To test the effects of kiln-drying on strength properties of Douglas fir and western hemlock, temperatures to 230 F, conditions for equilibrium moisture contents of 6 percent and 12 percent, and prolonged heating were investigated.
Prolonged heating and choice of conditions for 6 percent or 12 percent equilibrium moisture content...
This history concerns the scientific contributions of Charles
Babbage (1791-1871) to mathematics, to the invention of calculating
machines, and machine tools, to the development of scientific ideas
through a wide variety of scientific investigations and his involvement
in several different scientific reforms. Babbage considered himself
a philosopher in the broadest...
Checking was influenced b drying conditions. This influence was greatest before average moisture content reached 20 per cent, but tension in surface layers caused checking even below this point.
Neither high initial dry-bulb temperature nor initial conditions of high equilibrium moisture content were conducive to checking.
High temperature and high...
Forced-air drying of lumber is economically feasible as an aid to sawmills without dry kilns. Reduced cost of shipping more than offsets cost of drying with forced circulation of air. Investment in equipment is small.
In the Willamette Valley, forced-air drying probably can be accomplished successfully throughout the year. High...
Recently, an interest in supplementation of vitamin D to improve aspects of health, especially in human fertility, has emerged. However, supplementation of Vitamin D above the minimum required levels to prevent deficiency has yet to be explored in cattle despite evidence for vitamin D receptors in reproductive tissues. The objective...
The increasing volume of young-growth Douglas-fir timber cut in the Pacific Northwest emphasizes the need for more knowledge on the characteristics of lumber sawed from these trees.
The study described here was initiated to learn the extent arid causes of degrade resulting from kiln-drying young-growth Douglas-fir dimension lumber. At the...
Moisture content and shrinkage were determined on specimens equilibrated at two conditions for equilibrium moisture content (EMC) at room temperature after the specimens had been dried under a variety of constant temperatures with constant EMC's. Moisture content at room temperature equilibrium was less for specimens dried at high temperature than...
Four charges of S-inch paper roll plugs of Oregon maple were kiln-dried at various temperatures and humidities. The charge with the most desirable combination of short drying time and low degrade was dried to 12 per cent moisture content in lit hours, using a dry-bulb temperature of 160 degrees F...
The Oregon Forest Products Laboratory was asked in July 1953 by the Oregon Alder and Maple Company, Willamina, to work on the problem of dark stain which developed at sticker crossings in air-drying red alder (Alnus rubra, Bong.) during the summer months.
Previous experience at the Oregon Alder and Maple...
Human cathelicidin antimicrobial peptide (CAMP/LL-37) is a cationic antimicrobial peptide that is widely expressed by myeloid and epithelial cells at the human-environment interface. It possesses broad spectrum antimicrobial capacity against bacteria, fungi and viruses. In addition to its direct antimicrobial activity, CAMP/LL-37 also attracts and recruits monocytes, neutrophils and other...
A herd of California bighorn sheep (Ovis canadensis californiana),
re-introduced to the area of Hell Creek on the Sheldon National
Wildlife Refuge in northwestern Nevada, was studied from 15 June 1978
to 20 August 1980.
Major vegetation and physiographic types were delineated and
described. Habitat preferences were determined from field...
Thirty preschoolers were tested for language skills using
the Preschool Language Scale (PLS), Peabody Picture Vocabulary
Test-Revised (PPVT-R) Form L, and Sequenced Inventory of Communication
Development (SICD). Each child's age scores on one test
were compared to his/her scores on the other two tests. As a
group, the children achieved...
The Problem
The general purpose of this study was to determine the
completeness and adequacy of student personnel services in
Negro colleges of the South Atlantic States. Specifically,
the problem was (1) to identify and analyze the nature of
student personnel practices in Negro colleges of the South
Atlantic States;...
In an attempt to improve the mid-season forecast of filbert
production, objective measure techniques were started in 1955 on an
experimental basis. In the following years an adjusted ratio estimate
was used to forecast the filbert production. The purpose of this
study was to review the different assumptions and consider...
In recent decades, the occurrence of large, high severity wildfires has increased substantially in many parts of the world, including the western United States. These fires have the potential to impact water quality, aquatic ecosystems, and downstream communities for many decades. As such, it is increasingly important to understand the...
The distribution of surface sediments on the northern Oregon
continental shell is characterized by a nearshore sandy facies and an
outer shelf muddy facies, separated by a mid-shelf zone of mixed
sand and mud. Currents which have been measured at 130 centimeters
above the bottom indicate that the distribution of...
Landslide processes occurring on a hillslope in McDonald-Dunn
Forest on the eastern slope of the Oregon Coastal Range are
described in terms of type, magnitude. minimum age and site
characteristics. Debris flows and debris avalanches are the
dominant types of slope movement occurring in the study area.
Landslide events classified...
The study was conducted over approximately 191,000 acres in central Klamath County, Oregon. The research had three objectives: first, to describe and classify the seral and near-climax vegetation by using polyclimax principles; secondly, to determine the southern extension of five plant associations and one plant associes as previously described by...
A herd of re-introduced California bighorn sheep (Ovis canadensis
californiana) was studied from 15 June 1976 to 31 August 1977.
Thirteen major and seven minor habitats were delineated and described.
Habitat use by bighorns was observed throughout the study and
a habitat preference value (H.P.V.) was calculated based on use...
As the management of range lands is intensified or as improvement
activity is increased, a critical need is seen to refine the
understanding of the ecology of these lands. If soil surveys on range
lands are to be meaningful and useful, the relationship between the
fundamental ecological units and the...
A study was initiated in 1961 to characterize seral plant
communities in a part of the Cedar Creek drainage in the Tillamook
Burn. Stratification of vegetation into ecological units was a necessary
first step in conifer-animal damage studies supported by the
Oregon State Game Commission.
Reconnaissance information was recorded in...
Dedicated to recording, portraying, and indicting
the social inequities that he witnessed in nineteenth
century Victorian England, one of Charles Dickens' many
concerns was the roles assigned to women both in the
public and private spheres.
The purpose of this thesis is to examine the
narratives of Amy Dorrit and...
Forest associations, secondary succession, and relationships
of plant communities to Roosevelt elk were investigated. Stratification
of vegetation into ecological units and an understanding of secondary
succession by habitat-type were a necessary first step in investigations
into browsing of conifers by elk. The study was jointly conducted
by the Oregon State...
A study has been made of the vertical distributions and
migrations of a large number of zooplankton species at Weather
Station "P" in the Subarctic Pacific. Simultaneously towed horizontal
opening-closing nets were used for the study. The distributions
and migrations of 104 taxa have been subjectively grouped
into seven basic...
The Washington State Department of Natural Resources' Comprehensive Tree-Volume Tarif Tables are a set of preconstructed local volume tables. This can increase "on plot" efficiency since only diameters are necessary to obtain volumes after the proper table for the given diameter/height relationship is accessed. The tables are accessed and indexed...
Monthly samples of nutrients, phytoplankton and zooplankton
were taken in the Columbia River estuary over a period of 16 months
in order to determine distribution with season and salinity, and interrelationships
between plankton and nutrients.
Nitrate and phosphate levels in the river water entering the
estuary are high in the...
Three isolates of Escherichia coli were labeled by their resistance
to sodium azide and, separately, to novobiocin, nalidix acid, and tetracycline.
The strains exhibited a high degree of persistence in the soil
environment and were recoverable on strain specific media at levels
within the 95% confidence interval of the numbers...
Microbial populations associated with the major substrates of the
canopy of a 70 m old-growth Douglas fir were studied to determine
potential activities. Seasonal samples from bark, foliage, epiphytic
moss, lichens, and litter accumulations were collected to i) obtain
population data, ii) to isolate the major groups of microorganisms
present,...
Radioactive chromium-51, a waste byproduct from operation
of nuclear reactors at Hanford, Washington, has been followed down
the Columbia River and into the Pacific Ocean. Chemical factors
influencing the partitioning of ⁵¹Cr between solution and sediment
have been considered.
Chromium-5l, in a hexavalent oxyanion when introduced into the
Columbia River,...
Physical, chemical and bacterial water quality parameters of
the upper Wallowa River were sampled periodically between July 2,
1978 and June 9, 1979 at nine stream and lake sampling sites. Water
upstream from Wallowa Lake was typified by low nutrient concentrations
( generally below detectable limits except for nitrates), low....
In the context of forest products, a cutting order is a list of dimension parts along with demanded quantities. The cutting-order problem is to minimize the total cost of filling the cutting order from a given lumber grade (or grades). Lumber of a given grade is supplied to the production...
Nineteenth-century England witnessed burgeoning urban growth and the resultant struggle of the poor to find adequate shelter. Against this backdrop, Charles Dickens was a fierce advocate for the rights of the street people of London to have sanitary and adequate housing, earning him the title of radical. By combining sentimentality...
A log breakdown model, SAW3D, was developed to
optimize lumber recovery from logs of any shape in 3-
dimensional space. The program uses a polygonal cross
section representation of logs; three nested dynamic
programming (DP) algorithms to optimize log breakdown,
flitch and cant edging, and trimming operations; and a
simple...
Between 1970 and 1974, data were collected on the distribution and biology of the spotted owl (Strix occidentalis) in Oregon. One-hundred and sixteen pairs and seven single birds were located. Spotted owls occurred throughout the mountains of western Oregon and on the east slope of the Cascade Range at least...