Chum salmon from different stocks were bred together in two experiments. Three stocks contributed gametes to one experiment, two stocks to another. Sibling groups of eggs, alevins, and fry were maintained in a common environment. Variability of development rates, rearing performance, susceptibility to disease, and behavioral traits was partitioned into...
Two replications of a half dial lei cross experiment were performed among four inbred lines of mosquitofish, Gambusia affinis.
These inbred lines originated from three random-bred stocks: OR,
TX and CD. The experiment was conducted as a completely randomized
design. Experimental material consisted of parental lines and F₁ populations maintained...
This investigation explored the use of microcosms as a tool for
studying the dynamics of tropical aquaculture ponds. The potential use
of rabbit excreta as a pond fertilizer in integrated farming systems was
also investigated.
Twelve insulated fiber glass tanks were utilized as microcosms to
simulate earthen ponds. Seven hand-sexed...
The genotype frequencies of one-year-old oyster spat
(Crassostrea gigas) from parents of known genotype, are compared
to the frequencies expected with Mendelian inheritance. The genotypes
are characterized at three enzyme loci, Aspartate amino-transferase
(AAT), Phosphohexose isomerase (PHI) and Leucine
aminopeptidase (LAP), and a general protein locus. In this study
expression...
Soil, water, and climatic classification systems are reviewed as
background for the construction of a classification system for earthen
aquaculture ponds. The physical and chemical properties of important
soil types are also reviewed because of the critical role that the
soil plays in earthen pond systems. A pond classification system...
The total amount of nitrogen and phosphorus in animal manures, and the proportion of this amount that becomes available as dissolved inorganic nitrogen and phosphorus within a month after manures are added to water were examined in the context of fertilization guidelines for pond aquaculture. A literature study was conducted...
The hypotheses to be tested in this investigation are: 1) there is a threshold level of liver lipid and glycogen content above which the health condition of hatchery-reared fish is impaired, 2) fatty and high glycogen livers impair liver function and structure, and 3) fatty and high glycogen livers increase...
Decision support systems (DSS) have been used to a very limited extent in pond aquaculture. This study documents the development of a DSS (POND) which allows representation of an entire pond aquaculture facility, and provides analysis capabilities in the form of simulation models and an economics package. Simulation tools in...
Within the tested range of 1000 - 7000 eyed eggs/ft² gravel substrate (1.08 - 7.53 eggs/cm²), the optimum stocking density for chum salmon (Oncorhynchus keta) eggs in shallow matrix substrate incubators occurred at 3000 - 4000 eggs/ft². Premature fry, which predominated early emergence, showed greater variability in lipid content than...
Methods to improve the efficacy of swine barley rations were
evaluated. A literature review pertaining to the subject, three feeding
trials involving 104 swine, and a laboratory investigation were
used in the study.
The effects of pelleting with a new modified pellet die that
produces a dense pellet; supplementation with...
A series of four animal experiments utilizing 129 pigs
and associated laboratory studies was conducted to study the causes
of the lowered performance on high barley rations fed to swine. Previous
work at this Station has shown barley to have a value of 80-85
percent of corn for swine, and...
The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of inorganic
and organic components of molasses on the laxative problem
encountered when molasses makes up a large portion of livestock
rations. In a series of four trials 280 male Long Evans rats weighing
approximately 50 grams each were placed...
Chemical and biological evaluations were conducted to provide
chemical composition and digestibility information, in addition to
yield data, for silage corn varieties produced on poorly drained
Dayton soil series. Each variety was subjected to a Kjeldahl nitrogen,
acid detergent fiber, acid detergent lignin, cell wall, and
residual ash test. Subsequently...
A series of four trials were conducted to determine the influence
of selenium supplementation of a selenium- and vitamin E-deficient
basal diet on the absorption, excretion, tissue distribution
and placental transfer of a single dose of tritium-labeled α-tocopherol
in the rat.
In the first trial, the effect of supplementation of...
The production level of dairy cows fed corn cannery waste
silage was investigated during a 305 day lactation study. Eighteen
Holstein cows were paired according to their probable producing
ability and field corn silage was fed to the control pairmates, Forage
analyses (DM, CP, CF, and nitrates) were determined on...
The object of this study was to analyze the application of linear
programming techniques to ration formulation for feedlot lambs and
steers.
Three rations for feeder lambs were designed to study the application of linear programming techniques under varying ration constraints.
Rations studied were as follows:
iso-caloric rations with
three...
To reduce the loss of feeding calves during the nursing period
and to conserve milk for human consumption research has been conducted
to develop milk replacer formulas which result in calf performance
comparable to that of milk. In the first section of this investigation
different aspects of utilization of fats,...
Two experiments were conducted to evaluate supplementation methods and availability of selenium from environmental waste materials to grazing livestock as a potential means of waste recycling. One involved incorporation of wastes into salt for freechoice supplementation to the animals themselves, the second involved fertilizer amendments with wastes to grow Orchardgrass...
Tunisia, like many other countries in the world, suffers
from a shortage of feedstuffs and an overall nutrition problem
is facing the livestock industry. Large quantities of feeds
are imported to meet the animals' needs in energy and protein.
At the same time, considerable quantities of crop residues and
agro-industrial...
Three experimental grazing trials were conducted to
explore the hypothesis that in the Klamath Basin, a higher
level of selenium supplementation is necessary than those
proven adequate elsewhere. Two forage species were
investigated: Festuca arundinaeca and Agropyron repens, in
0.61 hectare plots, both grown in a selenium deficient soil
area....
Metabolic and performance parameters of beef calves were
compared between Se supplemented (Se) and control (C) dam
treatment groups from known Se deficient cattle. Four
trials were conducted at three locations involving 50,
36, 25 and 39 experimental dam/calf pairs. Se
supplementation was either two 30 gram oral boluses (90%...
Plankton samples for this present study were collected from an
area off the southern Oregon coast, extending westward to about 83
kilometers offshore. Over this sampling area, 41 species of adult
copepods were identified, including representatives of 26 genera and
17 families. The total abundance averaged 550/m³.
Population densities of...
Allocentrotus fragilis (Jackson) was obtained from six stations
at depths of 100 to 1260 m on the continental shelf and upper slope off
Newport, Oregon.
Ages and growth rates of A. fragilis were determined by two
methods: 1) A procedure was developed to make growth zones of the
skeletal test...
This study of the immediate, localized effects of a small dredging
operation on the benthic invertebrate community in the shipping
channel of Coos Bay, Oregon, was designed: 1) to measure the extent
of the physical removal of benthic macro- and meiofauna by hopper
dredging; 2) to record the subsequent benthic...
Diadora aspera is an intertidal keyhole limpet found in the mid-tidal zone. Its activity pattern was estimated under laboratory conditions using time-lapse-photography and manometric determinations of oxygen consumption. Statistical and computer analyses of the photographic data suggest the presence of both a 24 hour and a 12-13 hour rhythm in...
The life cycle of Callianassa californiensis Dana, 1854, was
studied in the tidal estuary, Yaquina Bay, Oregon. At this latitude
it is largely restricted to intertidal sandy mudflats under predominately
marine influence. Salinity and temperature appear to determine
its distribution to a greater extent than does sediment type.
Vertical movement...
The present work is an attempt to correlate information collected in the northern part of Chile with the anchoveta distribution and its fluctuation. This information was collected over a three year period (November 1967 to November 1970) by the Instituto de Fomento Pesquero, Chile (IFOP). The first and second part...
A mooring system was designed and constructed to make possible
the installation and the recovery of racks of sample panels for
a study of deep-ocean wood-boring molluscs. Racks containing
pine, fir, oak, and cedar boards were exposed to borer attack at
six stations with depths of 50, 100, 150, 200,...
The ability of Cumella vulgaris to avoid burial under different
rates of sedimentation and to recover from burial once buried was
studied. Sedimentation rates higher than 0. 25 cm/mm are
necessary to bury 50% of C. vulgaris with the deposition of 4 cm of
sediment.
Cumella vulgaris can swim several...
The purpose of this study was to measure plasma B-6 vitamers, and other factors which may affect the plasma concentrations of these vitamers under extreme physical conditions. Blood samples were drawn from 8 men and 3 women (43.7 ± 8.6 years) 30 minutes prior to the start of a 50-km...
The controversial condition of carbohydrate craving is believed by some
researchers to be a defect in the regulation of food intake by an individual.
This defect is believed to be responsible for the inability of some persons to
control their food intake and therefore their weight. Research was conducted
to...