Long-term (>years) bathymetric data sets collected in six multiple near-shore sandbar systems were analyzed with complex empirical orthogonal function analysis to quantify intersite differences and similarities in cyclic offshore progressive bar behavior. The observations came from a 37-year annually sampled data set of four regions along the Dutch coast (spanning...
To predict future coastal hazards, it is important to quantify any links between climate drivers and spatial patterns of coastal change. However, most studies of future coastal vulnerability do not account for the dynamic components of coastal water levels during storms, notably wave-driven processes, storm surges and seasonal water level...
Coastal communities throughout the US West Coast and elsewhere are facing the daunting task of preparing for climate change impacts, particularly the hazards from increased flooding and erosion. With sea-level rise, changing storminess patterns, and possible changes to the frequency and severity of major El Niño events, communities are already...
Transition metal oxides are an important class of materials for the wide variety optical, electrical, dielectric, magnetic, and thermal properties observed. Their unique structure-property relationships allow for property tuning and often provide insight into the fundamentals of chemistry. The work in this thesis was focused on the design, synthesis and...
We examine the interactions and feedbacks between bathymetry, waves, currents, and
sediment transport. The first two pro jects focus on the use of remote sensing techniques
to expand our knowledge of the nearshore. Due to the plethora of snap-shot data that is
available from satellites and their distribution via Google...
Cytochrome P450 1B1 (Cyp1B1) is a xenobiotic metabolizing enzyme, responsible for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) oxidative metabolism. CYP1B1 metabolically activates several species of environmentally relevant procarcinogenic PAHs to reactive carcinogens. PAHs are aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) agonists, leading to CYP1B1 upregulation. Though CYP1B1 is highly conserved across species, wild type...
Cytokinesis separates replicated chromosomes and cytoplasm into two
daughter cells. In animal cells, this is achieved by the formation of a cleavage
furrow that bisects the mitotic (or meiotic) spindle. It is known that the mitotic
apparatus defines the cell cleavage plane. However, it is not clear how the mitotic...
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; Matuliene and
Kuriyama, 2002). Yet, whether these interactions are essential in furrow
positioning are
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are present in the environment as complex mixtures with components that have diverse carcinogenic potencies and mostly unknown interactive effects. Non-additive PAH interactions have been observed in regulation of cytochrome P450 (CYP) gene expression in the CYP1 family. To better understand and predict biological effects of...
I was honored to be the keynote speaker at the 30th Annual Society of Toxicologic Pathology Symposium “Toxicologic Pathology and the Immune System.” I had the opportunity to reminisce about events in the 1970s that set the stage for the birth and subsequent growth of the field of immunotoxicology and...
Understanding sandbar dynamics and variability is integral to developing a predictive
capacity for nearshore flows, sediment transport, morphological change, and
ultimately for determining coastline exposure to damaging storm waves. Along the
high-energy U.S. Pacific Northwest (PNW) coast, sandbars typically dominate the
bathymetry of the active zone. Here we report on...
Understanding sandbar dynamics and variability is integral to developing a predictive capacity for nearshore flows, sediment transport, morphological change, and ultimately for determining coastline exposure to damaging storm waves. Here we report on a nearshore bathymetric data set from the U.S. Pacific Northwest (PNW) that stretches from Point Grenville, Washington...
Production of the host selective toxin victorin is causal to pathogenesis of Cochliobolus victoriae on oats. The dominant Vb gene confers oat sensitivity to victorin, and is genetically inseparable from Pc2, which confers resistance to Puccinia coronata f. sp. avena. Victorin induces apoptotic-like cell death, and cell death is a...
Previous reports indicate the presence of multiple CYP1A sequences in rainbow
trout, but their functional differences are unknown. This report describes the cloning and partial characterization of four trout CYP1A cDNAs, which are given the tentative
designations CYP1A1v2, v3, v4, and v5. Comparison among these four and three
previously reported...
A nonlinear model is developed to study the time‐dependent relationship between the alongshore variability of a sandbar, a(t), and alongshore‐averaged sandbar position, xc(t). Sediment transport equations are derived from energetics‐based formulations. A link between this continuous physical representation and a parametric form describing the migration of sandbars of constant shape...
Preliminary toxicity studies of BCNU in rats revealed that significant
prolongations of pentobarbital hypnosis were associated with
all doses employed. Investigations were undertaken to determine the
underlying mechanism responsible for this observed effect. Studies
on the in vitro metabolism of pentobarbital by hepatic microsomes
of BCNU-treated animals demonstrated that significant...
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are among the most widely known and studied environmental contaminants, originating from a range of natural and anthropogenic sources. PAHs are known to occur in the environment as complex mixtures, containing both unsubstituted PAHs, as well as a range of PAH derivatives. Among the less-studied of...
Coastal environments are characterized by complex feedbacks between flow, sediment transport, and morphology, often resulting in the formation of nearshore sandbars. In many locations, such as Hasaki (Japan), the Netherlands, and the Columbia River Littoral Cell (CRLC, USA), these sandbars exhibit a net offshore migration (NOM) cycle whereby these features...
Sandbars are ubiquitous, yet not well understood
beach features that change their position and shape in
response to changing wave conditions. We propose and test
a simple empirical model consisting of two coupled linear
differential equations that represents bar dynamics in terms
of wave forcing and two other state variables:...
The Aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) is a ligand-activated transcription factor and member of the basic helix-loop-helix Per/ARNT/Sim (bHLH/PAS) family of chemosensors and developmental regulators. As a member of the PAS domain family of transcription factors responsive to exogenous signals, the AhR exerts influence on many processes relating to cellular fate....
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are a re-emerging class of environmental pollutants. The persistent nature of these highly toxic compounds along with their ubiquity in the environment creates an unavoidable route of exposure. The developing fetus and neonate are a particularly susceptible population due to their incomplete complement of xenobiotic metabolizing...
Dibenzo[def,p]chrysene (DBC) is a transplacental carcinogen in mice (15 mg/kg; gestation day (GD) 17). To mimic residual exposure throughout pregnancy, dams received 4 smaller doses of DBC (3.75 mg/kg) on GD 5, 9, 13 and 17. This regimen alleviated the previously established carcinogenic responses in the thymus, lung, and liver....
In 2004 the National Toxicology Program published an article describing their intent to pursue toxicology testing and risk assessment practices solely reliant on high throughput in vitro datasets and in silico modeling for dose-response assessments. Support and contributions form regulatory agencies and a significant portion of the life sciences community...
The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) has recently been described as a novel therapeutic target, given the potent suppression of multiple immune-mediated diseases following activation by the prototypic ligand, 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD). In the parent-into-F1 graft-versus-host (GVH) model, suppression of the cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response is associated with the presence of CD25⁺CTLA-4⁺IL-10⁺Foxp3[superscript...
Neuromuscular physiology has been extensively investigated
in several groups of vertebrates excluding fish. To
understand the nature of neuromuscular transmission in this
group, the response of the pectoral fin abductor muscle of
black bass (Micropterus salmoides) to nerve stimulation
under the influence of an anticho1inesterase agent was
studied. Diisopropylfluorophosphate (DFP),...
This thesis consists of two papers in manuscript format. The first paper presents optical measurements of tsunami inundation through an urban waterfront in a laboratory wave basin. The physical model was constructed at 1:50 scale and was an idealization of the town of Seaside, Oregon. The paper presents an analysis...
The effects of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) exposure on hepatic
pyruvate carboxylase (PC) gene expression were investigated in C57BL/6J Ah[superscipt b/b male
mice. A dose-dependent reduction of PC levels and activity occurred in animals given a
single intraperitoneal dose of TCDD in a corn oil carrier. The dose ranged from 1 to...
A sucrose density-gradient ultracentrifugation technique for
obtaining microsomes has been developed. This technique has
advantages over the classic differential centrifugation technique, in
that it is faster, is better suited to work with small quantities of
tissue, and offers the opportunity to work with a defined microsomal
sub-cellular fraction, rather than...
Accurate chromosome segregation and cell cleavage are critical to maintaining genomic integrity. Both events involve the spindle apparatus, but the exact mechanics is as puzzling as the contradicting models proposed in the last two centuries. In this dissertation, current prevailing models of chromosome segregation and cell cleavage are tested using...
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spindle microtubules
(Sellitto and Kuriyama, 1988). Later, a number of matrix proteins have been
Identification of new molecular targets for the treatment of breast cancer is an important clinical goal, especially for triple-negative breast cancer, which is refractory to existing targeted treatments. The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) is a ligand-activated transcription factor known primarily as the mediator of dioxin toxicity. However, the AhR can...
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, Yamamoto M, Fujii-KuriyamaY et al.
A constitutively active arylhydrocarbon receptor induces growth
The mechanism(s) involved with intrauterine migration of the porcine embryo was investigated. Twenty-four gilts on Days 6, 9 and 12 of gestation (Day 0 = 1st day of estrus) were utilized to examine the relationship between myometrial activity and intrauterine migration. On Day 2, embryos were flushed from one oviduct...
Genetic and environmental factors influence individual cancer risk. Mutations in DNA mismatch repair (MMR) genes increase colon cancer risk. Exposure to carcinogens, including the ubiquitous polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), also is associated with increased cancer risk. To understand the combined effects of both environmental exposures and genetic risk, we investigated...
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software is
used to plot the number of cells (y-axis) against the intensity of PI fluorescence (x-axis
A large number of river otter (Lontra canadensis) males were collected
from areas of high and low contaminant concentrations throughout western
Oregon and Washington during the fall and winter of 1994-99. Few significant
non-reproductive organ morphometric differences were found in the large series
of male otters collected, except for adrenal...
A large number of river otter (Lontra canadensis) males were collected
from areas of high and low contaminant concentrations throughout western
Oregon and Washington during the fall and winter of 1994-99. Few significant
non-reproductive organ morphometric differences were found in the large series
of male otters collected, except for adrenal...
Reproductive and endocrine disruption is commonly reported in aquatic species exposed to complex contaminant mixtures. We previously reported that Atlantic killifish (Fundulus heteroclitus) from the chronically contaminated Newark Bay, NJ, exhibit multiple endocrine disrupting effects, including inhibition of vitellogenesis (yolk protein synthesis) in females and false negative vitellogenin biomarker responses...
The temporal and spatial variability of crescentic sandbars is analyzed with hourly
long-term (months) video observations collected at four barred sites and are qualitatively
compared to the temporal and spatial variability predicted by hypotheses underpinning
existing approaches and models for crescentic bar formation (edge-wave template model,
linear stability analysis, and...
2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) and related compounds are well-recognized for their immunosuppressive activity, which is mediated through an intracellular receptor and transcription factor, aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR). Laboratory animals exposed to TCDD are less resistant to infection and have severely impaired humoral and cell-mediated immune responses. This dissertation addressed the hypothesis that...
Lymphomas and leukemias are the most common cancer in children and young adults and in utero exposure to carcinogens may contribute to the etiology of these cancers. A polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH), dibenzo[a,l]pyrene (DBP), was administered to pregnant mice (15 mg/Kg b.w., gavage) on gestation day 17. Significant mortalities in...
Over the last decade the world has seen three major tsunamis strike the coasts of
Indonesia, Samoa, and Chile. These tsunamis have caused significant losses of life and
property on the coastal cities of these and nearby countries. The NEES (Network for
Earthquake Engineering Simulation) Housesmash project was created to...
Coastal flooding and erosion are major concerns for low lying coastal communities -- particularly in light of accelerated sea level rise and climate change. To improve quantitative understanding of the physical drivers of both flooding and coastal landscape change, this dissertation explores coastal morphodynamics bridging the land-sea interface on modally...
A three-part algorithm is described and tested to provide robust bathymetry maps based solely on long time series observations of surface wave motions. The first phase consists of frequency-dependent characterization of the wave field in which dominant frequencies are estimated by Fourier transform while corresponding wave numbers are derived from...
In this dissertation the interactions between hydrodynamics, sediment suspension and transport, and morphological evolution in the surf zone was investigated with a large-scale laboratory experiment data, CROss-Shore Sediment Transport Experiment (CROSSTEX). The data set included comprehensive measurements of water surface elevation, fluid velocity, sediment concentration, and morphology for irregular waves...
BACKGROUND: Targeted capture of genomic regions reduces sequencing cost while generating higher coverage by
allowing biomedical researchers to focus on specific loci of interest, such as exons. Targeted capture also has the
potential to facilitate the generation of genomic data from DNA collected via saliva or buccal cells. DNA samples...
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plots illustrates the relative abundance (y-axis) of the most abundant oral microbiota at
the A) genus