease). Cellular senescence is a hallmark of aging, a condition characterized by stable growth arrest resulting in a cell that no longer divides, but is metabolically active....
Decades of educational research has not reached and benefited most students due to the "implementation gap." The implementation gap is a term used to describe the divide between the number of research-based curricular materials created and the number that are broadly used in classrooms. A common approach to researching this...
Tsunamis have the potential to inflict severe damage and loss of life in coastal communities. Structures known as vertical evacuation buildings provide an alternative evacuation site for communities living in relatively flat, coastal regions with inadequate sources of high ground for evacuation. Design of these structures balances risk and economy,...
The study investigated the effect of family group consultation. Specific
hypotheses to be examined were:
1. Family group consultation is productive in helping individuals move
toward more effective behavior as measured by the increase in
correlation between self sort and the ideal sort at the end of consultation.
2. An...
This investigation was designed to investigate the use of an answer-until-correct procedure on multiple-choice quizzes in an independent study mathematics course. This procedure was compared to the standard multiple-choice procedure with respect to student achievement, student anxiety, and test reliability. Using the answer-until-correct procedure students were made immediately aware of...
Rapid change-of-direction tasks have been associated with non-contact anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries and females are more likely to suffer this injury compared to males. The purpose of this investigation was to evaluate the biomechanical behavior of running and three rapid change-of-direction tasks and determine whether sex differences exist across...
Hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) is a versatile crop with a wide range of pharmaceutical, commercial, and industrial uses. There is a lack of research and published studies on the ideal storage conditions and their effects on seed quality for hemp. Understanding ideal hemp seed storage conditions would reduce unnecessary seed...
In some legislative bodies, the use of terms like climate change and global warming is frequently seen as taboo. In the United States, voters who identify as right-leaning have reported little concern about the environment or climate change. This lack of interest is mirrored by Republican legislators who often publicly...
A study is conducted to provide information useful to the future development of agro-pastoralists
in the Kolda Region through an economic and socio-cultural analysis of the
practice of stabling. Two main issues are addressed: the generation and distribution of
profits and the factors related to adoption of stabling. A partial...
Previous studies have revealed distinctive ecotypic differences between garter snakes living in the meadow and lakeshore environments around Eagle Lake in California. Snakes from these contrasting environments have significantly different growth rates, litter sizes, adult body size, annual survival, and coloration. To try and explain these differences, bird predation was...
The purpose of this investigation was to obtain a broad view of the development
and structure of the program of college education conducted at the Oregon
State Penitentiary (OSP) in Salem, Oregon to arrive at a means to explicate program
effectiveness. This research problem encompassed the compilation and interpretation
of...
It is no doubt that the face of Ernesto "Che" Guevara is recognized
globally as it appears on currency, merchandise, at protest marches, and in art.
However, there is little agreement on what this handsome face represents or what
the Argentine revolutionary fought for. Some view Guevara as a humanitarian...
In this ethnographic study, I examine how women living in downstate Illinois decide to give birth at home. I view decision-making as a process that unfolds throughout pregnancy and continues into the postpartum period, contextualizing "choice" in a region where homebirth is a politically and socially marginalized practice. The methodology...
The Hawai’i County Band is based in Hilo, Hawai’i and was founded in 1883 by brothers Joaquin and Jules Carvalho. After the Kingdom of Hawai’i was overthrown in 1893, the band became known as the Hilo Portuguese Band and after the United States made Hawai’i a territory, the band became...
Rangelands span over 50% of the globe and approximately 70% of the United States. Although livestock production is an important use of rangelands, the benefits of rangelands are highly diverse. Humans find intrinsic value in protecting these unique and variable landscapes for wildlife, vegetation, and recreation enthusiasts. Woodland plant encroachment...
The purpose of this study was to give a fifty-nine year historical overview of the development of the state female juvenile institution, Hillcrest School of Oregon. The material covered in the study included state laws which had direct effect upon the programs at the school; the philosophies and goals of...
We assimilate localized mass anomalies inferred from
GRACE ranging measurements into a hydrodynamic model
to improve tidal solutions around Antarctica for the M2, S2,
and O1 constituents. The variational approach used accounts
for the spatial averaging of tidal elevations implicit in the
mass anomaly parametrization used for the GRACE tidal...
We present a high-resolution Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) mascon solution for Gulf of Alaska (GOA) glaciers and compare this with in situ glaciological, climate and other remote-sensing observations. Our GRACE solution yields a GOA glacier mass balance of -65 ± 11 Gta⁻¹ for the period December 2003 to...
Oregon Department of Transportation (ODOT) Fleet Services manages a fleet that in 2008 included approximately 5,000 pieces of active equipment worth $340–$390 million. Every biennium, a fixed budget is available to replace a certain amount of this equipment. This research evaluated various measures for establishing equipment replacement priorities.
A model...
The gasoline tax, the main source of highway revenue is no longer a viable source of
funding to maintain the existing highways. Many states in the United States are
already using revenues from other sources such as sales tax and income tax to fund
new highways. Oregon along with many...