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Rights Based Management in International Tuna Fisheries

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Abstract
  • The established of exclusive rights to fish is essential for tuna-Regional Fisheries Management Organizations to prevent overfishing, achieve sustainability, and to realize maximum economic benefits. Exclusive use or property rights may be based on catch, effort, or licenses, and similar systems can be used for bycatch. Unique issues arise compared to national systems. Two rights are entailed, access and catch/effort/capacity: Under international law, states hold the rights to fish and would receive the allocations. Individual states would distribute use rights to vessels, gear types or sectors. Systems for the creation and transferability of rights can accommodate diversity in national legal systems and issues and rights between coastal developing and small island states and distant water fishing nations. Allowing for those with a ""real interest"" and new entrants must be accommodated under international law. Unique compliance and monitoring issues arise, including rights based management instituted under self-enforcing multilateral cooperation in tuna-RFMOS and in accordance with international law, and trade an dport state measures, bans on transhipment, inclusion on IUU vessel lists. Rights-based management also helps break the deadlock facing RFMOs, since different management decisions implicitly differentially allocate opportunities, employment, assets, and benefits among member parties, and growing capacity and delay accentuate the difficulty of governance reform and addressing root causes. After allocation, decentralized secondary markets replace on-going and contentious deliberations.
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  • Squires, Dale. 2014. Rights Based Management in International Tuna Fisheries. In: Towards ecosystem based management of fisheries: what role can economics play?: Proceedings of the Seventeenth Biennial Conference of the International Institute of Fisheries Economics and Trade, July 7-11, 2014, Brisbane, Australia. Complied by Ann L. Shriver & Melissa Errend. Corvallis, OR: International Institute of Fisheries.
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Funding Statement (additional comments about funding)
  • Fisheries Research & Development Corporation, World Wildlife Fund, MG Kailis Group, AquaFish Innovation Lab, NOAA Fisheries, The European Association of Fisheries Economists, Japan International Fisheries Research Society, United Nations University, NORAD
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