Riparian areas in the arid western United States are critical ecosystems that have been severely degraded by a variety of land and water uses over the last 100 years. In this study, the composition and structure of floodplain vegetation along the Lower Owens River in eastern California was quantitatively described...
The optical characterization of transparent conductive thin films is demonstrated. The basics of transparency and conductivity, as they relate to transparent conductor research, are explained. A functional model of the reflectance and transmittance of a sample film, including interference fringes, is derived from the Fresnel electric field amplitude coefficients. The...
Oxidative damage is a common and early feature of Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and other neurodegenerative disorders. Dr. Mark Smith and his colleagues have built the case for oxidative stress being a primary progenitor rather than a secondary end-stage epiphenomenon of neurodegeneration. They proposed that reactive...
The Type II dilemma zone describes a segment of road on the approach to a signalized intersection where, if occupied by a motorist presented with the circular yellow indication, is likely to result in a motorist having difficulty deciding to stop at the stop line or proceed through the intersection....
Clean, safe water for consumption, recreation, irrigation, manufacturing, and fish and wildlife habitat is important to Oregonians. Nonpoint source pollution is the major cause of water quality degradation in Oregon.
Background:
Phylogeographic studies of aquatic insects provide valuable insights into mechanisms that shape the genetic structure of communities, yet studies that include broad geographic areas are uncommon for this group. We conducted a broad scale phylogeographic analysis of the least salmonfly Pteronarcella badia (Plecoptera) across western North America. We tested...
Background:
Phylogeographic studies of aquatic insects provide valuable insights into mechanisms that shape the genetic structure of communities, yet studies that include broad geographic areas are uncommon for this group. We conducted a broad scale phylogeographic analysis of the least salmonfly Pteronarcella badia (Plecoptera) across western North America. We tested...
Full Text:
*, Derek D. Houston2, C. Riley Nelson3,4, R. Paul Evans5, Keith A. Crandall6 and Dennis K. Shiozawa3,4
Background:
Phylogeographic studies of aquatic insects provide valuable insights into mechanisms that shape the genetic structure of communities, yet studies that include broad geographic areas are uncommon for this group. We conducted a broad scale phylogeographic analysis of the least salmonfly Pteronarcella badia (Plecoptera) across western North America. We tested...
Although there have been a number of studies of
end-user software development tasks, few of them have
considered gender issues for real end-user developers
in real-world environments for end-user programming.
In order to be trusted, the results of such laboratory
studies must always be re-evaluated with fewer controls,
more closely...
Microglia and reactive astrocytes accumulate in the spinal cord of rats expressing the Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)-linked SOD1ᴳ⁹³ᴬ mutation. We previously reported that the rapid progression of paralysis in ALS rats is associated with the appearance of prolifer- ative astrocyte-like cells that surround motor neurons. These cells, designated as Aberrant...