Documentation of the side effects of pesticides on
arthropod natural enemies has expanded rapidly since the
1950's as part of an increase in non-target side effects
literature. Most reviews have been based on empirical
analysis of selected literature. The SELCTV database was
developed to make a larger information base accessible...
Preventative methods for software reverse engineering have been given greater attention in recent times due to the increase in computational resources and tools available to the public. The inherent security provided by encoding source into machine code (executable form) can no longer be assumed, given the availability of effective automated...
The heritability of resistance to eastern filbert blight, caused by Anisogramma anomala, in European hazelnut (Corylus avellana) was evaluated in the progeny of seven cultivars crossed in 12 combinations. Progeny produced by crossing 'VR6-28' with three susceptible cultivars segregated 1:1 for complete resistance to eastern filbert blight. Histograms of disease...
This laboratory bioassay focused on lethal and sublethal effects of five
insecticides (chlorantraniliprole, cyantraniliprole, spinetoram, novaluron, and lambda-cyhalothrin) and two fungicide treatments (sulfur and a mixture of copper hydroxide and
mancozeb) on the predatory mired bug Deraeocoris brevis (Uhler) (Hemiptera: Miridae) using
second instars and adult males and females. Formulated...
During summer of 1998 and 1999, 34 and 10 vineyard sites, respectively, were sampled to assess spider mite pests and associated biological control by phytoseiid mites. Vineyards studied spanned five major valleys in western Oregon where grape production occurs. Leaf samples were taken from site perimeters and centers. One leaf...
Brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) populations currently exist in less than half of their historic range in the state of New Jersey. The remaining populations are confined to the northwestern part of the state in the Highlands, Appalachian Ridge and Valley, and Piedmont physiographic provinces, with the exception of Mason's Run,...
The diamondback moth (Plutella xylostella L.) is a major
pest of crucifer crops worldwide. It is a particularly
important problem in Southeast Asia where climatic
conditions favor a short generation time and rapid
proliferation. In countries such as Thailand, the
diamondback moth has apparently become resistant to all
classes of...
Eastern filbert blight, caused by Anisogramma anomala (Peck) E. Muller,
is a serious threat to hazelnut (Corylus avellana L.) production. Resistant
cultivars offer the best control. Screening systems were needed to reliably
identify disease, particularly in immune progeny derived from 'Gasaway'. An
indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbant assay (ELISA) was developed using...
Factors influencing pesticide susceptibility and
resistance were studied in Psylla pyricola Foerster, and
its mirid predator, Deraeocoris brevis Knight in the
Rogue River Valley, Oregon. Factors studied were at the
biochemical, life history, and population ecology
levels.
Studies on detoxification enzymes showed that
glutathione S-transferase and cytochrome P-450
monooxygenase activities...
Computer decision aids can help integrate and apply diverse sources of information and expertise to problems of integrated pest management (IPM) in agriculture and forestry. AppleMgr combines a rule-based expert system with databases and spreadsheets in a prototype decision aid intended to be expanded and modified for use by extension...
Proceedings of the 65th Annual Western Orchard Pest and Disease Management Conference, held January 9-11, 1991 at the Imperial Hotel in Portland, Oregon.
An outbreak of western spruce budworm Choristoneura
occidentalis in the Blue Mountains of eastern Oregon in
1983 was treated with helicopter applied carbaryl. Effects
of the spraying on forest ants were determined from pre- and
postspray samples taken from two carbaryl sprayed and
two unsprayed plots. In each 0.75-ha plot,...
Humpback whale populations in Antarctica are recovering after intensecommercial whaling in the 20th century. Along the Western Antarctic Peninsula (WAP)this recovery is occurring in an environment that is experiencing the fastest warming ofany region on the planet. To begin to understand the dynamics of this recovery undersuch dramatic climate change,...
Eastern filbert blight (EFB) is a devastating disease of European hazelnut, Corylus avellana, which causes economic losses in Oregon, where 99% of the U.S. crop is produced. The causal fungus, Anisogramma anomala, is native to eastern North America, where it is found associated with the American hazelnut (C. americana). Although...
The feasibility of managing codling moth, Cydia pomonella (L.), with mixtures
of Bacillus thuringiensis-based microbial and selected chemical insecticides was
studied under laboratory and field conditions. Joint actions (synergism, additivity and
antagonism) of these mixtures were determined for both egg and larval stages. Higher
rates of microbial control agents (MCAs),...
The hundred-year history of the hazelnut industry in the Pacific Northwest is threatened by eastern filbert blight (EFB) caused by the fungus Anisogramma anomala (Peck) E. Müller. Marker-assisted selection (MAS) has been extensively used for ‘Gasaway’ resistance in the hazelnut breeding program at Oregon State University. Concern over breakdown of...
Bumble bees provide vital pollination services in both native and agricultural landscapes. However, in recent years, bumble bee populations have experienced global population declines. The primary causes of these declines have been attributed to the environmental impacts of pathogens, pesticide use and habitat fragmentation. While research has examined the impacts...
Using bulked segregant analysis, five RAPD markers were identified that were
linked in coupling to a gene conferring complete resistance to eastern filbert blight caused
by Anisogramma anomala (Peck) E. Muller in hazelnut (Corylus avellana L.). Two
modified backcross populations were inoculated and scored for resistance to the pathogen
and...
Reversion of resistance to the organotin (OT) acaricide
cyhexatin was documented for the twospotted spider mite,
Tetranychus urticae (Koch), by laboratory isolation of a
field resistant colony. After 22 generations of no
selection the colony reverted back to susceptible.
Studies were conducted in 1985 and 1986 on susceptible
and resistant...
European hazelnut is a significant crop in the Pacific Northwest, and the US ranks
4th internationally for hazelnut production. Production in the Pacific Northwest is
threatened, however, by the disease eastern filbert blight (EFB) caused by the fungus
Anisogramma anomala (Peck) E. Müller. To meet the challenges faced by the...
Viability and dispersal of ascospores of Anisogramma anomala, the cause of eastern filbert blight (EFB) on European hazelnut, from diseased branches pruned from trees were measured. In each of two years, branches bearing stromata of A. anomala were cut in mid-December and compared to branches cut near budbreak in March,...
We identified and evaluated a phytoseiid predator as a biological control agent of multiple spider mites pests that occur in ornamental nurseries. When comparing species, Neoseiulus fallacis (Garman) had a wider prey range than Galendromus occidentalis (Nesbitt), a higher probability of overwintering than Neoseiulus califomicus McGregor and was equally or...
European Hazelnut (Corylus avellana L.) is an important crop in the Pacific Northwest where around 5% of the world's hazelnuts are produced. Hazelnut production in the Pacific Northwest is threatened by eastern filbert blight (EFB) caused by the pyrenomycete Anisogramma anomala. Host resistance is a useful strategy to control disease,...
Proceedings of the 77th Annual Pacific Northwest Insect Management Conference, held January 8-9, 2018 at the Hilton Hotel in Portland, Oregon.
These are research reports only, not management recommendations.
Genetics, gene flow, and distribution of pesticide
resistance traits were examined for organophosphate (OP)
resistance in three beneficial phytoseiid mites. Levels
and genetics of OP resistance in Amblyseius andersoni
were examined first. Laboratory strains from Italy and
Oregon, USA, were compared in susceptibility to
insecticides used in western Oregon fruit...
European hazelnut, Corylus avellana L., is the only economically important nut crop
in the family Betulaceae. One of the threats to the hazelnut industry in the Pacific
Northwest is the fungal disease eastern filbert blight (EFB) caused by the
pyrenomycete Anisogramma anomala. Host genetic resistance to EFB identified in the...
Proceedings of the 64th Annual Western Orchard Pest and Disease Management Conference, held January 10-12, 1991 at the Imperial Hotel in Portland, Oregon.
Potentially relevant literature for the years 1990-1999 was identified by (a) conducting keyword searches of computerized bibliographic databases, especially CAB Abstracts and Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Abstracts, (b) reading through the tables of contents of a few especially relevant journals, (c) searching the internet for pertinent bibliographies, and (d) to...
Published May 2000. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog