Published March 1982. A newer revision exists. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
Published January 1973. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
Published January 1985. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
Reprinted January 1993. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
Published June 1983. Reprinted March 1985. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
Published June 1983. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
So you’d like to plant some trees! As the saying goes, “The best
time to plant a tree was 30 years ago—the next best time is now.” This publication gets you started on the right track and answers some common reforestation questions.
In some forest situations, seedlings readily spring up from seeds produced by nearby trees, reducing (or even eliminating) the need to plant trees. Often, though, conditions aren’t right for this
natural regeneration to happen quickly, or with the desired kinds of trees. Therefore, planting tree seedlings by hand usually is...
Successful reforestation of your harvested timberland is more than just
planting a few trees and hoping they will grow. To ensure success,
you first must answer several key questions:
• What species should I plant?
• What kind of seedlings should I select?
• How can I tell whether their...
Nursery workers, foresters, landowners, and tree
planters often overlook the need for care in handling
seedlings between lifting and planting. Successful reforestation
depends on maintaining the life support systems of the seedling
while it is removed from its
natural environment; all persons handling the seedling
must share responsibility for its...
Voles, or meadow mice as they’re commonly called, can cause significant economic damage to conifer seedlings on reforestation sites and Christmas tree plantations.
Published October 1983. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
Published September 1983. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
Published July 1983. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
Published November 1983. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
Published July 1996. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
Published February 1985. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
Published January 1983. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
Published July 1983. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
Reprinted January 1993. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
Revised January 1983. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
Published July 1983. A more recent revision exists. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
Timber harvesting is a common activity on many small woodland
properties. Whether a harvest is large or small, landowners
must carefully evaluate their overall goals and objectives before
beginning. A well-conducted harvest will help realize those
goals, but a poor job may lead to disappointing results that have to
be...
Using a chain saw safely and effectively promotes efficiency in
clearing brush, cutting firewood, harvesting, and any other woodland
activity requiring the use of a chain saw. However, chain
saws are dangerous! Using them requires a satisfactory level of physical
conditioning and adequate skill in using and maintaining a saw.
Ignoring or delaying necessary maintenance can lead to damage that is more costly to repair than the original road construction. Good maintenance also helps ensure safety and necessary access, and it enhances the efficiency of vehicle and equipment travel over your property.
This publication covers log loading and transportation, including landing organization, road conditions, equipment, and costs. It also treats special concerns for woodland owners.
Ground-based skidding may cause unacceptable damage to woodland soils when owners make no attempt to minimize the area covered with skid trails. As much as 40 percent of the area may be covered with skid trails during a single entry if you do not plan and mark them in advance.
Published July 1987. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
Published November 1983. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
Published October 1983. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
Published April 1984. A newer revision exists. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
Published April 1983. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
Published March 1986. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
Published June 1986. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
Published April 1988. A more recent revision exists. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
Published March 1986. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
Published August 1986. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
Published August 1988. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
Published December 1984. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
Published March 1984. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
Published May 1982. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
Published January 1991. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
Published July 1983. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
Published February 1989. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
Published June 1983. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
Published August 1988. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
Published September 1983. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
Published November 1983. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
Published June 1987. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
Published November 1983. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
Reprinted January 1993. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
Published September 1983. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
Published November 1983. Reprinted April 1990. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
Published November 1983. Reprinted August 1997. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
Published November 1983. Reprinted April 1998. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
Revised August 1988. Reprinted December 1995. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
Published November 1983. Reprinted November 1994. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
Published February 1984. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
Revised February 1989. Reprinted January 1993. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
Published April 1983. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
Revised November 1990. Reprinted March 1998. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
Revised April 1985. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
Published June 1986. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
Revised November 1995. Reprinted April 1996. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
Published May 1989. Reprinted January 1993. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
Published June 1992. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
Published August 1997. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
Tarif access and tree volume tables in this publication are for Douglas-fir, grand fir, ponderosa pine, red alder, western hemlock, and western redcedar. Tarif numbers range from 15 to 60, allowing you to estimate virtually any tree volume for the listed species, based on diameter at breast height (DBH) and...
A timber sale is the culmination of many years
of forest management. For many woodland
owners, it is the most significant opportunity
for return on their forestry investments. It also
may be a significant departure from their normal
sphere of operations. Owners may be accustomed
to planting, managing weeds, thinning...
Oregon’s woodland owners face several types of taxes: local
property taxes, state severance and harvest taxes on timber, state
and federal taxes on income from forest operations, and possibly
federal estate taxes on the woodland portion of the owner’s estate.
This publication highlights key aspects of federal income tax laws...
This publication focuses on even aged, fully stocked, Douglas-fir
stands. Because of fire history and past harvesting patterns, such stands
dominate west of the Cascades throughout much of Oregon, Washington,
and northern California. Stand volumes and dollar values will be
different for other species.
Three principal types of abiotic injury affect forests and woodlands in
Oregon: injury related to weather, to soil, and to human activity.
Abiotic injuries, also called abiotic diseases, can be found wherever
forests exist. They are, for the most part, initiated by nonliving factors in the environment, such as temperature...
This publication discusses the environmental requirements of needle diseases, their potential impact on tree vigor, when disease levels signal a problem, and what you can do to minimize damage.
Tree wounding can lead to decay in roots, stems, and branches of
trees. Wood decay is caused by various species of fungi that enter
trees through wounds or small branches.
The purpose of this publication is to introduce you to the world of forest
protection by: (1) providing you with broad definitions of the five
principal groups of destructive agents; and (2) presenting some information on the impacts of these groups on the forests of Oregon.
Pocket gophers girdle (remove bark from) the bases of conifer seedlings and saplings, causing significant economic losses.
This publication will help you design a program to reduce or eliminate
gopher damage to seedlings and saplings in your forest plantation or
Christmas tree farm.
Without a properly written contract, small woodland owners and Christmas tree growers may find themselves in situations resulting in costly and time-consuming attempts at personal negotiations and the possibility of court battles. They might have avoided these complications if theyʼd known more about basic contract law before they became bound...
The procedures outlined in this publication show you how to estimate standing volume and annual growth of timber stands—areas that are uniform in age, stand characteristics, and species. Estimates of volume and growth are helpful in planning when to harvest or how much to remove in a thinning operation. These...
Oregon has several forest tax and assessment programs. All forestland
owners pay an annual property tax. Some owners may owe a severance
tax on cut timber, depending on how their forestland is classified for tax purposes. All harvesters of Oregon timber pay a Forest
Products Harvest Tax (FPHT) on harvested...
Wildlife is an integral part of woodlands. Where there are forests,
meadows, and streams, there is wildlife. Wildlife means many
things to people, but for purposes of our discussion we’ll divide
it into three basic categories. The most common category is game—birds
and mammals that one hunts for recreation, fur,...
This publication demonstrates one way of organizing and preparing a forest management plan for your property.
By no means should you consider this the best or only way for you to plan; conditions vary—and so should your approach to planning.
Woodland owners routinely want to measure property acreage,
boundaries, ground slope, various characteristics of standing
timber, and individual log volumes. Different tools are
required for each of these tasks.
Management planning—the words conjure up visions of gray suits,
corporate boardrooms, and Ivy League business schools. Planning
for the woodland owner need not be so intimidating. A plan,
simply put, is a guide that tells what you have, what you want to do, and how to do it.
Thinning is removing selected trees from a stand to allow others to
continue growing. Ordinarily, a woodland manager uses a thinning
system that encourages the remaining trees to grow in a manner
consistent with the manager’s objectives for those trees.
Published March 1989. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
Root disease fungi attack and destroy the tree’s root system, resulting in growth loss, decay, death, or wind throw of infected trees. Trees with root disease also are more susceptible to pests, especially bark beetles. On the other hand, root diseases are a component of the forest ecosystem and play...
Western hemlock forests in the coastal areas of Oregon are some of the most productive and diverse forests in the world. This rich diversity represents both a challenge and an opportunity for woodland owners interested in managing western hemlock on their property.
Many landowners have hardwood trees that appear to be of marketable size. Some of these landowners may want to replace the hardwoods with conifers immediately.
Fuelwood harvesting can not only yield an income but also improve the quality of your woodlot at the same time. It can pay for the cost of removing undesirable trees.
If you’re an Oregon woodland owner planning logging, road building, chemical spraying, or other forest operations, the Oregon Forest Practice Rules probably will apply.
It doesn’t come easy! Does any of your woodland
property look like the alder stand at the left? If your goal
is to convert this kind of ground to a productive conifer
forest, you should know it can be a challenging task.
You’ll have to do something with all that...
Precommercial thinning (PCT) is an important
timber management practice in the Pacific Northwest.
You should consider it as soon as a young
stand has been established.
More so than for conifers, the time you spend managing hardwoods will be returned to you in increased wood production, increased quality (and so value), and shorter rotations.